rten cing 'brel bar 'byung ba bcu gnyis

Twelve links of dependent origination. The twelve-fold cycle of causal connections which binds beings to samsaric existence and thus perpetuates suffering: ignorance (ma rig pa) gives rise to karmic formations ('du byed), which gives rise to consciousness (rnam par shes pa), which gives rise to name and form (ming dang gzugs), which give rise to the six sense bases (skye mched drug), and so on through contact (reg pa), ('tshor ba), craving (sred pa), grasping (nye bar len pa), becoming (srid pa), birth (skye ba), and old age and death (rga shi). See also 'dependent origination.' [RY]