mtshal dkar
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མཚལ་དཀར
bright/ synthetic vermilion 1) red mule w white mixed; 2) med. mtshal dkar) [IW]
white paint [JV]
bright vermilion, also a synonym for synthetic vermilion [RY]
(med) Cinnabar. Litharge (Yeshi 2018, dGa' ba'i rDo rje)
Illustrations : dGa' ba'i rDo rje 2018 (n°090) mtshal dkar, Lithargyrum
mtshal dkar is given as a synonym for da chu, Vermilion, or described as a colour preparation from Cinnabar (mtshal) and White chalk (dkar or ka rag) (Gerke 2021). In a strict sense, Cinnabar is the natural mineral Mercury sulfide (HgS). The name Vermilion is used for artificial Mercury sulfide, produced as red pigment since the 3rd or 4th cent. BC in Greece as well as in China. It is frequently confused with the pigments Litharge and Minium, red lead oxides. At the roman time, the name Minium was given to Cinnabar (mercury sulfide, adulterated with Red lead), later on in the Middle Age to Ceruse, and finally to Red lead. Thence the frequent confusion with Minium between Cinnabar, Vermillion (artificial cinnabar), Red lead and Litharge.
Yeshi has the orthograph mtshal dkar for Litharge, and 'tshal dkar (as well as mtshal, rgya mtshal and rdo mtshal) for Cinnabar.
dGa' ba'i rDo rje gives Lithargyrum, accompanied by a photo of light yellow, flat, broken pieces. Lithargyrum is defined as 'Crystallized litharge, obtained by fusion in the form of fine yellow scales'.
Johannes Schmidt (talk) 21:26, 20 November 2021 (UTC)