chos 'khor gsum pa

Third Turning of the Wheel of Dharma. The last teachings of the Buddha including the sutras on the definitive meaning. The teachings by the Buddha placing emphasis on buddha nature, the unity of luminosity and emptiness devoid of constructs. third turning of the doctrinal wheel [RY]

3rd turning of the doctrinal wheel (in the indefinite realms [IW]

the Third Turning of the Wheel of Dharma. The third of the Three Turnings of the Wheel of Dharma, chos 'khor gsum. The third turning was also delivered to an audience of bodhisattvas in Shravasti and other Indian locations (e.g. in Kusinagara, to Bodhisattvas and onlooking Buddhas, in the Mahaparinirvana Sutra) – or even in transcendental Buddhic realms (in the Avatamsaka Sutra). The focal point of the third turning is Buddha nature and particularly the Tathāgatagarbha doctrine. This was elaborated on in great detail by Maitreya via Asanga in the Five Treatises of Maitreya, which are also generally grouped under the third turning. The Yogachara school reoriented later refinements, in all their complexity, so as to accord with the doctrines of earliest Buddhism. The Third Turning is about abandoning clinging to emptiness. The Third Turning of the wheel of Dharma is often called the turning characterised by the teaching of Mind Only, and the foundational texts for that turning are the Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra and the Lankāvatāra Sūtra. [Erick Tsiknopoulos]