ba sha ka

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བ་ཤ་ཀ
[Skt] bashaka field herb med. [IW]

veronica ciliata fisch., plant justicia ganderussa, adhatoda vasica [JV]

(Sanskrit) bashaka, med. field herb [bitter, cooling, by its power clearing away khrag tshad. syn: khrag skem dang, khrag 'thung, ba ta ba sha, bi ka sha ya, ma ta pa rni.] [IW]

(med) Malabar nut. Fumeworts
Synonyms : ba sha ka, chos, bri shya, byi ba, bri sha, ro tsa ba, ma ha parni, pi ka sha ya, ba ta ba sha, khrag skem, khrag 'thung (Shel gong), khrong ba sha ka dkar po (Wangchuk 2011 Bhutan), shing ba sha ka (Kletter 2001)
Sankrit : vāsaka (Dash 1989)
ba sha ka yis khrag tshad rol du gsod / ces par rang byung pas / ba sha ka yis khrag nad sel / zhes gsungs / ming ni / ba sha ka / chos / bri shya / byi ba / bri sha / [248] ro tsa ba / ma ha parni / pi ka sha ya / ba ta ba sha zer / gab tu / khrag skem / khrag 'thung zer / 'khrungs dper / ba sha ka zhes bya ba'i shing / sdong po che la lo ma mthug / me tog dkar ser mdangs dang ldan / ro ni kha la nu pa bsil / rang gi nus pas gzer rigs thub / mdor na mchin tshad khrag mkhris sel / zhes bzhin lo sdong che ba star gsar 'dra ba'i rkang khong gsob pa / gel mtshams bya'i sug pa ltar tshigs kyi rnam pa can / me tog dkar ser 'char ba ste / rtse mos tshod ma byed pa yin / dkar dmar sngo ba rigs gsum yod pa mchog go / dman pa ni bod du skye ba lo ma rkang sogs bye rug ser po 'dra zhing me tog ser po dang sngon po 'char bar yang mchog dman gyi khyad par che ba yin / de dag mi skye sar sngo ldum g.yu sngong gser mgos tshab rung tsam ste / rang byung rdo rjes / g.yu sngong gser mgos gdon tshad sel / zhes pa ni lo ma dang me tog gi dbyibs stong ri zil pa 'dra rung / me tog ser po sdong bu gru bzhi ring la ro kha ba / lo sdong bcad 'phro khrag dron nang du bcug pas 'thung la rtser 'dren nus pa'o / gzhan 'khrungs dpe dang ro nus gang la'ang mi dpyed par / ldum dom mkhris pa dang / brag skyes yu mo za dang / ldum bu 'bras snye ma zhes sdong po ring la lo ma ra mnye 'dra ba mgo la snye ma yod pa la byed pa dang / bod sne la byed pa rnams ni log chos 'ba' zhig yin zhes nam mkha'i mtshan can gsungs so // (Shel gong shel phreng, pdf p 247.6)

Illustrations : Dawa 1999. 'Phrin Las 1987 (27_060) ba sha ka (27_061) ba sha ka bod. 'Jam-dpal (print p 132) rgya gar ba sha ka, a mdo, [smad?] sog, shing ba sha ka

ba sha ka mchog
1. Justicia adhatoda L. (Acanthaceae) Malabar nut (Wangyal 2020)
2. Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. (Acanthaceae) Willow-leafed justicia (Molvray 1988 H). Reported name par pa da'i rtsa ba. Cited from northern sources in Molvray (1988).
3. Phlogacanthus pubinervius T.Anderson (Acanthaceae) (Dawa 1999)
4. Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis (Roxb. ex Hardw.) Mabb. (Acanthaceae) (Wangchuk 2011 Bhutan). Reported name khrog ba sha ka.
ba sha ka dman pa
1. Corydalis stracheyi Duthie ex Prain (Papaveraceae) Fumewort, (Wangchuk 2008 Bhutan). Reported name : ldum ba sha ka.
2. Corydalis adunca Maxim. (Papaveraceae) Fumewort (Kletter 2001)
3. Corydalis delphinioides Fedde (Papaveraceae) Fumewort (Kletter 2001)
4. Corydalis hookeri Prain (Papaveraceae) Fumewort (Kletter 2001)
5. Corydalis impatiens (Pall.) Fisch. ex DC. (Papaveraceae) Fumewort (Kletter 2001)
6. Corydalis ophiocarpa Hook.f. & Thomson (Papaveraceae) Fumewort (Kletter 2001)
7. Corydalis tongolensis Franch. (Papaveraceae) Fumewort (Kletter 2001)
8. Corydalis yunnanensis Franch. (Papaveraceae) Fumewort (Kletter 2001)
9. Chelonopsis souliei (Bonati) Merr. (Lamiaceae) (Wangyal 2020). Of the mint-family, but flowers reminds Acanthaceae.
10. Veronica sp. (Plantaginaceae ) (Dawa 1999)
11. Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Thunb.) H.Deane (Lamiaceae) (Kletter 2001)
12. Odontites vulgaris Moench (Orobanchaceae) (Molvray 1988 G). Cited from a northern source in Molvray (1988).

The main type of the superior ba sha ka is Justicia adhatoda, a lowland shrub, together with other Acanthaceae. It is again divided in white, red and blue forms. The inferior type is described in the Shel gong shel phreng as growing in Tibet and resembling in leaves and flowers to stong ri zil pa, Corydalis spp.
"Shel gong classifies ba sha ka into two varieties of mchog (superior) and dman pa (inferior) and says, 'the dman pa (inferior) variety which grows in Tibet has stem and leaf similar to that of byi rug ser po (Elsholtzia densa); the flowers come in two colours of yellow and blue. It is further classified as mchog (superior) and dman-pa (inferior) according to its flower colour." (Dawa 1999)
Johannes Schmidt (talk) 08:39, 12 March 2024 (EDT)