cha snyoms byas na

mtho ris kyi bde ba'i ched du dge ba byed pa bsod nams cha mthun, mya ngan las 'das pa'i ched du dge ba byed pa thar pa cha mthun, sbyor lam pa'i dge ba ni nges par 'byed pa mthong lam gyi rgyu yin pas nges 'byed cha mthun ste gsum the three kinds: i) 'aid to merit' is to carry out virtuous actions for the sake of the pleasure of the higher realms; ii) 'aid to liberation' is to carry out virtuous actions for the sake of nirvana; and iii) 'aid to ascertainment' is the virtue of the path of joining because it is the cause of ascertaining the path of seeing. [RY]