Difference between revisions of "Investigation of Samskaras"

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Return to '''''main page "[[Mulamadhyamakakarika: Verses from the Centre]]"''''' for information and links.
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#REDIRECT[[bsko bzhag]][[Category:ཀ]]
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(return to list of '''''[[Contents & Translation of "Mulamadhyamakakarika: Verses from the Centre"]]''''')
 
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'''Chapter 13. Investigation of Samskaras'''
 
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'''''(Change)'''''
 
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<span class=TibUni18>བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་ཀྱིས་ཆོས་གང་ཞིག།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>བསླུ་བ་དེ་ནི་བརྫུན་ཞེས་གསུངས།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>འདུ་བྱེད་ཐམས་ཅད་བསླུ་བའི་ཆོས།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>དེས་ན་དེ་དག་བརྫུན་པ་ཡིན།།</span><br>
 
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1. [[bcom ldan 'das kyis]] [[chos gang zhig]]/<br>
 
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[[bslu ba]] [[de ni]] [[brdzun]] [[zhes]] [[gsungs]]/<br>
 
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[['du byed]] [[thams cad]] [[bslu ba'i chos]]/<br>
 
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[[des na]] [[de dag]] [[brdzun pa]] [[yin]]//
 
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1. The Bhagavan said that whatever dharma is deceptive, that is false. All conditions [are] deceptive dharmas, thus they are false.
 
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[The key to this verse lies in the source of the statement of the Buddha. [[Jeffrey Hopkins]] points out that a similar statement is found in the Dhatuvibhanga-sutra of the Majjhima Nikaya [MN 140: 26, p.1093]. This passage is translated from the Pali as: "For that is false, bhikkhu, which has a deceptive nature, and that is true which has an undeceptive nature - Nibbana. Therefore a bhikkhu possessing [this truth] possesses the supreme foundation of truth. For this, bhikkhu, is the supreme noble truth, namely, Nibbana, which has an undeceptive nature." [[Tsongkhapa]]'s outline treats this verse under the heading: "explaining non-inherent existence by means of a citation well-known to others." He then cites this text, which reads: "Bhikshus, whatever phenomenon is a deceptive conditioned thing, ([['dus byas]]) that is false and whatever phenomenon -
 
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nirvana - is undeceptive, that is the sublime truth." And then another: "Likewise, a conditioned thing is also a deceptive phenomenon. It is also an utterly perishing phenomenon." ('''Ts.''' 250-1)].
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གལ་ཏེ་བསླུ་ཆོས་གང་ཡིན་པ།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>དེ་བརྫུན་དེ་ལ་ཅི་ཞིག་བསླུ།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>བཅོམ་ལྡན་འདས་ཀྱིས་དེ་གསུངས་པ།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>སྟོང་ཉིད་ཡོངས་སུ་བསྟན་པ་ཡིན།</span><br>
 
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2. [[gal te]] [[bslu chos]] [[gang yin pa]]/<br>
 
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[[de]] [[brdzun]] [[de la]] [[ci zhig]] [[bslu]]/<br>
 
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[[bcom ldan 'das kyis]] [[de]] [[gsungs pa]]/<br>
 
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[[stong nyid]] [[yongs su bstan pa]] [[yin]]//
 
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2. If whatever is a deceptive phenomenon is false, what is deceptive about it [in what way is it deceptive]? That statement by the Bhagavan is a complete presentation of emptiness.
 
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<span class=TibUni18>དངོས་རྣམས་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་མེད་དེ*།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གཞན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་སྣང་ཕྱིར་རོ།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>དངོས་བོ་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་མེད་མེད།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གང་ཕྱིར་དངོས་རྣམས་སྟོང་པ་ཉིད།།</span><br>
 
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3.[[dngos rnams]] [[ngo bo nyid med]] [[de]]*/<br>
 
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[[gzhan du 'gyur ba]] [[snang]] [[phyir]] [[ro]]/<br>
 
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[[dngos]] [[bo]] [[ngo bo nyid med]] [[med]]/<br>
 
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[[gang phyir]] [[dngos rnams]] [[stong pa nyid]]//
 
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[ '''Ts.''' *na]
 
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3. Things have no essential nature because they are seen to change into something else. Things do not lack an essential nature because things are emptiness.
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གལ་ཏེ་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་མེད་ན།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གཞན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་གང་གི་ཡིན།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གལ་ཏེ་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་ཡོད་ན།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གཞན་དུ་འགྱུར་བར་ཇི་ལྟར་རུང*།།</span><br>
 
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4. [[gal te]] [[ngo bo nyid med]] [[na]]/<br>
 
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[[gzhan du 'gyur ba]] [[gang gi]] [[yin]]/<br>
 
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[[gal te]] [[ngo bo nyid]] [[yod na]]/<br>
 
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[[gzhan du 'gyur ba]]r [[ji ltar]] [[rung]] *//
 
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('''Lha.''' *[[ci ltar]] [[bur]] [[na]] [[gzhan du]] [['gyur]])
 
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4. If there were no essential nature, whose [nature] would it be to change into something else? If there were an essential nature, how would it be possible to change into something else?
 
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<span class=TibUni18>དེ་ཉིད་ལ་ནི་གཞན་འགྱུར་མེད།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གཞན་ཉིད་ལ་ཡང་ཡོད་མ་ཡིན།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གང་ཕྱིར་གཞོན་ནུ་མི་རྒ་སྟེ།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གང་ཕྱིར་རྒས་པའང་མི་རྒ་འོ།།</span><br>
 
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5. [[de nyid]] [[la]] [[ni]] [[gzhan 'gyur]] [[med]]/<br>
 
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[[gzhan nyid]] [[la yang]] [[yod ma yin]]/<br>
 
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[[gang phyir]] [[gzhon nu]] [[mi]] [[rga]] [[ste]]/<br>
 
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[[gang phyir]] [[rgas pa]][['ang]] [[mi]] [[rga]] [['o]]//
 
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5. This itself does not change into something else. The other itself too does not [either]. Because youth does not age. Because age too does not age.
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གལ་ཏེ་དེ་ཉིད་གཞན་འགྱུར་ན།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>འོ་མ་ཉིད་ནི་ཞོར་འགྱུར་རོ།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>འོ་མ་ལས་གཞན་གང་ཞིག་ནི།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>ཞོ་ཡི་དངོས་པོ་ཡིན་པར་འགྱུར།།</span><br>
 
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6. [[gal te]] [[de nyid]] [[gzhan 'gyur]] [[na]]/<br>
 
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[['o]] [[ma]] [[nyid]] [[ni]] [[zhor]] [['gyur ro]]/<br>
 
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[['o]] [[ma]] [[las gzhan]] [[gang zhig]] [[ni]]/<br>
 
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[[zho]] [[yi]] [[dngos po]] [[yin par]] [['gyur]]//
 
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6. If this itself changes into something else, milk itself would be curds. Something other than milk would be the being of curds.
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གལ་ཏེ་སྟོང་མིན་ཅུང་ཟད་ཡོད།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>སྟོང་པའང་ཅུང་ཟད་ཡོད་པར་འགྱུར།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>མི་སྟོང་ཅུང་ཟད་ཡོད་མིན་ན།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>སྟོང་པ་*ཡོད་པར་ག་ལ་འགྱུར།</span><br>
 
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7. [[gal te]] [[stong]] [[min]] [[cung zad]] [[yod]]/<br>
 
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[[stong pa]][['ang]] [[cung zad]] [[yod par 'gyur]]/<br>
 
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[[mi stong]] [[cung zad]] [[yod min]] [[na]]/<br>
 
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[[stong pa]]* [[yod par]] [[ga la 'gyur]]//
 
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['''Lha.''' *[[pa]][['ang]]
 
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7. If a bit of the non-empty existed, a bit of the empty would also exist. If there did not exist a bit of the non-empty, how could the empty exist?
 
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<span class=TibUni18>རྒྱལ་བ་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་སྟོང་པ་ཉིད།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>ལྟ་ཀུན་ངེས་པར་འབྱུང་བར་གསུངས།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>གང་དག་སྟོང་པ་ཉིད་ལྟ་བ།</span><br>
 
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<span class=TibUni18>དེ་དག་བསྒྲུབ་ཏུ་མེད་པར་གསུངས།།</span><br>
 
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8. [[rgyal ba]] [[rnams]] [[kyis]] [[stong pa nyid]]/<br>
 
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[[lta]] [[kun]] [[nges par 'byung ba]]r [[gsungs]]/<br>
 
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[[gang dag]] [[stong pa nyid]] [[lta ba]]/<br>
 
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[[de dag]] [[bsgrub tu med pa]]r [[gsungs]]//
 
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8. The Conquerors taught emptiness as the forsaking of all views. Those who view emptiness are taught to be without realisation [incurable / incorrigible].
 
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:[The source here is given by [[Candrakirti]] and [[Tsongkhapa]] as the ''[[Ratnakuta Sutra]]'', i.e. a [[Mahayana]] text. "The earliest Mahayana sutras now extant appear to be some of those collected in what came to be called the Ratnakuta. ... Some of these were translated into Chinese as early as the latter part of the 2nd century AD." (Warder. ''Indian Buddhism'', 356). The Kasyapaparivarta seems to be one of these early sections, in Warder it is sometimes synonymous with the Ratnakuta (in contrast to the Great Ratnakuta). It also originates from Andra in South India.
 
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:[[Je Tsongkhapa]] quotes a large chunk of the Kasyapaparivarta ([['od srungs]] [[kyis]] [[zhus pa]]), pp 260-1, which concludes with this passage: "The Bhagavan said: 'Likewise, Kasyapa, if emptiness is the emerging from (forsaking of) all views, then Kasyapa, he who views emptiness alone cannot possibly be cured."]
 
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<span class=TibUni18>འདུ་བྱེད་བརྟག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་སྟེ་རབ་ཏུ་བྱེད་པ་བཅུ་སུམ་པ་འོ།།</span><br>
 
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[['du byed]] [[brtag pa]] [[zhes bya ba]] [[ste]] [[rab tu byed pa]] [[bcu]] [[sum pa]][['o]]//
 
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[[Category:I]] [[Category:Teachings]] [[Category:Key Terms]]
 

Revision as of 13:47, 10 November 2009

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