'du byed

'du byed

One of the five aggregates; formative forces concomitant with the production of karmic seeds causing future samsaric existence.

Second of the twelve links of dependent origination. This term denotes the deep-seated predispositions inherited from past actions and experiences, some of which function in association with mind, while others do not. Formative predispositions are critical to the Buddhist understanding of the causal dynamics of karma and conditioning. It is the collection of such countless predispositions by afflicted mental states that constitutes the obscuration of misconceptions concerning the known range of phenomena, the total eradication of which occurs only when full awakening or buddhahood is achieved.

See "aggregate."

The fourth of the five aggregates.

The meaning of this term varies according to context; as one of the skandhas it means the entire array of negative, positive, and neutral mental activities.

The meaning of this term varies according to context; as one of the skandhas, it means "various mental activities." In terms of the twelve phases of dependent origination it is the second, "formation" or "creation": activities with karmic results.

The various conditioning factors and circumstances that affect rebirth, including primarily (but not only) karma. Formative factors also constitute one of the five aggregates and figure as one of the links in the twelve links of dependent arising to account for how karma eventually leads to rebirth.

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