'bra go

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འབྲ་གོ
1) aa mra fruit, [sweet, body heat neutral, benefitting brown and yellow phlegm, stopping the unbridled appetite of pho nad etc.]; 2) chi bi kha fruit, [IW]

1) aa mra fruit; 2) chi bi kha fruit [IW]

(med) Variously identified fruit trees
Synonyms : ha re nu ka, kshi sa khar, a 'dra (Shel gong), rgya yung ba tshwa kha (Wangyal 2020), ha ri nu ka, ma nu rta skam ('Jam-dpal) shing tog 'a mra ('Phrin Las)

'bra gos bad kan smug ser pho nad sel / zhes par / don la ma nu rta skam zhes pa de yin la ngo bo ni a ru sha chen 'dra bas a 'dra yang zer ba dang / ha re nu ka yang zer / kshi sa khar yang zer ba / 'bras bu rta'i nu ma dang yang 'dra la khad pa 'byung / 'di rgya gar dang kha che'i na khar skye / me tog dkar ser sogs ma nges pa 'byung zer / 'di la 'ga' zhig gis ro shin tu mngar ba zhig dgos par sems gsungs kyang / ro mngar ba sa chu'i rang bzhin yin pas mngar bas bad kan skyed gsungs bzhin gyis phan pa'i rgy mtshan ma rnyed do // (Shel gong shel phreng, pdf p 251.4)
'bra go ni / shing sdong dmar po lo ljang me tog ser sde ca rags 'char ba'i 'bras bu a ru sha chen 'dra ba ro mngar a mra'i 'bras bu zhes mchog ste / bai sngon bshad 'grel le'u lnga par zas kha zur grags pa rgya gar bha tra ni'i thang la skye ba sdong po ja kha lo ma ljang gu 'bras bu ma smin pa'i dus mdog sna tshogs dang smin nas a ru ra 'dra gyur par bra gor zur mkhar ba bzhed pa zhes dang su mbha rin po ches kyang bdud rtsi chu rgyun dang shel dkar me long gi ming skabs su kha sur ba zer bar gsungs pa'o / dman pa ni / sdong dmar lo ljang tsher can me tog dkar po'i 'bru rta'i nu ma 'dra ha ri nu ka 'am ma nu rta skam zhes dang / gser rgyan las nu ma 'dra ba la mthe ba chen tsam khong spu yod pa mdog dmar pa ste / zhes dang / bai sngon du 'chi ba kha zhes dang shel dkar me long las tsu rir grags pa yin par bshad / des bad kan smug ser pho nad sel // (mDzes mtshar mig rgyan, print p 088)

Illustrations : 'Phrin Las 1987 (27_033) 'bra go zhes pa a mra (27_034) de las dman pa chi pa kha. 'Jam-dpal (print p 088) bra go, [tsad?], [?] ba ni, nang gi rus pa, 'chi pa kha

1. Phoenix dactylifera L. (Arecaceae) Date palm (Wangyal 2020). Sanskrit : kharjūra, date (Dash 1989).
2. Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae) Jujube, Red Date, Chinese Date (Wangyal 2020). Reported name 'bra go dmar po. Synonyms : snying zho sha (Molvray 1988), rgya shug (Molvray 1988 H). Sanskrit : badarī (Dash 1989), badara (Pandanus, Wojtilla 2002), kola, kolī (Pandanus)
3. Diospyros lotus L. (Ebenaceae) Date-plum, Caucasian Persimmon (Molvray 1988 H). Reported name a bra gos. Synonyms : rgun 'brum nag po (Wangchuk 2011 Bhutan). Cited from northern sources
4. Diospyros kaki L.f. (Ebenaceae) Persimmon ('Phrin Las). Reported name 'bra go a mra.

Species identified with 'bra go are all fruit-bearing trees, so it is surprising to find the notice 'bra go in the herb part of the Shel gong, between costus root and ginger rhizome. In 'Jam-dpal's Eye Ornament, 'bra go is found in the tree section. He distinguishes between a superiour and an inferiour type (a mra and chi pa ka of the Medical Thangkas ?). The inferiour shares the synonym with the description in the Shel gong : ma nu rta skam.
The indian name amra points to another plant, Spondias pinnata, Indian hog plum or Forest mango. "Āmra (आम्र) is identified with Mangifera indica (mango), but Amra (अम्र) is identified with Spondias pinnata. A mra and sin bra ko (sic !, shing 'bra go ?) in Tibet is the name of a plant defined with Spondias pinnata in various botanical sources" (wisdomlib.org). snying zho sha, Choerospondias axillaris or Nepali hog plum, is a very close species to Spondias pinnata, and one finds overlapping synonyms for both.
Johannes Schmidt (talk) 16:07, 20 March 2024 (EDT)