tig ta

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ཏིག་ཏ
stalks of bitter plant gentiana chretta, name of several trees and plants, bitter, gentiana barbata, swertia chirata, gentiana chiretta, gentian [JV]

[Skt] tig ta: kha ba ste med herb [IW]

[Skt] kha ba ste med herb [ro kha, zhu rjes bsil, nus pas khrag dang mkhris pa'i tsa ba dang, mchin tsad sogs la phan. = joms byed dang, sdig pa'i bran mo, sdong bu gcig gnas gcig 'dzin, rig pa'i rna ba, ro ldan, legs ldan] [IW]

[Skt] kha ba ste med herb [R Gentiana barbata, has bitter taste] [IW]

[Skt] kha ba med. herb [ro kha, zhu rjes bsil, nus pas khrag dang mkhris pa'i tsa ba dang, mchin tsad sogs la phan syn: 'joms byed, sdig pa'i bran mo, sdong bu gcig gnas gcig 'dzin, rig pa'i rna ba, ro ldan, legs ldan] good aganst fever and lover complaints [IW]

Gentiana barbata, has bitter taste [RY]

(med) Felworts, Gentians, Saxifrages
Synonyms : tigta, kha ba, te za ra, kla kla, ko so lo, zi ra (Shel gong)

tig tas mkhris pa'i tsha ba ma lus sel / zhes pa la / ro skor las / tig ta bsil la rtsub pas mkhris pa sel / zhes dang / bdud rtsi thig par / tig ta skam la snyoms pas khra mkhris sel / zhes dang / dpag bsam ljon par / tig tas tshe mkhris tsha ba sel / zhes dang / rang byung pas / rgya tig tshad pa kun la phan / zhes gsungs / ming ni / rgya gar du tigta / bod du kha ba / rgya nag tu / te za ra / phrom gyis kla kla / me nyag pas / ko so lo / dol pos / zi ra zer ro / 'khrungs dper / tigta dag la rigs gsum ste / rgya tig bal tig bod tig go / rgya tig lo ma sngo nag mthug / bal tig lo ma cung tsam ser / zhes gsungs bzhin rigs gsum mo / rgya tig ni / rgya gar nas 'ong ba'i shing phran 'dwa ba'i khong stong srab la mkhregs pa 'od can tshigs pa'i rnam pa yod pa ro kha'o / bal tig ni / bal yul nas 'ong la snga ma las kha dog skya zhing snyi la ro sogs snga ma 'dra ba'o / bod tig ni / sum cu tig sogs rigs mang ba'o / sum cu tig gis mchin mkhris tsha [246] ba sel / zhes par / lcags phreng las / sum cu tig ni bsil la rno / zhes dang / dpag bsam ljon shing las / sum cu tig gis bad mkhris sel / rma tshad gsod la tshad nad 'joms / zhes pa la / rigs che chung gnyis 'byung / che ba me tog ser shas che la ro shin tu kha ba dang / chung ba me tog dmar shas che la ro mi kha ba'o / rje rang byung pas / sum tig che bas rnag rnams skem / chung pas rgyu long khrag nad skem / zhes gsungs / 'khrungs dper / sum cu tig ces bya ba ni / g.ya' spang nags dang brag la skye / chung ko ma mchu / padma spungs bzhin gdan du skye / ngar pa dmar po ba spu can / tshi can me tog dmar la ser / ro kha nus pa shin tu bsil / zhes gsungs / rtog pa brjod pa las / gangs can brag ljongs 'dzin pa'i sum cu tig / pad gdan zangs gos gser gyi phreng bas brgyan / rigs lnga'i nu mor bcas pa'i bdud rtsi dang / mkhris tshad rtsad nas gcod pa'i gtso mo lags / zhes gsungs pas gtso mo de la rigs lnga'i nu mo yang yod par o rgyan rin po che dang dwags po zla 'od gzhon nu dharma swa m'i rnams kyis bshad pa'i nu mo lnga ni / gser tig / dngul tig / zangs tig / lcags tig / gur tig dang lnga'o/ gser tig ni / rang byung pas gser tig bad mkhris rims tshad sel / lcags tig zangs tig dngul tig gsum / rus tshad sel zhing mgo la phan / zhes so / 'khrungs dper / gser tig yungs kar sdong bu 'dra / lo ma sdong bu gdengs pa la / me tog dmar ser shin tu gsal / ro ni kha ba'i mchog yin no / rang gi nus pas bad kan sel / gcig thang nus pas rims gsar 'joms / zhes pas shes gram khrod zhing mu sogs las yungs kar ltar skye ba 'bras bu ser zhib me tog shin tu ser la [247] dmar mdangs chags pas gsal ba de'o / dngul tig ni / 'khrungs dper / dngul tig me tog dkar po ste / lo ma sdong bu rab tu ring / ro ni kha la nus pa rtsub / sman nad thams cad sel bar byed / ces pas gsal lo / zangs tig ni / zangs tig rdza shag spang shar skye / sdong po dmar mang ngar pa med / lo ma mang spungs spu chung can / me tog dmar ser mgo mang 'khrigs / ro ni mngar kha cung zad 'jam / rgyal po gser rked can yang zer / rlung tshad ldan pa'i mkhris nad sel / zhes pas gsal lo / lcags tig ni / 'khrungs dper / lcags tig chu 'gram spang las skye / sdong po lcags kyi thur ma la / lo ma lngo ljang rting pas dril / ngar pa nag cing phra ba la / me tog ngo skya rdo rje'i ra / mang bas gar skye sa mdog sngo / gang bu zer ma'i gang bu 'dra / 'bras bu lcags kyi ring bsrel zhib / ro kha rma tsha rims tshad sel / zhes pas rtogs so / gur tig ni / rang byung pas / ldum tig rtsa tshad ma lus sel / dang / ljon shing las / gsang sman bdud rtsi gur tig ni / nyin gyi shing gseb bsil grib skye / lo ma sgor mo mthug pa la / bdud rtsi dngul gyi zil pa can / sdong po spun thung phag sug 'dra / me tog ser skya zum pa'i tshul / ro ni mngar kha mkhris pa dngos / nus pa snyoms la snum bsil 'jom / nus pas khrag mkhris rma tshad 'joms / mkhris nad sel ba'i gsang ldum yin / rma rigs sbyor ba'i bdud rtsi yin / zhes gsungs la / phag sug pa dang / gur tig dang / ldum tig yang zer / tig ta drug gi 'khrung dpe de dwags po rin po che ches zhang sman nag nad pa la gdams pa'o // (Shel gong shel phreng, pdf p 245.3)

rgya tig
1. Gentiana kurroo Royle (Gentianaceae) Indian gentian (Molvray 1988 Dh). Reported name tra yan ti. Synonym : gya tce ba (Dash 1989). Sanskrit : trāyaṇtī (Dash 1989), trāyamāṇa, trāyantī (Pandanus).
2. Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H.Karst. (Gentianaceae) Chirata (Wangyal 2011 Bhutan). Synonyms : tig ta (Wangyal 2020), ta go ta, tig ta (Dash 1989). Sanskrit : bhūnimba (Dash 1989).
3. Swertia cincta Burkill (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Kletter 2001). Synonym : tig ta (Chi 2021)
4. Swertia diluta (Turcz.) Benth. & Hook.f.. (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
5. Gentianopsis detonsa (Rottb.) Ma (Gentianaceae) Windmill fringed gentian (Molvray 1988 G,P) ). Cited from northern sources.

Illustrations : 'Phrin Las 1987 (27_058) rgya tig

“rgya tig ('Indian tig ta') is like a shrub and the whole plant is shiny. The stem is hollow and knobbly and the epidermis is thin and hard. The leaves are thick and dark green”. One of the most representative groupe of tibetan medicine. Purges liver and gallbladder, diuretic (Chi 2021).

bal tig
1. Swertia purpurascens (D.Don) C.B.Clarke (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Zhao 2021). Synonym : rgya tig (Dawa 2009).
2. Swertia racemosa (Griseb.）Wall. ex C.B.Clarke (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Zhao 2021). Synonyms : rgya tig (Kletter 2001) lcags tig ra mgo ma (Boesi 2014)
3. Campanula glomerata L. (Campanulaceae) Clustered bellflower (Molvray 1988 G). Cited from northern sources.

Illustrations : 'Phrin Las 1987 (27_059) bal tig

“In contrast to rgya tig, the color of bal tig ('Nepalese tig ta') is light and soft and the leaves are slightly yellow, whereas the other characteristics are similar” (Chi 2021).

bod tig has many types, like sum cu tig.

sum cu tig
1. Saxifraga umbellulata Hook.f. & Thomson (Saxifragaceae) Saxifrage (Wangyal 2020)
2. Saxifraga sinomontana J.T.Pan & Gornall (Saxifragaceae) Saxifrage (Wangyal 2020). Reported name sum tig chung ba.
3. Saxifraga punctulata Engl. (Saxifragaceae) Saxifrage (Wangyal 2020). Reported name sum tig dkar po.
4. Gentianella amarella (L.) Börner (Gentianaceae) Autumn gentian (Molvray 1988 G,P)

Illustrations : 'Dawa 1999 (Saxifraga sp). Phrin Las 1987 (27_094) sum cu tig bzang ba 'ol dga' yer pa. 'Jam-dpal (pdf p 403) sum cu tig che ba, sum cu tig chung ba

“sum tig grows in rock mountains, grassy slopes, under forests, and rock crevices. The stem is red and the leaves are small. The basal leaves are dense like rosettes with red and yellow flowers”. The plant ressources seem mainly Saxifraga species. (Chi 2021)

sum cu tig is subsumed into the ‘Five Sisters’ ( nu mo lnga)  :

gser tig
1. Saxifraga parnassifolia D.Don (Saxifragaceae) Himalayan saxifrage (Wangchuk 2008 Bhutan)
2. Saxifraga tangutica Engl. (Saxifragaceae) Saxifrage (Wangyal 2020). Reported name gser tig dkar po.
3. Swertia angustifolia Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021). Reported name gser tig dman pa.
4. Erysimum pachycarpum Hook.f. & Thomson (Brassicaceae) Wallflower (Wangyal 2020)

Illustrations : 'Phrin Las 1987 (27_099) gser tig / gser tigs rigs gcig (27_100) gser tig dman pa. 'Jam-dpal (print p 131) gser tig

“gser tig grows in fields and the beach. The stem and leaf are upward extensions with red or yellow flowers. The seeds are yellow and small”. The plant ressources seem mainly Saxifraga species. (Chi 2021).

dngul tig
1. Lomatogonium carinthiacum (Wulfen) A.Braun (Gentianaceae) (Kletter 2001)
2. Lomatogonium forrestii (Balf.f.) Fernand (Gentianaceae) (Kletter 2001)
3. Lomatogonium forrestii var. bonatianum (Burkill) T.N.Ho (Gentianaceae) (Kletter 2001)
4. Lomatogonium oreocharis (Diels) C.Marquand (Gentianaceae) (Kletter 2001). Synonym : tig ta (Chi 2021)
5. Parnassia nubicola Wall. ex Royle (Celastraceae) Bog star (Kletter 2001). Synonym : dung tig (Dawa 2009)
6. Parnassia ovata Ledeb. (Celastraceae) Bog star (Wangchuk 2008 Bhutan)
7. Swertia franchetiana Harry Sm. (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Wangyal 2020)
8. Parnassia trinervis Drude (Celastraceae) Bog star (Wangyal 2020). Reported name dngul tig dkar po.

Illustrations : 'Phrin Las 1987 (28_001) ngul tig yer pa. 'Jam-dpal (print p 131) dngul tig

“Stems and leaves of dngul tig are quite long and the flowers are white”. Currently, the doctors in Tibet mainly use species from Parnassia as dngul tig, whereas those in Qinghai mainly use species in Cerastium. However, their morphological characteristics are not consistent with the above description. (Chi 2021).

zangs tig
1. Swertia mussotii Franch. (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021). Synonym : zangs tig nye skor nyang lcang (Drungtso 1999).
2. Gentiana elwesii C.B.Clarke (Gentianaceae)
3. Gentianella amarella (L.) Börner (Gentianaceae) Autumn gentian (Molvray 1988 G,P)
4. Halenia corniculata (L.) Cornaz. (Gentianaceae) Spurred gentian (Chi 2021)
5. Saxifraga moorcroftiana (Ser.) Wall. ex Sternb. (Saxifragaceae) Saxifrage (Wangchuk 2008 Bhutan)
6. Swertia hispidicalyx Burkill (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Wangyal 2020). Reported name zangs tig dman pa.
7. Erysimum funiculosum Hook.f. & Thomson (Brassicaceae) Wallflower (Wangyal 2020). Reported name zangs tig rma bya chig thub.

Illustrations : 'Phrin Las 1987 (27_096) zangs tig nye skor nyang lcang. 'Jam-dpal (print p 131)) zangs tig

“zangs tig is characterized by tufted and red stems, clustered leaves, and slightly hairy, red and yellow flowers”. This is similar to the genus Saxifraga, but nowadays there seem to be a shift to Swertia species. (Chi 2021).

lcags tig
1. Halenia elliptica D.Don. (Gentianaceae) Spurred gentian (Chi 2021)
2. Jaeschkea oligosperma Knobl. (Gentianaceae) (Wangchuk 2008 Bhutan)
3. Gentianopsis paludosa (Hook.f.) Ma (Gentianaceae) Fringed gentians (Chi 2021). Synonym : lcags tig nag po (Dawa 1999)
4. Swertia cuneata D.Don (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Lama 2001 Dolpo). Synonym : lcags tig ra mgo ma (Boesi 2014)
5. Gentianopsis barbata (Froel.) Ma (Gentianaceae) Fringed gentians (Kletter 2001). Reported name lcags tig dkar po.
6. Gentianopsis grandis (Harry Sm.) Ma (Gentianaceae) Fringed gentians (Chi 2021). Reported name lcags tig dkar po. Synonym : lcags tig nag po (Kletter 2001).
7. Swertia petiolata D.Don (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Kletter 2001). Reported name lcags tig dkar po. Synonym : lcags tig ra mgo ma (Dawa 2009).
8. Comastoma pedunculatum (Royle ex D.Don) Holub (Gentianaceae) (Chi 2021). Reported name lcags tig lcags sbrag.
9. Comastoma pulmonarium (Turcz.) Toyok. (Gentianaceae) (Chi 2021) . Reported name lcags tig lcags sbrag.
10. Comastoma traillianum (Forrest) Holub (Gentianaceae) (Chi 2021) . Reported name lcags tig lcags sbrag.

Illustrations : Dawa 1999. 'Phrin Las 1987 (27_097) lcags tig nye skor chu bzang (27_098) lcags tig rigs gcig

“The stems of lcags tig are like iron chopsticks; the leaves are green, the flowers are light blue or blue, and the fruits are similar to flax seeds.” Halenia and Gentianopsis are the primary species, but can locally be substituted by Swertia or Lomatogonium species. (Chi 2021)

gur tig
Synonyms : phag sug pa, gur tig, ldum tig (Shel gong)
1. Saxifraga nigroglandulifera N.P.Balakr. (Saxifragaceae) Saxifrage (Wangyal 2020)
2. Parnassia nubicola Wall. ex Royle (Celastraceae) Himalayan bog star (Boesi 2014)

Illustrations : 'Jam-dpal (print p 131) gur tig

“gur tig grows in the shady area of green slopes. The leaves are thick, basal, and with beady, silver spots. The flowers are pale‑yellow”. These likely appear to be plants of Saxifraga or Parnassia. (Chi 2021)

tig ta (without specification)
1. Gentiana crassa subsp. rigescens (Franch. ex Hemsl) Halda (Gentianaceae) (Chi 2021). Reported name a nyog tig ta.
2. Lomatogonium macranthum (Diels & Gilg) Fernald (Gentianaceae) (Chi 2021)
3. Lomatogonium perenne T.N.Ho & S.W.Liu ex J.X.Yang (Gentianaceae) (Chi 2021)
4. Sinoswertia tetraptera (Maxim.) T.N.Ho, S.W.Liu & J.Q.Liu (Gentianaceae) (Chi 2021)
5. Swertia bimaculata (Siebold & Zucc.) Hook.f. & Thomson ex C.B.Clarke (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
6. Swertia dichotoma L. (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
7. Swertia erythrosticta Maxim. (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
8. Swertia leducii Franch. (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
9. Swertia nervosa (G.Don) Wall. ex C.B.Clarke (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
10. Swertia paniculata Wall. (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
11. Swertia punicea Hemsl. (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
12. Swertia speciosa D.Don (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
13. Swertia wardii C.Marquand (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021). Synonym : ser po rgu drus (Wangyal 2020).
14. Swertia younghusbandii Burkill (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)
15. Swertia yunnanensis Burkill (Gentianaceae) Felworts (Chi 2021)

A recent study identifies some 80 species of the Gentianeae tribe for spang rgyan, kyi lce, tig ta and gang ga chung (Chi 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112383)
Johannes Schmidt (talk) 15:21, 19 March 2024 (EDT)