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| − | == ''A Glossary of Buddhist People, Places, and Things...'' == | + | <div style="top:+0.2em;font-size: 110%"> |
| − | ''- '''The Terms by which They're Defined''' -'' | + | <center>'''~~ <span class=TibUni20>[[རང་བྱུང་ཡེ་ཤེས་ཕིབ་རྒྱ་དཀོན་མཆོག་ཕོ་བྲང་ཆོས་ཀྱི་ཕྲིན་ལས།]]</span> ~~'''</center></div> |
| − | | + | ---- |
| − | (Review other Categories: http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Special:Categories) or, click on the 'Categories' link at the bottom of the pages.
| + | <center>'''''~~ A Glossary of Buddhist People, Places, and Things...~~'''''</center> |
| | + | ---- |
| | + | <table align="center"> |
| | + | <tr> |
| | + | <td>[[Image:Buddha_6.jpg|thumb|220px|<center>'''[[Buddhas of the Three Times]]''']]</center></td> |
| | + | <td>[[Image:PrajnaParamita.jpg|thumb|250px|<center>'''[[Prajnaparamita]]''' - ([[sher phyin ma]]) - </center><center><BR>{{:sher phyin ma}}</center><center>Guardian Deity of [[The Perfection of Wisdom]] - [[Mother of All Buddhas]]<br>(picture source unknown)</center>]]</td> |
| | + | <td>[[Image:Padmadsat_6.jpg|thumb|230px|<center>'''[[Padmasambhava]] Refuge''']]</center></td> |
| | + | </tr> |
| | + | </table> |
| | + | ---- |
| | + | <center>''''' ~~ The Terms by which These Are Defined ~~ '''''</center> |
| | + | ---- |
| | + | --'''Alphabetical Listing:'''<br> |
| | + | <center>'''[[A]]''' - '''[[B]]''' - '''[[C]]''' - '''[[D]]''' - '''[[E]]''' - '''[[F]]''' - '''[[G]]''' - '''[[H]]''' - '''[[I]]''' - '''[[J]]''' - '''[[K]]''' - '''[[L]]''' - '''[[M]]''' - '''[[N]]''' - '''[[O]]''' - '''[[P]]''' - '''[[Q]]''' - '''[[R]]''' - '''[[S]]''' - '''[[T]]''' - '''[[U]]''' - '''[[V]]''' - '''[[W]]''' - '''[[X]]''' - '''[[Y]]''' - '''[[Z]]'''</center> |
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| | + | ''''' "It is all right not to know the Tibetan language. As long as you can read, you can absorb the [[Dharma]] terminology, the Buddhist key words. Many learned people have told me that the majority of Buddhist scriptures exist in the Tibetan language. Second is Chinese; after that there is Japanese, Pali, and so forth. Nevertheless, Tibetan is foremost in quantity. Someone who wants to do detailed studies, can study to their heart's delight in the Tibetan medium, without running out of texts".''''' |
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| − | -'''[[A]]''' - '''[[B]]''' - '''[[C]]''' - '''[[D]]''' - '''[[E]]''' - '''[[F]]''' - '''[[G]]''' - '''[[H]]''' - '''[[I]]''' - '''[[J]]''' - '''[[K]]''' - '''[[L]]''' - '''[[M]]''' - '''[[N]]''' - '''[[O]]''' - '''[[P]]''' - '''[[Q]]''' - '''[[R]]''' - '''[[S]]''' - '''[[T]]''' - '''[[U]]''' - '''[[V]]''' - '''[[W]]''' - '''[[X]]''' - '''[[Y]]''' - '''[[Z]]''' -
| + | Quoted from an interview with '''''[[Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche]]''''' '''-''' <span class=TibUni16>[[ཆོས་ཀྱི་ཉི་མ་རིན་པོ་ཆེ།]]</span> |
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| − | '''A'''<br> | + | '''Note:''' To review the images above, their source, more details and availability, please see '''http://www.thangka.ru/gallery_e.html'''. ''Thank you Nick!''<br> |
| | + | <br> |
| | + | (Review other [[Special:Categories|Categories]]) |
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| − | Abandonment and realization ([[spangs rtogs]]). - A synonym for 'buddhahood' or 'enlightenment.' ([[bla ma'i thugs rgyud kyi spangs rtogs kyi yon tan]]) -- the qualities of freedom and realization of the teacher's wisdom mind [RY]
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| − | Abhidana of the Samvara Tantra - a tantric text. [RY]
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| − | Abbot, the Master, and the Dharma King: are [[Shantarakshita]], [[Padmasambhava]], and [[Trisong Deutsen]]
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| − | [[Abhidharma]] -([[chos mngon pa]])- 1) systematic teachings which analyze elements of experience and investigate the nature of existence, thus dispelling wrong views and establishing analytic insight. 2) One of the three parts of the [[Tripitaka]], the Words of the [[Buddha]], the essence of which is prajna, or [[discriminating knowledge]] ([[kun rtogs ye shes]]). 3) Branch of Buddhist literature and practice concerned with the analysis of phenomena into their elementary constituents ([[dharmas]]). 4) Systematic teachings on metaphysics focusing on the training and developing of discriminating knowledge by analyzing elements of experience and investigating the nature of existing things. The chief commentaries on Abhidharma are the [[Abhidharma Kosha]] by [[Dignaga]] from the [[Hinayana]] perspective, and the [[Abhidharma Samucchaya]] by [[Asanga]] from the [[Mahayana]] point of view. Dignaga was a disciple of [[Vasubandhu]]. Vasubandhu was later converted to Mahayana by Asanga. [RY]
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| − | [[Abhidharma Kosha]] -([[mngon pa mdzod]])-. An authoritative scripture on Buddhist metaphysics according to Hinayana, composed by the Indian pandita [[Dignaga]]. [RY]
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| − | [[Abhidharma Pitaka]] -([[mngon pa'i sde snod]])-. One of The Three Pitakas -([[sde snod gsum]])-, containing the foundation of Buddhist psychology and logic. It describes the universe, the various types of beings, the steps on the path to enlightenment, refutes wrong views and so forth. [RY]
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| − | [[Abhidharma Samuccaya]] -([[mngon pa kun btus]])-. An authoritative scripture on Buddhist metaphysics according to Mahayana, composed by the Indian [[pandita]] [[Asanga]]. [RY]
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| − | [[Abhisamaya Lamkara]] -([[mngon rtogs rgyan]])- The 'Ornament of Realization' authored by [[Maitreya]] and written down by [[Asanga]]. It explains the paths and [[bhumis]] of the [[bodhisattva vehicle]]. [RY]
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| − | [[Abhisheka]] -([[dbang bskur]])-. See [[empowerment]]. [RY]
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| − | [[absolute]]
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| − | [[Absolute]] ([[yongs grub]]); unchanging ([['gyur med yongs grub]]), expl.; unmistaken ([[phyin ci ma log pa'i yongs grub]]), expl. [LWx] [RY]
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| − | [[absolute bodhicitta]] -([[don dam byang chub gyi sems]])- corresponds to the realization of emptiness. The [[relative bodhicitta]] -([[kun rdzob byang chub kyi sems]])- is the wish to attain enlightenment for the sake of others and the putting of this wish into action.
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| − | [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | [[Abu]] -(a bu)-. Another name for Paltrul Rinpoche, Jigme Choskyi Wangchuk (1808-87), also known as Dzogchen Palge Tulku. [RY]
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| − | [[Acarya]] -([[slob dpon]])- master. [RY]
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| − | [[Acceptance]] -([[bzod pa]])- One of the 'four aspects of ascertainment' attained on the path of joining. [RY]
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| − | Acceptance of the profound [[Dharma]] -([[zab mo'i chos la bzod pa]])- Acceptance of [[Emptiness]]; that [[dharmas]] are unproduced. [RY]
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| − | Acceptance that [[dharmas]] are unproduced - ([[mi skye ba'i chos la bzod pa]]) Skt. anutpattika-dharma-ksanti - An important realization gained on entry to the eighth Bodhisattva Stage. [RY]
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| − | [[Accomplishment]] -([[dngos grub]], Skt. [[siddhi]])- 1) See '[[supreme and common siddhis]] 2)-([[sgrub pa]])- See 'four aspects of approach and accomplishment.'. 3) The result of the practice. [RY]
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| − | Accomplishment of Means and Knowledge ([[thabs shes grub pa]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Accomplishment of Nonduality ([[gnyis med grub pa]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Accomplishment of Secrets ([[gsang ba grub pa]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Accomplishment of Thatness to Clearly Encompass Reality ([[dngos po gsal ba'i rjes su 'gro ba'i de kho na nyid grub pa]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Accomplishment of the Great Secret Thatness ([[gsang ba chen po de nyid grub pa]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Accomplishment of the Innate ([[lhan skyes grub pa]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Accomplishment of Wisdom ([[ye shes grub pa]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | ACCOMPLISHMENT. 1) ([[dngos grub]]), Skt. [[siddhi]]. The attainment resulting from Dharma practice usually referring to the 'supreme accomplishment' of complete enlightenment. It can also mean the 'common accomplishments,' eight mundane accomplishments such as clairvoyance, clairaudiance, flying in the sky, becoming invisible, everlasting youth, or powers of transmutation. The most eminent attainments on the path are, however, renunciation, compassion, unshakable faith and realization of the correct view. See also 'supreme and common accomplishments.' 2) ([[sgrub pa]]). See also 'approach and accomplishment.'[AL] [RY]
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| − | [[Accumulation of merit]] ([[bsod nams kyi tshogs]]) - Virtuous actions or meditation practice carried out with conceptual mind; for instance, the concepts of oneself, the deed and the purpose. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]
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| − | [[Accumulation of wisdom]] ([[ye shes kyi tshogs]]). Virtuous actions embraced by the discriminating knowledge ([[shes rab]]) of insight into emptiness, naked mind free from conceptual thinking.. [RY]
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| − | [[Accumulation(s)]] ([[tshogs]]). The provisions for journeying along the path of enlightenment. See the '[[Accumulations, the two]].' [RY]
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| − | [[Accumulations, the two]] ([[tshogs gnyis]]). The accumulations of merits and of Wisdom-knowledge that one must gather by practicing the Perfections so as to achieve Enlightenment. [RY]
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| − | [[Acharya Lilavajra]]. One of the Indian mahasiddhas. [RY]
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| − | [[Acharya Nagarjuna]] ([[slob dpon klu sgrub]]). A great Indian master of philosophy. He was named "Naga Master" because he taught the beings in the naga world and returned with the extensive version of Prajnaparamita left in their safe keeping. [RY]
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| − | Acharya Padma. [Daki] [RY]
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| − | Acharya Padmavajra. [Daki] [RY]
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| − | Acharya Shantipa ([[slob dpon shan ti pa]]) - An Indian master in the Mahamudra lineage. [RY]
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| − | Acharya Tubten Chöphel [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Action dagger ([[las phur]]) - The kilaya for fulfilling the activities in the practice of Vajra Kilaya. [RY]
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| − | Action Family (karma-kula, [[las kyi rigs]] ([[tshogs]])) - The Family of Amoghasiddhi. [RY]
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| − | Action resembling its cause ([[byed pa rgyu mthun]]) - The ripening of karma showing itself as the tendency to repeat the same kind of action. [RY]
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| − | action seal [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Action Tantra ([[bya ba'i rgyud]]) - Kriya [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Action without intermediate ([[mtshams med pa'i las]]) - Five actions with the most severe karmic effect: killing one's mother, one's father, or an arhant; causing schism in the sangha of monks; and drawing blood from a tathagata with evil intent. These actions can also be called 'immediates' because their karmic effect will ripen immediately after death without leaving time to go through a bardo state. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Action, act, activity, rite (karman; [[las]], [[phrin las]], [['phrin las]]). For the activity of a Buddha, or for Tantric rites, Tib. often used the honorific (')phrin las, which I have sometimes translated as 'divine action' or 'divine activity'. The 'four activities' or 'four rites' are Pacifying or Calming, Increasing, Subjugating or Subduing, and Fierceness. See also karma. [RY]
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| − | Activities ([[las]], [[phrin las]]). Usually referring to the four activities of pacifying, increasing, magnetizing and subjugating. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Activities. See 'four activities.' [RY]
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| − | Activity dakinis. [Daki] [RY]
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| − | Activity Garland Tantra ([[kar ma ma le 'phrin las kyi rgyud]]) - A Mahayoga scripture listed here as one of the Six Secret Sections. Sometimes also mentioned as one of the Eighteen Mahayoga Tantras as the tantra of enlightened activity. Texts with this name are found both in Vol. TSA and SHA of the [[Nyingma Gyübum]]. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Activity practices ([[las tshogs]]). They refer chiefly to the four activities of pacifying, increasing, magnetizing and subjugating. [RY]
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| − | Adamantine, Concentration called (Vajropamo nama samadhih, [[rdo rje lta bu zhes bya ba'i ting nge 'dzin]]). The concentration in which Liberation or the Enlightenment of a Buddha is attained. Called 'destroyer of hostile forces' (para-sainya-pramardin) since it eliminates the last obstructions. [RY]
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| − | Adhi Rinpoche (a dhih rin po che [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Adi Buddha Samantabhadra ([[mdod ma'i sangs rgyas kun tu bzang po]]). 1) The primordially enlightened buddha. 2) the all-pervasive primordial Buddha from whom radiates the five Dhyanibuddhas; the representation of dynamic energy that brings from into existence. [RY]
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| − | Adityabandhu ([[nyi ma'i gnyen]]: kinsman or friend of the sun) An epithet of [[Buddha Shakyamuni]].
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| − | [[Aeon]] ([[bskal pa]], Skt. [[Kalpa]]) - 1) World-age, period, cosmic cycle. 2) World-age, cosmic cycle. 3) Cosmic period. There are small aeons, intermediate aeons and big aeons. An intermediate aeon consists of two small aeons, and a big aeon consists of 80 intermediate aeons. 4) Aeon of Strife ([[rtsod dus]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Afflicted mind consciousness ([[nyon yid kyi rnam shes]]) - A term used in the abhidharma teachings. It is one of the eight consciousnesses which harbors the thought "I am" and is the basis for all negative emotions. One of the eight collections. [RY]
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| − | [[Affliction]] ([[kun nyon]]) state of, [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Agang Monastery ([[a 'gang]]), at Machuka ([[rma chu kha]]). There is a miraculously-formed image of Hayagriva known as rma khar rta mgrin rang byung. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Age of Destruction ([['jig dus]]). When seven suns blaze and the whole world is consumed in a firestorm [RY]
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| − | age of residues ([[snyigs dus]]), which is characterized by a degeneration in 1) the life span ([[tshe]]), 2) the general karma ([[las]]), 3) the view ([[lta ba]]), and 4) the faculties of beings ([[sems can]]), as well as by 5) an increase of the obscuring emotions ([[nyon mongs]]). [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Age of Strife (kali-yuga, [[rtsod dus]]). 1) The present world-age. 2) The present world-age dominated by decline and degeneration. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | [[Aggregate]](s) ([[phung po]]). See 'five aggregates.' [RY]
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| − | [[Agitation]] ([[rgod pa]]). The state of mind disturbed by thoughts and emotions. [RY]
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| − | Agitation and fading (layauddhatya, [[bying rgod]]). faults of meditation. [RY]
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| − | Agnean - Another name for the Central Asian Dharma language known as Tokharian A [RY]
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| − | Agni (agni, anala; [[me lha]]). The Vedic god of fire, guardian of the south-eastern direction. [RY]
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| − | Aids to Bodhi, or to Enlightenment (bodhi-paksika-dharma, [[byang chub phyogs chos]]). A series of seven groups of qualities - thirty-seven in all - to be practiced at successive stages of the Path. [RY]
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| − | [[Aishvara]] [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[Ajanta]] - Site of major Buddhist cave temples; the later Mahayana temples are renowned for their art [RY]
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| − | [[Ajatashatru]] - 1) Son of bimbisara and ruler of Magadha at the time of the Parinirvana; he provided for the needs of the First Council 2) Son of King Bimbishara of Magadha. Abetted by the rebellious Devadatta, he we usurped the throne, imprisoned his parents, and starved them to death. After he had conquered and annexed neighboring states, laying the foundation for the unification of India, he became afflicted with a skin disease. Remorseful, he went to the Buddha to repent his sin and take refuge in him. After the Buddha's parinirvana, King Ajatashatru sponsored the 500 arhats to collect the Buddha's teachings. Indian Buddhism is greatly indebted to the converted King Ajatashatru for his prevalence and prosperity. [RY]
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| − | [[Ajita]] ([[ma pham pa]]). See [[Maitreya]] [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[Ajita]], the Indefeatable ([[ma pham pa]]), [[Maitreya]]. [RY]
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| − | [[Akanishta]] {[['og min]]}. 1) Non-higher. The highest Buddhafield. There are six places that have this name, from the eighth paradise of the gods of the fourth concentration up to the [[absolute]] [[Akanishta]], which is inconceivable. 2) the highest of the heavens of the form realm. 3) The 'highest;' the realm of Vajradhara, the dharmakaya buddha. Can also refer to the highest abode of gods in the form realms. 4) For a discussion of the various types of Akanishtha, see Gyurme Dorje's translation of Longchen Rabjam's [[phyogs bcu mun sel]]. 5) The 'highest;' the realm of [[Vajradhara]], the enlightened sphere the [[dharmakaya buddha]]. Often used as a synonym for '[[dharmadhatu]].' 6) ultimate ([[don gyi 'og min]])[RY][Primer]
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| − | [[Akanishta realm]] ([['og min gyi zhing]]). The highest buddha realm. [RY]
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| − | *Akanishta realm of all-encompassing purity ([[dag pa rab 'byams 'og min zhing]]) - [RY]
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| − | *Akanishta realm of Padmajala ([['og min pad ma drva ba'i zhing]]) - The pure realm of Guru Rinpoche. [RY]
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| − | [[Akaramatisila]] - brought back altogether five statues of [[Avalokitesvara]], which became among the most venerated ones in Tibet and Nepal. The four others are the Jowo Lokeshvara which is still kept in the Potala at Lhasa, the Jowo Wati Sangpo of Kyirong (see chap.12, note 21, the Jowo Jamali at Kathmandu and the [[Jowo Ukhangpa]] ([[u khang pa]]) in Patan (Kathmandu). [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Akhu Tersey - [RY]
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| − | [[Akshobhya]] - ([[mi bskyod]]) 1) one of the [[five Dhyani buddhas]]; his [[Sambhogakaya]] form is [[Vajrasattva]]. 2) ([[mi bskyod pa]]). 'Imperturbable', n. of a Buddha, Lord of the [[5 Vajra Families]]. 3) The chief buddha of the [[5 Vajra Families]]. The manifestion of [[mirror-like wisdom]]. [RY]
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| − | [[Akshobhya]] ([[mi bskyod pa]]) - the lord of the [[5 Vajra Families]], dwelling in [[Abhirati]] ([[mngon dga']]) - the eastern [[Buddhafield]]. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Aku - is used to address a paternal uncle, but is also used for a monk or a priest, independent of any family ties. Similarly, "Ashang" is used to address a maternal uncle, but is also used for any [[layman]]. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Alak ([[a lag]]) - is an honorific title given to [[lama]]s and notables in Amdo. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | [[Alaya]] ([[kun gzhi]]) - The basis of all of [[Samsara]] and [[Nirvana]]. See '[[all-ground]].'[Primer] [RY
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| − | [[alayavijnana]] ([[kun gzhi'i rnam shes]]) - See all-ground consciousness [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Ali Kali - means the A-string and the [[Ka]]-string. The 16 vowels and 30 consonants of the Sanskrit alphabet. [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[Alidha]] ([[g.yas brkyang g.yon bskum]]). A posture, either sitting or standing, in which the left leg is bent more sharply than the right. [RY]
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| − | [[All-encompassing purity]] ([[snang srid dag pa rab 'byams]]) - the all-encompassing purity of appearance and existence, infinite purity of phenomena, infinite purity of appearance and existence. [[All which appears and exists]] ([[snang srid thams cad]]), the world and the beings - is actually all-encompassing purity. We really should understand this: everything, all world-systems and all beings — whatever appears and exists, meaning the 'perceived' and the 'perceiver' — all takes place as the sphere of the [[Three Kayas]]. ([[Dharmakaya]], [[Sambhogakaya]], [[Nirmanakaya]]). Everything originates as the Three Kayas, takes place as the sphere of the Three Kayas, and dissolves back again as the sphere of the three kayas. [Primer] [RY]
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| − | [[All-accomplishing wisdom]] ([[bya ba grub pa'i ye shes]]) - One of [[The Five Wisdoms]]; the [[transmutation]] of [[envy]]. [RY]
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| − | [[All-embodying Jewel Scripture]] ([[rin chen kun 'dus kyi lung]]) - One of the Eighteen Major Scriptures of the [[Mind Section]] of [[Dzogchen]]. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | All-embodying One - [[Vairochana]] ([[kun rigs rnam par snang mdzad]]) is a deity who embodies the [[5 Vajra Families]]. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | [[All-encompassing Bliss Scripture]] ([[bde ba rab 'byams kyi lung]]). One of the Eighteen Major Scriptures of the [[Mind Section]] of [[Dzogchen]]. Vol. [[Ka]] of the [[Nyingma Gyübum]]. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | [[All-Encompassing Knowledge]] ([[shes bya kun khyab]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[All-encompassing purity]] ([[dag pa rab 'byams]]). The [[elements]] and [[skandhas]] of the world and its beings, are, in their pure aspects, the [[five male buddhas]] and five female buddhas ([[rgyal ba yum lnga]]). [RY]
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| − | All-encompassing purity of appearance and existence ([[snang srid dag pa rab 'byams]]) - 1) A term used especially in the teachings of the [[Inner Tantras]] demonstrating that all phenomena are inherently perfect; the [[five aggregates]] are the [[five male buddhas]], and so forth. 2) A term used especially in the teachings of the maha, anu and ati tantras demonstrating that all phenomena are inherently perfect. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]
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| − | [[All-ground]] ([[kun gzhi]]) - Skt. [[Alaya]] - 1) Literally it means the 'foundation of all things.' The basis of mind and both pure and impure phenomena. This word has different meanings in different contexts and should be understood accordingly. Sometimes, it is synonymous with [[Buddha Nature]] or [[Dharmakaya]], the recognition of which is the basis for all pure phenomena; other times, as in the case of the '[[ignorant all-ground]],' it refers to a neutral state of [[dualistic mind]] which is not yet embraced by [[innate wakefulness]] and thus is the basis for samsaric experience 2) ground of all of [[Samsara]] and [[Nirvana]]. [Primer][RY]
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| − | [[All-ground consciousness]] ([[kun gzhi'i rnam par shes pa]]). The cognizant aspect of the '[[All-ground]],' like the brightness of a mirror. ([[kun gzhi'i rnam shes]]) definition of; expl.; in relation to ignorance [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[All-ground for manifold tendencies]] ([[bag chags sna tshogs pa'i kun gzhi]]) The alaya serving as the basis for samsaric tendencies. [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[all-ground for true application]] ([[sbyor ba don gyi kun gzhi]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[all-ground wisdom]] ([[kun gzhi'i ye shes]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[All-ground]]; as basis for both confusion and liberation cognizant quality of expl.; in relation to 'disturbed mind consciousness'; pure all-ground ([[dag pa'i kun gzhi]]) [Lwx] [RY]
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| − | [[All-Holding Lotus]] ([[pad ma kun tu 'chang]]). See [[Padmasambhava]] [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[All-illuminating samadhi]] ([[kun tu snang ba'i ting nge 'dzin]]). The second of the three samadhis. [[compassion]] arising out of [[emptiness]]. [RY]
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| − | [[All-knowing King of Dharma]] ([[kun mkhyen chos kyi rgyal po]]). See Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. [RY]
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| − | [[All-Pervading Adornment]] by Jigmey Lingpa (1729-1798). 671 pages. Vol. 34 in the [[Nyingma Gyübum]]. Tibetan title: de bzhin gshegs pas legs par gsungs pa'i gsung rab rgya mtsho'i snying por gyur pa rig pa 'dzin pa'i sde snod dam snga 'gyur rgyud 'bum rin po che'i rtogs pa brjod pa 'dzam gling mtha'i gru khyab pa'i rgyan. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | [[All-pervasive suffering of being conditioned]] ([[khyab pa 'du byed kyi sdug bsngal]]). The third of the [[three sufferings]]. It is perpetuated by the continuation of the [[five aggregates]]. 2) [[all-pervasive suffering]] of formations ([[khyab pa 'du byed kyi sdug bsngal]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | [[all-pervasive suffering]] of formations ([[khyab pa 'du byed kyi sdug bsngal]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Altan Khan - Sixteenth century Mongol leader who converted to the [[Dharma]], establishing priest-patron relationship with [[Third Dalai Lama]] [RY]
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| − | Ama Khandroma ([[a ma mkha' 'gro ma]]) was said to be a human descendant of the [[dakini]] guardian of Tsari. See Wylie (1962, 94). [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Ama Tsomen Gyalmo ([[a ma mtsho sman rgyal mo]]), the chief among the [[four sisters]] ([[sman mo]]) who are guardians of the Lake. She is the wife of one of Machen Pomra's nephews. See also chap.6, note 23. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Amazing Emanated Scriptures ([[ya mtshan sprul pa'i glegs bam]]). [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Amban and assistant Amban were the Chinese emperor's representatives in Lhasa, from 1727 to 1912. The emperor himself was known in Tibet as the Jamyang Gongma, or, in full, "God of the Skies, Exalted Manjusri, Great Lord" (gnam gyi lha 'jam dbyangs gong ma bdag po chen po), a title that the fifth Dalai Lama, on the occasion of his visit to Peking in 1653, conferred upon the Manchu ruler (China being considered to be the [[Buddhafield]] of [[Manjusri]]). The Ambans at the time of this story were Wen'gan (who stayed at Lhasa from 1820 to 1823) and Linghai (1819 to 1821). [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Amdo. [[mdo stod]] - 1) the Khams region, the Amdo region [RY]
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| − | Amendment of Breaches of Secret Mantra ([[sngags kyi spang skong]]). Name of tantric scripture. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Amitabha ([['od dpag med pa]], [[a mi de ba]]). '[[Measureless Light]]', name of a Buddha, Lord of the [[Lotus Family]] and of the [[Sukhavati Pure Land]]. usually red in color. [RY]
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| − | Amitabha ([[snang ba mtha' yas]]). The chief buddha of the lotus family and lord of the pure land Sukhavati. He is also the manifestation of [[discriminating wisdom]]. [ZL] [RY]
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| − |
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| − | Amitabha Temple ([[snang ba mtha' yas kyi gling]]). A temple at [[Samye]]. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Amitabha. See [[Buddha Amitabha]] [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Amitayus ([[tshe dpag med]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Amitayus ([[tshe dpag med]]) Lit. '[[Buddha of Infinite Life]]; The Buddha of long life. Buddha associated with the 'Long life initiation.' [RY]
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| − | Amitayus ([[tshe dpag med]]). See Buddha Amitayus. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Amnye Getho ([[a myes ge tho]]): a line of red cliffs inhabited by the mountain god of the Jasa tribe. It is two days' walk from Ragya Monastery, through the Sharlung Valley ([[shar lung]]), across the Machu River. (See Rock, 1956). [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − |
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| − | Amogha Pasha ([[don yod zhags pa]]). A tantra belonging to Kriya Yoga also known as Meaningful Lasso Tantra. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Amoghasiddhi (don (yod) grub (pa)). 'Unfailing Accomplishment', n. of a Buddha, Lord of Action Family. [RY]
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| − |
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| − | Amoghasiddhi ([[don grub]]) one of the Five Dhyanibuddhas. [RY]
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| − | Amoghasiddhi ([[don yod grub pa]]). The chief buddha of the karma family. The manifestation of [[All-accomplishing wisdom]]. [RY]
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| − | Amoghavajra - Eighth century tantric master in China; also active in Sri Lanka [RY]
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| − | Amravati - Buddhist center in souther India; home of a famous Stupa and a major Buddhist school of art [RY]
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| − | Amrita ([[bdud rtsi]]). lit. 'Deathless': nectar, ambrosia (conferring immortality or other powers). [RY]
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| − | AMRITA ([[bdud rtsi]]). Same as 'Nectar Quality,' the heruka of the ratna family among the [[Eight Sadhana Teachings]] and the tantric teachings connected with that deity. [AL] [RY]
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| − |
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| − | Amrita ([[bdud rtsi]]). The 'nectar of immortality,' the drink of the gods. [RY]
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| − | Amrita {sman}. Inner offering which symbolizes the five meats and the five nectars. [RY]
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| − |
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| − | AMRITA AND RAKTA ([[sman rak]]). Two types of blessed substance used on the shrine in [[Vajrayana]] rituals.[AL] [RY]
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| − |
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| − | Amrita and rakta. [RY]
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| − |
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| − | Amrita Medicine ([[bdud rtsi sman]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | An Shih-kao - Second century Parthian monk who founded translation center at Lo-yang in China [RY]
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| − | Analytical meditation {[[dpyad sgom]]}. Meditation practice where whatever thought that occurs in the mind is analyzed. [RY]
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| − | Ananda ([[kun dga' bo]]) - 1) One of the ten close disciples of the Buddha. The Buddha's personal attendant, who recited the Sutras at the First Council and served as the second patriarch in the oral transmission of Dharma. 2) The cousin of the Buddha Shakyamuni who became his attendant. After the Buddha passed away he preserved the teachings by remembering everything that the Buddha had said. 3) A cousin, and long-time attendant of [[Buddha Shakyamuni]]. Ananda was noted for his great learning and was present at most of the Buddha's preachings. He was said to remember all the sutras, and to have recited them at the time of their compilation. [RY]
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| − | Anathapindada, (alt. sp. Anathapindika) Garden of - A garden in the Jeta Grove near Shravasti, where [[Buddha Shakyamuni]] gave numerous sermons. So named because it was donated to Buddha by the elder Anathapindada. See Jeta Grove. [RY]
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| − | Anathapindika (alt. sp. Anathapindada) ([[mgon med zas sbyin]]): one of the most generous benefactors of Lord Buddha. He acquired the Jetavana Grove at Sravasti and built in it a monastery where the Buddha and his disciples spent their yearly rainy-season retreat for nineteen years. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Anavatapta – [[naga]] Anavatapta, "Who Never Warms Up " ([[ma dros pa]]). [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Ancient ([[rnying ma]]) and the New ([[gsar ma]]) Traditions correspond to the "early" and the "later" stages of translating Buddhist scriptures into Tibetan. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Ancient Kings of Tibet - The ancient kings of Tibet, descended from the Licchavis of India, ruled Tibet for hundreds of years. There were five dynasties which reigned before the great [[Dharma Kings]]: the Seven Khri beginning with [[gnya' khri]]; the Two [[ltengs]]; the Eight [[lde]]; and the Five [[btsan], the last of whom was [[lho tho tho ri gnyan btsan]]. During his reign, the [[Dharma]] entered Tibet in the form of Buddhist [[relics]], [[dharanis]], [[texts]], and [[mantras]]. Although the king did not understand the full significance of these things, he recognized the holiness of these objects, and so kept and preserved them carefully. After lha tho tho ri, four kings ruled before the first of the Dharma Kings: [[khri gnyan gzungs btsan]], [['bro gnang lde]], [[stag ri gnang gzigs]], and [[gnam ri srong btsan]]. [RY]
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| − | Ang ([[ang]]). An exclamation of deepfelt sadness. [RY]
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| − | Anguli Mala ([[sor mo phreng ba]]). A disciple of the Buddha who murdered 999 people, was converted and became an [[arhant]]. [RY]
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| − | Angulimala Sutra ([[sor phreng gi mdo]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Anoratha - Eleventh century king of Pagan who united Burma and converted to [[Theravadin Buddhism]]; also known as [[Anawrahta]] and [[Aniruddha]] [RY]
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| − | antelope ([[gtsod]]) - The extremely hard horn of a the antelope (gtsod) is used as a tool to break clods of earth. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Anu ([[rjes su]] ([[rnal 'byor]]). The second of the [[three inner tantras]]: [[maha yoga]], [[anu yoga]], and [[ati yoga]]. It emphasizes the [[completion stage]] and the [[mandala]] as being contained within the [[vajra body]]. Same as '[[Lung Anu Yoga]].' [RY]
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| − | Anu ([[rjes su]]). See 'Anu yoga.' [RY]
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| − | Anu {[[a nu]]}. The second of the three inner tantras corresponding to the eighth of the nine vehicles. [RY]
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| − | Anu Yoga ([[rjes su rnal 'byor]]) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Anu Yoga ([[rjes su rnal 'byor]]) means subsequent yoga. [RY]
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| − | Anu Yoga ([[rjes su rnal 'byor]]). The second of the Three Inner Tantras, Maha, Anu and Ati. It emphasizes knowledge (prajna) rather than means (upaya) and the completion stage rather than the development stage. The view of Anu Yoga is that liberation is attained through growing accustomed to the insight into the nondual nature of space and wisdom. The Anu Yoga mandala is regarded as contained within the vajra body. Anu means 'subsequent.'[AL] [RY]
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| − | Anu Yoga ([[rjes su rnal 'byor]]); as Mother Tantra [LWx] [RY]
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| − | Anu Yoga 1. ([[rjes su rnal 'byor]]). The second of the Three Inner Tantras. It emphasizes knowledge (prajna) rather than means (upaya) and the completion stage rather than the development stage. The view of Anu Yoga is that liberation is attained through growing accustomed to the insight into the nondual nature of space and wisdom. According to The Pool of White Lotus Flowers by Shechen Gyaltsab, the teachings of Anu Yoga appeared in this world when King Jah, a Dharma king also known as Lungten Dorje, Vajra Prophesy, received empowerment and instruction from the Lord of Secrets through which he gained full comprehension of the meaning. The scriptural lineage he received from the human vidyadhara Vimalakirti. The major texts of Anu Yoga are the Four Scriptures and the Summation. King Jah transmitted the Anu Yoga teachings to the master Uparaja, his own sons Shakputri, Nagaputri and Guhyaputri. Later lineage masters include Singhaputra, Kukuraja the Second, and Rolang Dewa (Garab Dorje). [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Anu Yoga 2. All the masters up to this point attained enlightenment together with their retinue and departed from this world without leaving a body behind. The dissolution of the physical body can also be attained through accomplishment in the mundane practices of essence-extract, manipulation of and control over the vital essences ([[bindu]]) or through prana mastery, but the accomplishment attained through the practice of Anu Yoga is superior because of transmuting the physical body of karmic ripening into luminosity by means of the practice connected to the nonconceptual wakefulness of the path of seeing. Subsequent masters in the transmission of Anu Yoga include Vajrahasya, Prabhahasti, Shakya Little Light, Shakyamitra and Shakya Senge (Padmasambhava). [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Anu Yoga 3. In India, Padmasambhava transmitted the teachings to Master Hungkara. From him the lineage continued to Dewa Seldzey, Dharmabodhi, Dharma Rajapala, Vasudhara of Nepal, Tsuklag Palgey, and finally Chetsen Kye from the country of Drusha who translated the Anu Yoga teachings into the Drusha language. This is the lineage that the translator Sangye Yeshe of Nub brought to Tibet. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Anuradhapura - Capital of Sri Lanka at the time of Ashoka' mission [RY]
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| − | Anustubh. 'Praise', n. of a Skt verse meter [RY]
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| − | Anuttara (bla na med pa). The 'unexcelled,' the highest; especially anuttara yoga, the fourth of the four sections of tantra according to the New Schools. [RY]
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| − | Anuttara Vehicle (theg pa bla na med pa). Next. [RY]
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| − | Anuttara Yoga (rnal 'byor bla med) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Anuttara. See Unexcelled [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Anuttara-yoga tantra (rnal 'byor bla med kyi rgyud). 'Highest Yoga Tantra', highest of the four levels of Tantra. [RY]
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| − | Anuttarayoga Tantras are themselves divided into three sections: Father, Mother, and Non-dual. The Father Tantras are concerned with the Developing Stage, and the Mother Tantras are concerned with the Perfecting Stage. Father Tantra may be related to Mahayoga, Mother Tantra to Anuyoga, and Nondual Tantra to Atiyoga. Realization can be gained within three human lives. [RY]
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| − | Anuyoga - First of the three Tantras of the rNying ma tradition [RY]
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| − | Anuyoga - see Tantra. [RY]
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| − | Anuyoga (rjes su rnal 'byor). The second of the three inner tantras: maha, anu, and ati. It emphasizes the completion stage and the mandala as being contained within the vajra body. [RY]
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| − | Anuyoga Tantras are based on the mDo section of the bKa' ma. The root text is the gongs pa 'dus pa; important texts include the five Anuyoga sutras. Emphasis is on the unity of appearances and openness. [RY]
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| − | Anuyoga. [RY]
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| − | Aperture of Brahma (tshangs bug, brahmarandra). The opening at the top of one's head eight fingers above the hair line. [RY]
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| − | Apparent luminosity (snang ba'i 'od gsal). The luminosity of the manifest aspect. Compare with empty luminosity. [RY]
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| − | Appearance (snang ba). 1) A sense impression or mental occurrence; anything that is experienced by a conscious mind. A normal person always feels that appearances are 'out there' and separate from the perceiver, while in the Buddhist philosophy of Mahayana appearances are understood first to be only mental events, then empty of inherent existence, and finally beyond constructs such as arising, dwelling and ceasing. In Vajrayana, i.e. from the viewpoint of self-existing wakefulness, appearances are primordially indivisible from emptiness and therefore a pure expression of the male and female buddhas and bodhisattvas; this is called 'all-encompassing purity of what appears and exists.' 2) One of the three subtle dissolution stages. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]
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| − | appearance and existence (snang srid) expl. [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Appearance and existence (snang srid). Appearance is the vessel-like world and existence is the contents-like sentient beings. (H.H. Dilgo Khyentse). Also, it can means "all that appears and exists" ([[snang tshad srid tshad]]) [RY]
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| − | Appearance and existence (snang srid). The world and the sentient beings; whatever can be experienced, the five elements, and has the possibility of existence, the five aggregates. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Appearance and existence (snang srid). Whatever can be experienced [the five elements] and has a possibility of existence [the five aggregates]. This term usually refers to the world and sentient beings. [RY]
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| − | Appearance, increase and attainment (snang mched thob gsum). The three stages in the process of dissolution either at the moment of dying or when falling asleep. [RY]
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| − | appearance, increase, and attainment (snang mched thob gsum) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | application of the activities (las sbyor) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Application of the activities (las sbyor). Refers chiefly to the four activities of pacifying, increasing, magnetizing and subjugating. [RY]
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| − | Approach (bsnyen pa). See 'four aspects of approach and accomplishment.' [RY]
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| − | approach and accomplishment (bsnyen sgrub) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Approach and accomplishment (bsnyen sgrub). See 'Four aspects of approach and accomplishment.' [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Approach and accomplishment (bsnyen sgrub). Two aspects of sadhana practice. Especially phases in the recitation stage according to Mahayoga Tantra. [RY]
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| − | Approach and accomplishment (bsnyen sgrub). Two aspects of sadhana practice. Especially phases in the recitation stage. [RY]
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| − | APPROACH AND ACCOMPLISHMENT (bsnyen sgrub). Two aspects of sadhana practice, in particular, phases in the recitation stage according to Mahayoga Tantra.[AL] [RY]
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| − | approach and accomplishment (bsnyen sgrub); expl.; explaining the four aspects of Guru Dragpo; four aspects of; [LWx] [RY]
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| − | Approach, accomplishment and activities (bsnyen sgrub las gsum). The aspects of the recitation part of sadhana practice connected to the development stage. [RY]
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| − | Approaching the Ultimate (don dam bsnyen pa) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Arapatsana mantra - The root mantra of the peaceful Manjusri, om a ra pa tsa na dhi. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Ardha-paryanka (skyil krung phyed pa). 'Half-cross legged' position, as Taras 8 and 21 (Part Two). [RY]
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| − | Arge Samten. The first Ngaktrin Rinpoche who was the retreat master at Palpung Monastery. [RY]
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| − | Argham (Skt.). Sanskrit for drinking water. [RY]
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| − | Arhant (dgra bcom pa), fem. Arhanti (dgra bcom ma). One who has attained Nirvana. Pali Arahant. [RY]
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| − | Arhant (dgra bcom pa). 'Foe destroyer;' someone who has conquered the four maras and attained nirvana, the fourth and final result of the Hinayana path. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]
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| − |
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| − | Arhant (dgra bcom pa). 'Foe destroyer;' someone who has conquered the four maras and attained nirvana, the fourth and final result of the Hinayana path. [ZL] [RY]
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| − |
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| − | Arhant (dgra bcom pa). 'Foe destroyer;' someone who has conquered the four Maras and attained the fourth and final result of the Hinayana path. [RY]
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| − | Arhat - One who attains in Northern Burma that may have been influenced by Buddhist Tantra *?* [RY]
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| − | Arhat {dgra bcom pa}. To become an Arhat is the final goal of the Shravakayana. It is a peaceful state beyond rebirth but is not perfect enlightenment. [RY]
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| − | Arik Geshe Chatral Ngawang Sönam (A rig dge shes bya bral nga dbang bsod rnam) founded Ganden Chökhorling Monastery (dga' ldan chos 'khor gling.) [MR]
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| − | Aro [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Aro Yeshe Jungney (a ro ye shes 'byung gnas) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Arousing at dawn from the sleep of ignorance (tho rangs ma rig gnyid skrog). A practice to be done immediately upon waking up. [RY]
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| − | Arrangement of Samaya (dam tshig bkod pa). See Eighteen Mahayoga Tantras. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Arrangement of the Three Samayas (dam tshig gsum bkod) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Array of Flowers {me tog bkram pa}. Name of a future aeon during which the Secret Mantra will flourish. [RY]
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| − | Arrayed in Turquoise Petals (g.yu lo bkod pa'i zhing), the Buddhafield of Arya Tara. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Arura (Skt.). Medicinal plant endowed with many wonderful qualities. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Arya ('phags ma). Feminine of Arya. [RY]
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| − | Arya ('phags pa) Lit. 'exalted'. [RY]
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| − | Arya ('phags pa). A Noble Being, or Saint - one who has realized the Path of direct Insight into Ultimate Reality. [RY]
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| − | Arya Nang. [RY]
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| − | Arya Ratnamegha Sutra ('phags pa dkon mchog sprin gyi mdo). See Clouds of Precious Jewels) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Arya Sadaprarudita (rtag tu ngu) Lit. 'Ever weeping'; a great Bodhisattva in the Prajnaparamita literature who manifested great fortitude in attempting to obtain the Prajnaparamita teachings during the time of the Buddha Dharmodgata. [RY]
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| − | Arya Tara ('phags ma sgrol ma). A female buddha. [RY]
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| − | Aryadeva - Disciple of Nagarjuna; author of many famous commentaries [RY]
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| − | Aryadeva ('phags pa'i lha). One of the important Buddhist philosophers of India and a disciple of Nagarjuna. [RY]
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| − | Aryadeva ('phags pa'i lha). One of the important Buddhist philosophers of India and a disciple of Nagarjuna whose writings he explained extensively.[EMP] [RY]
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| − | Aryadeva {'phags pa lha}. Indian master who was one of the seven spiritual sons of Nagarjuna. [RY]
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| − | Aryadeva; ('phags pa lha) According to the legend, Aryadeva was born from a lotus flower in a garden of the king of Singala. According to Chandrakirti he was born as the son of King Pancasrnaga of Singhala. Soon, Aryadeva renounced his regency, embrassed monastic life and became a disciple of the illustrious master Nagarjuna in South India. At one point there was a Hindu logician named Asvagosha. He had vision his tutelary deity, Ishvara, and requested him the boon of invincibility in debate. Asvagosha went ot Nalanda and started humiliating the Buddhist monks there. The monks supplicated their protector Mahakala to help them send a letter to Nagarjuna, following which Mahakala manifested as a crow and took the letter. [MR]
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| − | Aryas' seven Treasures (dhana, 'phags (pa'i)nor). Faith, morality, conscience, consideration, learning, generosity and wisdom. [RY]
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| − | Asanga - with Nagarjuna, one of the founders of the Mahayana shastra tradition; a direct student of the Bodhisattva Maitreya [RY]
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| − | Asanga (T: thogs med pa) A fourth century Buddhist teacher, one of the founders of the Yogacara school of Buddhism. [Rain of Wisdom]
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| − | Asanga (thogs med). A great Indian master of philosophy who was a direct disciple of Maitreya. [RY]
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| − | Asanga 1. (thogs med). Asanga was born as the son of an exceedingly learned brahmin woman who was herself the rebirth of a monk blessed by Avalokiteshvara. Having mastered most of the scriptures of the Tripitaka, before undertaking the study of the Transcendence of Wisdom he decided to take up on actual spiritual practice. Yet, after twelve years of meditation upon Maitreya he still had no signs of realization. Utterly dismayed, he walked away from his cave. Soon, he came across a half-dead bitch whose lower half was infested with worms. Great compassion arose in Asanga. To save the bitch without killing the worms, Asanga cut a strip of his own flesh to feed the worms and closing his eyes set on removing them from the bitch's wounds with his tongue, so as to not harm them. When, doing so, he could not reach them he opened his eyes he beheld not the bitch but Maitreya, radiant, displaying the marks and signs of a perfect Buddha. [RY]
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| − | Asanga 2. Asanga exclaimed, "O my sole father, all those years I have been constantly meditating upon you and calling you, yet you did not come!" Maitreya spoke: "I was in you presence continually, yet because of your karmic veils you were unable to see me. Now, through your cutting off your own flesh our of great compassion, your obscurations have been purified." Then Maitreya took Asanga for fifty years in Tushita heaven and gave to Asanga the Mahayana teachings. following which Asanga wrote down the Five Teachings of Maitreya;. Later, having come back on earth he wrote many more treatises, performed countless miracles and converted to the Mahayana his younger brother, Vasubandhu, himself one of the greatest sage and erudite of all times. [MR]
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| − | Asanga, Buddhapalita, Vasubandhu, Dignaga, Aryadeva (450): fifth century. [MR]
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| − | Asanga; system of bodhichitta [LWx] [RY]
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| − | Ashoka - Great Dharma king of India, active in propagating the teachings [RY]
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| − | Ashoka (mya ngan med pa, mya ngan 'tshang). The three Jonesia asoka, with magnificent red flowers, Lit. 'sorrowless' [RY]
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| − | aspiration and application; expl. [LWx] [RY]
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| − | Aspiration for Purifying the Realm of the Three Kayas (sku gsum zhing sbyong smon lam). Written by Jigmey Lingpa. [RY]
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| − | Aspiration of Mahamudra (phyag chen smon lam). [EMP] [RY]
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| − | Assemblage of Knowledge Scripture (kun 'dus rig pa'i mdo). An Anu Yoga scripture. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Assemblage of Mother Deities (ma mo 'dus pa). [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Assemblage of Realization (dgongs 'dus) Body Tantra of [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Assemblage of Secrets (gsang ba 'dus pa). A Mahayoga scripture. Vol. TSA of the Nyingma Gyübum. Sometimes counted among the Eighteen Mahayoga Tantras as the tantra of enlightened mind. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Assemblage of Sugatas (bde gshegs 'dus pa). 'Deshek Düpa.' Important cycle of teachings connected to the Sadhana Section of Mahayoga. The tantras belonging to this cycle are found in Vol. OM of the Nyingma Gyübum as well as in the revelations of Nyang Ral Nyima Özer. These teachings were transmitted by Samantabhadra, manifest in the form of the peaceful Vajrasattva and wrathful Chemchok Heruka. The Lord of Secrets compiled and entrusted them to the dakini Leykyi Wangmo. She concealed these tantras in the stupa Enchanting Mound (bde byed brtsegs pa) and later transmitted them to the Eight Vidyadharas, one teaching to each master: Manjushri Body to Manjushrimitra, Lotus Speech to Nagarjuna, Vishuddha Mind to Hungkara, Nectar Quality to Vimalamitra, Kilaya Activity to Prabhahasti, Liberating Sorcery of Mother Deities to Dhana Sanskrita, Maledictory Fierce Mantra to Shintam Garbha, and Mundane Worship to Guhyachandra. Each of these vidyadharas later transmitted their teachings to Padmasambhava who then became the main holder of all. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Assemblage of the Peaceful and Wrathful Sugatas. [Daki] [RY]
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| − | Assembly sadhana (tshogs sgrub). A group sadhana practice usually involving a great number of people and lasting for several days. [RY]
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| − | Assumed instructions {mos khrid}. This is given when one is not actually capable of doing the practice but one aspires to do so. [RY]
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| − | Asura (lha ma yin, lha min). A class of beings slightly inferior to devas, who live within sight of a deva realm and are plagued by envy of their neighbors. [RY]
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| − | Asura (Skt.). The demi-gods who always fight with the gods. One of the six classes of beings. [RY]
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| − | Asura Cave (a su ra'i brag phug). The cave where Guru Rinpoche subdued the evil forces of Nepal through the practice of Vajra Kilaya. Situated near Pharping in the Kathmandu valley. [RY]
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| − | Asvagosha; (slob dpon dpa' bo) [MR]
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| − | At 4600 meters, and with 320 sqare kilometers, Lake Manasarovar is the highest large body of fresh water in the world. Its other names are the Unvanquished Turquoise Lake (ma pham g.yu mtsho), Anavatapta, the Ever-cool Lake (mtsho ma dros pa), and the Divine Lotus Lake (padma lha mtsho). It is called the Unvanquished Lake because when one examines all the other great lakes of Tibet to see if they possess the eight qualities of perfect water (chu yan lag brgyad ldan) they are faulty in some respect. It is called Turquoise Lake because its limpid waters resemble a turquoise mandala. It is given the name Ever- cool Lake because it is the palace of the naga king Anavatapta, "Who Never Warms Up." It is called Divine Lotus Lake because it resembles a fully opened eight-petaled lotus. See MK, pp. 65-73 and 109. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Ati (shin tu rnal 'byor). The third of the three inner tantras. Same as 'Dzogchen.' [RY]
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| − | Ati Kopa (a ti bkod pa). A Maha Ati tantra. [RY]
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| − | Ati Yoga (shin tu rnal 'byor) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Ati Yoga (shin tu rnal 'byor) means perfect yoga. [RY]
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| − | Ati Yoga (shin tu rnal 'byor). The third of the Three Inner Tantras. It emphasizes, according to Jamgön Kongtrül the First, the view that liberation is attained through growing accustomed to insight into the nature of primordial enlightenment, free from accepting and rejecting, hope and fear. The more common word for Ati Yoga nowadays is 'Dzogchen,' the Great Perfection. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]
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| − | Ati yoga (shin tu rnal 'byor). The third of the three inner tantras. Same as 'Dzogchen.' [RY]
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| − | Ati Yoga (shin tu rnal 'byor). The third of the Three Inner Tantras. According to Jamgön Kongtrül the First, it emphasizes the view that liberation is attained through growing accustomed to insight into the nature of primordial enlightenment, free from accepting and rejecting, hope and fear. The more common word for Ati Yoga nowadays is 'Dzogchen,' the Great Perfection. Ati means 'supreme.'[AL] [RY]
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| − | Ati Yoga (shin tu rnal 'byor); as Nondual Tantra; meaning of; threefold wisdom of [LWx] [RY]
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| − | Ati Yoga 1. (shin tu rnal 'byor). The third of the Three Inner Tantras. It emphasizes, according to Jamgön Kongtrül the First, the view that liberation is attained through growing accustomed to insight into the nature of primordial enlightenment, free from accepting and rejecting, hope and fear. The more common word for Ati Yoga nowadays is 'Dzogchen.' The Ati Yoga teachings first appeared in this world to Garab Dorje in the country of Uddiyana to the west of India. According to The Narration of the Precious Revelation of the Terma Treasures by Longchen Rabjam (p. 87-88), the great master Padmasambhava described the teaching of Ati Yoga in the following way before imparting them to Yeshe Tsogyal: "It is an instruction unlike any I have given in the past, the summit that transcends all of the nine gradual vehicles. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Ati Yoga 2. By seeing its vital point, mind-made views and meditations are shattered. The paths and levels are perfected with no need for struggle. Disturbing emotions are liberated into their natural state without any need for reform or remedy. This instruction brings realization of a fruition within oneself that is not produced from causes. It instantly brings forth spontaneously present realization, liberates the material body of flesh and blood into the luminous sambhogakaya within this very lifetime, and enables you to capture the permanent abode, the precious dharmakaya realm of spontaneous presence, within three years, in the domain of Akanishtha. I possess such an instruction and I shall teach it to you!" See also Great Perfection and Dzogchen. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Atiyoga - The highest of the three inner Tantra of the rNying ma tradition, known in Tibetan as rDzogs chen [RY]
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| − | Atiyoga Tantras are based on the Sems section of the bKa' ma; these are the Absolute Perfection teachings. They are divided into three parts: the Sems sde, or Mind section; the Klong sde, or Unending Experience of Being section; and the Man ngag gi sde, or Guidance section which contains the sNying thing, the 'Quintessential Instructions'. The first of the Ati realizations: Chos nyid mngon gsum; second realization: Nyams snang gong; third: Rig pa tshad phebs; fourth and highest: Chos nyid zad pa. The Ati is also divided into vision, meditation, action, and fruit. [RY]
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| − | Atisha (jo bo rje) - Eleventh century [982-1054 CE] Indian pandita from Vikramashila who spent the last twelve years of his life in Tibet; also known as Dipamkarashrijnana [RY]
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| − | Atisha {a ti sha}. Jowo Je Palden Atisha, also called Dipamkara Shri Jnana (982-1054). [RY]
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| − | Atisha Dipamkara (Skt.). Eleventh century Indian pandita from Vikramashila who spent the last twelve years of his life in Tibet. Founding forefather of the Kadampa School of Tibetan Buddhism; also known as Dipamkara Shrijnana and Jowo Jey (jo bo rje). [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Atsamana (a tsa ma na). An exclamation of deep sadness. [RY]
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| − | Atsara (a tsa ra). An Indian wandering medicant. [RY]
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| − | Atsara Yeshe (a tsar ye shes). Same as Atsara Yeshe Yang of Ba. See under Yeshe Yang. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Atsara Yeshe Yang of Ba (sba a tsar ye shes dbyangs). Early Tibetan translator. Atsara is a corrupt form of the Sanskrit word 'acharya.' See under Yeshe Yang. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Atsara, a common name for Indian wandering ascetics, or sadhus, which is a distortion of the Sanskrit word acharya, meaning "master." [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | Attainment (thob pa). The third of the three experiences of appearance, increase and attainment. [RY]
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| − | Attainment (thob pa). The third of the three experiences of appearance, increase and attainment. This experience corresponds to the dissolving of the seven thought states resulting from stupidity and is accompanied by a perception of darkness. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]
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| − | Attainment of the Vidyadhara Life" teachings (rig 'dzin srog sgrub) by Lhatsün Namkhai Jigme [RY]
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| − | attendant (mgron gnyer, lit. the "one who looks after the guests") [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| − | attention (yid byed) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | attention of discernment (dpyod pa yid byed) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | attention of taking delight (dga' ba sdud pa'i yid byed) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | attention of the basis of application (sbyor ba'i mtha' yid la byed pa) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | attention of the result of the basis of application (sbyor ba'i mtha'i 'bras bu yid byed) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | attention resulting from interest (mos pa las byung ba'i yid byed) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | attention resulting from total seclusion (rab tu dben pa las byung ba'i yid byed) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | attention that fully discriminates characteristics (mtshan nyid rab tu 'byed pa'i yid byed) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Attitude {kun klong}. Literally means all-aroused. From among all thoughts one arouses a special thought. [RY]
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| − | Attractions, four samgraha, or Means of Attraction samgraha-vastu, (bsdu ba'i dngos po bzhi). Giving, pleasant speech, helping, and consistency. [RY]
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| − | Attribute (mtshan ma). [RY]
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| − | Auspicious Lamp Tantra (bkra shis sgron ma'i rgyud). One of The Twenty-five Tantras of the Great Perfection taught by Shri Singha to Vairochana. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Auspicious Melody [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Authoritative scriptures (gzhung). Books on philosophy with established validity. [RY]
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| − | Avadhuti (Skt). The central subtle channel within the body. It runs from the base of the spine to the crown of the head. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]
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| − | Avalokita (spyan ras gzigs). 'He who looks down from on high', n. of a Bodhisattva, often called Avalokiteshvara (spyan ras gzigs dbang phyugs) 'Lord Avalokita', Aryavalokiteshvara 'Noble Lord A.', etc. [RY]
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| − | Avalokiteshvara (spyan ras gzigs) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Avalokiteshvara (spyan ras gzigs) known as the Bodhisattva of Compassion, he is an emanation of the Dhyanibuddha Amitabha. Avalokiteshvara manifested in Tibet as King Srong btsan sgam po in order to help the Tibetan people and to lay the foundation for the spread of the Dharma. [RY]
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| − | Avalokiteshvara (spyan ras gzigs) The bodhisattva of compassion; an emanation of Buddha Amitabha. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Avalokiteshvara (spyan ras gzigs). 1) The buddha of compassion. 2) One of the eight main bodhisattvas. [RY]
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| − | Avalokiteshvara. The bodhisattva of compassion; an emanation of Buddha Amitabha. One of the eight main bodhisattvas. [Primer] [RY]
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| − | Avalokiteshvara; his entrustment of Tibet [LWx] [RY]
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| − | Avatamsaka Sutra (mdo phal po che). A sutra belonging to the third turning of the Wheel of Dharma. Published as Flower Adornment Sutra, Shambhala Publications. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Avatamsaka Sutra (phal po che) [LW1] [RY]
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| − | Avichi hell (mnar med kyi dmyal ba). The lowest of the eight hot hells. [RY]
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| − | Avici (mnar med). The hottest hell. [RY]
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| − | Avici {mnar med}. The hell with the most intense suffering, where those who have violated samaya are born. [RY]
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| − | Awakened mind (byang chub kyi sems, bodhichitta). See bodhichitta. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Awakening (bodhi, byang chub). Enlightenment. [RY]
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| − | Awakening from the Sleep of Ignorance (ma rig gnyid skrog). A practice to be done immediately upon waking up. [RY]
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| − | Awareness (rig pa). 1) In the context of 'stillness, occurrence, and awareness,' it means to notice whatever takes place in one's mind, be it stillness or thought occurrence. 2) When referring to the view of the Great Perfection, Dzogchen or Mahamudra, it means consciousness devoid of ignorance and dualistic fixation. [RY]
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| − | Awareness (rig pa). When referring to the view of the Great Perfection 'awareness' means consciousness devoid of ignorance and dualistic fixation. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Awareness (rig pa). When referring to the view of the Great Perfection or Essence Mahamudra, 'awareness' means consciousness devoid of ignorance and dualistic fixation. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]
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| − | Awareness Cuckoo Scripture (rig pa khu byug gi lung). A tantra belonging the Mind Section of the Great Perfection. Vol. KA of the Nyingma Gyübum. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | Awareness discipline (rig pa rtul zhugs). Action free from accepting and rejecting. [RY]
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| − | Awesome Wisdom Lightning (ye shes rngams glog). See Eighteen Mahayoga Tantras. [ZL] [RY]
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| − | ayatana (T: skye mched; sense field)
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| − | Ayodhya. The capital of Kosala. [RY]
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| − | Ayu Khandro, Dorje Palden: 1839-1953 [MR]
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| − | Azom Drukpa (A 'dzom 'brug pa): 1842-1924 [MR]
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| − | Azom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje: 1895- [MR]
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| − | Azure Queen Mountain (mthon mthing rgyal mo) also known as the Peak of the Five Sisters of Long Life (tshe ring mched lnga) and as Gaurishankar in Nepali, is a beautiful snow peak of triangular shape (7146 m), east of Lapchi. It is considered to be the palace of Tseringma and her sisters. [MR-ShabkarNotes]
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| + | [[Category: Glossary]][[Category: Dictionary]][[Category: Key Terms]][[Category: Teachings]] |
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| − | -A Work in Progress- --[[User:Richard|Richard]] 05:37, 27 January 2006 (EST)[RWB]
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| − | [[Category: Glossary]][[Category: Dictionary]] | + | --(A Work in Progress) --[[User:Richard|Richard]] 04:32, 16 April 2009 (UTC)-- |
