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One of the twenty-four original sacred pilgrimage spots of ancient India, frequented particularly by advanced tantric practitioners. With the transplantation of Vajrayana Buddhism to Tibet, many sacred places there were eventually identified as similar or identical with the Indian sites. A practice that the great [[Sakya Pandita]] greatly criticised. The sacred place of [[Lapchi]] for instance, one of the main practice spots of [[Jetsun Milarepa]], was said to be the same as the Indian Godāvarī. [[Tsari]] was equated with Devīkoṭṭa or Devīkoṭi, [[Mount Kailash]] with Himāvat or Himālaya. In most sources, Oḍḍiyāna is said to be situated in the Swat valley in present-day Pakistan. However, in the biography of the Indian Siddha [[Buddhagupta-natha]], we read of him travelling there and clearly situating it in the Gazhni region of present-day Afghanistan. Kāmarūpa corresponds to most of present-day Assam and Sindhu is said to be situated in the Sindh region of Pakistan. These are however to be taken with a pinch of salt. Neither early Indian masters nor Tibetan ones, either of the past or the present, seem ever to have completely agreed upon those locations. These sacred sites also correspond to various spots within the human body.

These sites according to one of many (at times varying) lists are:

Pullīramalaya - in the head<br>
Jālandhara - on the crown of the head<br>
Oḍḍiyāna - in the right ear<br>
Arbuda - on the back of the neck<br>
Godāvarī - in the left ear<br>
Rāmeśvara - between the brows<br>
Devīkoṭṭa - in the eyes<br>
Mālava - on the shoulders<br>
Kāmarūpa - in the armpits<br>
Oḍra - in the chest<br>
Triśakuni - in the navel<br>
Kośala - on the tip of the nose<br>
Kaliṇga - in the mouth<br>
Lampīka - in the throat<br>
Kāñcī - in the heart<br>
Himālaya - in the reproductive organs<br>
Pretāpurī - also in the reproductive organs<br>
Gṝhadeva - in the anus<br>
Saurāṣṭra - in the thighs<br>
Suvarṇadvīpa - in the calves<br>
Nagara - in the toes<br>
Sindhu - on the upper part of the feet<br>
Maru - in the large toes<br>
Kulutā - in the knees<br>

[[Category: Sacred Sites]]