dka' ba spyad pa
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endures hardships [RY]
endured many trials, undergo hardship, undertake trials, endure hardship, practice austerity austerities, asceticism, doing what is difficult [IW]
asceticism, endured many trials, austerities [JV]
1) endured many trials. 2) austerities. 3) to undergo hardship. 4) undertake, undergo trials. 5) endure hardship many trials. 6) practice austerity. 7) asceticism. 8) doing what is difficult [RY]