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Mipham Rinpoche: [[ngan song gsum dang 'du shes med pa'i lha ste mi ma yin pa'i mi khoms pa'i gnas bzhi, mtha' 'khob kla klo, log lta can gyi rigs, sangs rgyas ma byon pa'i zhing, dbang shes blun lkug brda mi 'jal ba ste mi'i mi khoms pa bzhi ste, brgyad po bral ba'i dal ba brgyad]] To dwell within the three lower realms or among the perceptionless gods are the 'four nonhuman unfree states'. To belong to a primitive border tribe, to hold wrong views, to dwell in a realm where a buddha has not appeared, or to possess defective faculties or mental capacity, such as being imbecilic, inept or incapable of communicating, are the 'four human unfree states'. To be free from these eight are the 'eight freedoms'.

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