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List of results

• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1724  + (one of the two types of paths of release of a Hearer's path of meditation; the other is: done in terms of a person who has gradual objects of abandonment (spang bya rim gyis pa'i dbang du byas pa))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1908  + (one of the two types of permanent phenomenon; the other is permanent phenomenon whose occurrence is not possible (yin pa mi srid pa'i rtag pa) an illustration is: object of knowledge (shes bya))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1303  +
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1275  + (one of the two types of prime cognizer; the other is: prime cognizer that induces ascertainment from another (gzhan las nges kyi tshad ma))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/722  + (one of the two types of prime cognizer (tshad ma); the other is prime cognizer for which ascertainment is induced from itself (rang las nges kyi tshad ma))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1469  + (one of the two types of subsequent cognizer (bcad shes); the other is direct subsequent cognizer (mngon sum bcad shes, pratyakSa-paricchinna-jJAna))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1430  + (one of the types of Proponents of Mind-Only (sems tsam pa, citta-mAtrin); for others see: [[sems tsam pa]])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1429  + (one of the types of Proponents of Mind-Only (sems tsam pa, citta-mAtrin); for others see: [[sems tsam pa]])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/545  + (one of the types of knowledge and awareness according to the threefold division)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/155  + (one of the types of knowledge and awareness (blo rig) according to the sevenfold division; for others see: [[blo rig]])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1909  + (permanent phenomenon whose occurence is no … permanent phenomenon whose occurence is not possible; Comment: There are two types of permanent phenomenon: permanent phenomenon whose occurence is possible (yin pa srid pa'i rtag pa), an illustration of which is the two, permanent and [functioning] thing (rtag dngos gnyis); and permanent phenomenon whose occurence is not possible, an illustration of which is not possible, an illustration of which is)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/364  + (phenomenon-constituent; Comment: Among the … phenomenon-constituent; Comment: Among the eighteen constituents, the "phenomenon-constituent" contains all phenomena not included in the other constituents, and thus all permanent phenomena, including thusness, or emptiness, are contained therein. Since all eighteen constituents are said to be bases of emptiness, thusness itself, or emptiness, must also be a basis of emptiness. The same is so for the phenomenon-sense-sphere (chos kyi skye mched, dharmAyatana) among the twelve sense-spheres.rmAyatana) among the twelve sense-spheres.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/316  + (potent creative cause; Comment: This is one of the two types of creative cause: potent creative cause (byed rgyu nus ldan)and importent creative cause (byed rgyu nus med).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/170  + (predispositions of the view of self; Comme … predispositions of the view of self; Comment: There are four types of predispositions in Ge-luk-b#a explanations of Mind-Only (sems tsam): predispositions of [perceptions of] similar type (rigs mthun gyi bag chags); predispositions of verbalization (mngon brjod kyi bag chags, abhilApavAsanA); predispositions of the view of self (bdag lta'i bag chags, AtmadRStivAsanA); predispositions of the branches of cyclic existence (srid pa'i yan lag gi bag chags, bhavAGgavAsanA.pa'i yan lag gi bag chags, bhavAGgavAsanA.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/62  + (production in three types; Comment: This i … production in three types; Comment: This is one of the three assertions concerning mental direct perceptions indicated on this occasion (skabs 'dir bstan gyi yid mngon): production only at the end of a continuum (rgyun mtha' kho nar skye ba); alternating production (spel mar skye ba); and production in three types ('gros gsum par skye ba).n in three types ('gros gsum par skye ba).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1342  + (production only at the end of a continuum; … production only at the end of a continuum; Comment: This is one of the three assertions concerning mental direct perceptions indicated on this occasion (skabs 'dir bstan gyi yid mngon): production only at the end of a continuum (rgyun mtha' kho nar skye ba); alternating production (spel mar skye ba); and production in three types ('gros gsum par skye ba).n in three types ('gros gsum par skye ba).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/40  + (refers to a phenomenon which is produced in dependence upon an aggregation of causes)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1479  + (rtsa nyon; Comment: For the six types, see rtsa nyon.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1119  + (same entity; Comment: This is one of the three types of sameness (gcig pa): same entity (ngo bo gcig pa); same self-isolate (rang ldog gcig pa); same type (rigs gcig pa).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1355  + (same type; Comment: This is one of the three types of sameness (gcig pa): same entity (ngo bo gcig pa); same self-isolate (rang ldog gcig pa); same type (rigs gcig pa).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/987  + (see: [[mi rtag pa'i chos]])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1235  + (self-isolate; one of the four types of iso … self-isolate; one of the four types of isolates; for others see: ldog paComment: The term "self-isolate" (rang ldog) is a similarly convenient way of referring just to the object itself, pot, and not any of illustrations, such as a copper pot, or its definition., such as a copper pot, or its definition.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1740  + (spyi'i mtshan nyid; Comment: This term is … spyi'i mtshan nyid; Comment: This term is used in two markedly different ways, generally characterized phenomenon and general character. Generally characterized phenomena (spyi mtshan) are solely permanent phenomena such as uncompounded space ('dus ma byas kyi nam mkha'). However, general characteristic, or general character, (spyi'i mtshan nyid) refers to a character of an object that is shared with other objects; for instance, impermanence is a general characteristic of consciousness (shes pa) and is also a general characteristic of form (gzugs). Similarly, specifically characterized phenomena (rang mtshan) are solely impermanent phenomena such as consciousness (shes pa) and form (gzugs), but the specific characteristic, or specific character, (rang gi mtshan nyid) of an object is its own definining character such as that which is luminous and knowing (gsal zhing rig pa), which is the definition of consciousness (shes pa), an impermanent phenomena; and the non-affirming negative which is a mere negation of obstructive contact (thogs reg bkag tsam gyi med dgag), which is the definition of uncompounded space, a permanent phenomena.uncompounded space, a permanent phenomena.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1773  + (the two types of proponents of the Middle Way School (mAdhyamika)\nI added English to English (T))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/451  + (virtue; Comment: Virtuous mental factors a … virtue; Comment: Virtuous mental factors are one of six main groupings of mental factors (sems byung, caitta): (1) five omnipresent (kun 'gro, sarvatraga) mental factors; (2) five determining (yul nges, viSaya-pratiniyama) mental factors; (3) eleven virtuous (dge ba, kuzala) mental factors; (4) six root afflictions (rtsa nyon, mUla-kleza); (5) twenty secondary afflictions (nye nyong, upakleza); and (6) four changeable (gzhan 'gyur, anyathAbhAva) mental factors. "Indicated" or "revealed" (lung du bstan pa) means here "that which abides as either virtue or non-virtue." Thus, in this case of defining virtue, it means that which is virtuous. It means that which is definite as virtuous or non-virtuous. It does not necessarily refer to Buddha's having said it this way or that way which is what those words often mean ("indicated in scripture"). "Abides in the class of that which issues forth happiness" is said because there are, for instance, virtues which have been overcome by hatred and do not issue forth happiness, but they are still virtues. The phrase means that there are exceptions that merely "abide in the class of."tions that merely "abide in the class of.")

• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1303  + (one of the two types of permanent phenomena (rtag pa); the other is: permanent phenomenon that abides all the time (dus brtan pa'i rtag pa))

• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1340  + (Abider in the Fruit of Stream Enterer; Com … Abider in the Fruit of Stream Enterer; Comment: This is one of the eight types of enterers and abiders (zhugs gnas brgyad): Approacher to Stream Enterer (rgyun zhugs zhugs pa); Abider in the Fruit of Stream Enterer (rgyun zhugs 'bras gnas); Approacher to Once Returner (phyir 'ong zhugs pa); Abider in the Fruit of Once Returner (phyir 'ong 'bras gnas); Approacher to Never Returner (phyir mi 'ong zhugs pa); Abider in the Fruit of (phyir mi 'ong 'bras gnas); Approacher to Foe Destroyer (dgra bcom zhugs pa); Abider in the Fruit of (dgra bcom 'bras gnas). For the Sanskrit see the individual entries.r the Sanskrit see the individual entries.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1339  + (Approacher to Stream Enterer; Comment: Thi … Approacher to Stream Enterer; Comment: This is one of the eight types of enterers and abiders (zhugs gnas brgyad): Approacher to Stream Enterer (rgyun zhugs zhugs pa); Abider in the Fruit of Stream Enterer (rgyun zhugs 'bras gnas); Approacher to Once Returner (phyir 'ong zhugs pa); Abider in the Fruit of Once Returner (phyir 'ong 'bras gnas); Approacher to Never Returner (phyir mi 'ong zhugs pa); Abider in the Fruit of (phyir mi 'ong 'bras gnas); Approacher to Foe Destroyer (dgra bcom zhugs pa); Abider in the Fruit of (dgra bcom 'bras gnas). For the Sanskrit see the individual entries.r the Sanskrit see the individual entries.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/990  + (Comment: (GD:119) One of DharmakIrti's fou … Comment: (GD:119) One of DharmakIrti's four criteria for specifically characterized phenomena. The others are: (1) having the power to produce effects (don byed nus pa), (3) not directly denotable by language (sgra'i yul ma yin), (4) apprehensible without reliance on other factors (rgyu mtshan ?????????)e on other factors (rgyu mtshan ?????????))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/914  + (Comment: A definition from Awareness and Knowledge is: a phenomenon that limited beings must realize definitively in dependence on a sign (tshur mthong rnams kyis thog mar rtags la brten nas nges par rtogs dgos pa'i chos).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/446  + (Comment: A phenomenon that is absent somewhere.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/822  + (Comment: A subject marker in logical texts … Comment: A subject marker in logical texts. The first example given above is the definition of ldog chos phung sum tsam po ba (isolate-phenomenon-of-the-third-type), illustrations of which are dgag pa (negative phenomenon), dngos po'i spyi (generality-of-functioning-thing), etc.yi (generality-of-functioning-thing), etc.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1653  + (Comment: A-ku L#o-drö-gya-tso (Precious La … Comment: A-ku L#o-drö-gya-tso (Precious Lamp, 223.2) takes this as referring to attaining forbearance, that is, facility, with respect to the meaning of the selflessness of phenomena. Jik-may-dam-chö-gya-tso (Port of Entry, 505.6) adds that through ascertaining the meaning of the non-production of phenomena upon taking the eight non-productions as reasons, one attains forbearance with respect to the doctrine of non-production, that is, selflessness. of non-production, that is, selflessness.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/368  + (Comment: Among the eighteen constituents, … Comment: Among the eighteen constituents, the phenomenon-constituent (chos kyi khams, dharmadhAtu) contains all phenomena not included in the other constituents, and thus all permanent phenomena, including thusness, or emptiness, are contained therein. Since all eighteen constituents are said to be bases of emptiness, thusness itself, or emptiness, must also be a basis of emptiness. The same is so for the "phenomenon-sense-sphere" among the twelve sense-spheres.se-sphere" among the twelve sense-spheres.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/430  + (Comment: An equivalent of ultimate truth (don dam bden pa, paramArthasatya) so called because whether Buddhas arise or not it permanently abides thus without changing.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1244  + (Comment: An illustration is desire ('dod c … Comment: An illustration is desire ('dod chags). There are six types of causes: fruitional cause (rnam smin gyi rgyu), co-arisen cause (lhan cig byung ba'i rgyu), creative cause (byed rgyu), cause of similar lot (skal mnyam gyi rgyu), omnipresent cause (kun 'gro'i rgyu), and associational cause (mtshungs ldan gyi rgyu).ociational cause (mtshungs ldan gyi rgyu).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1286  + (Comment: An illustration of this is [functioning] thing that is an isolate phenomenon (ldog chos su gyur pa'i dngos po).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/851  + (Comment: An instance is an inferential cog … Comment: An instance is an inferential cognition which realizes that sound is impermanent (sgra mi rtag rtogs kyi rjes dpag). This is one of the seven types of facsimiles of direct perception (mngon sum ltar snang): mistaken conceptions ('khrul ba'i rtog pa), conventional conceptions (kun rdzob kyi rtog pa), inferential conceptions (rjes dpag gi rtog pa), conceptions arisen from inference (rjes dpag las byung ba'i rtog pa), memory conceptions (dran pa'i rtog pa), wishing conceptions (mngon 'dod kyi rtog pa), and non-conceptual facsimilies of direct perception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).erception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/89  + (Comment: An instance of this is a sense co … Comment: An instance of this is a sense consciousness to which, in dependence upon the eyes [which are the basis of an eye consciousness] being affected by opthamalia, one moon appears as two (mig rab rib kyis bslad pa la brten nas zla gcig zla gnyis su snang ba'i dbang shes). This is one of the seven types of facsimiles of direct perception (mngon sum ltar snang): mistaken conceptions ('khrul ba'i rtog pa), conventional conceptions (kun rdzob kyi rtog pa), inferential conceptions (rjes dpag gi rtog pa), conceptions arisen from inference (rjes dpag las byung ba'i rtog pa), memory conceptions (dran pa'i rtog pa), wishing conceptions (mngon 'dod kyi rtog pa), and non-conceptual facsimilies of direct perception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang). Among these, this is one of the four non-conceptual facsimiles check Kathy: bogus/fake? of direct perception which are sense consciousnesses (dbang shes su gyur pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang). gyur pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/90  + (Comment: An instance of this is an eye con … Comment: An instance of this is an eye consciousness which, in dependence upon one's abiding in a boat, sees trees as moving (grur zhugs pa la brten nas ljon shing 'gro bar snang ba'i dbang shes). This is one of the seven types of facsimiles of direct perception (mngon sum ltar snang): mistaken conceptions ('khrul ba'i rtog pa), conventional conceptions (kun rdzob kyi rtog pa), inferential conceptions (rjes dpag gi rtog pa), conceptions arisen from inference (rjes dpag las byung ba'i rtog pa), memory conceptions (dran pa'i rtog pa), wishing conceptions (mngon 'dod kyi rtog pa), and non-conceptual facsimilies of direct perception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang). Among these, this is one of the four non-conceptual facsimiles check Kathy: bogus/fake? of direct perception which are sense consciousnesses (dbang shes su gyur pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang). gyur pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/91  + (Comment: An instance of this is a sense co … Comment: An instance of this is a sense consciousness to which the area appears as red in dependence upon the mind's being disturbed by anger (yid zhe sdang gis dkrugs pa la brten nas sa gzhi dmar por snang ba'i dbang shes). This is one of the seven types of facsimiles of direct perception (mngon sum ltar snang): mistaken conceptions ('khrul ba'i rtog pa), conventional conceptions (kun rdzob kyi rtog pa), inferential conceptions (rjes dpag gi rtog pa), conceptions arisen from inference (rjes dpag las byung ba'i rtog pa), memory conceptions (dran pa'i rtog pa), wishing conceptions (mngon 'dod kyi rtog pa), and non-conceptual facsimilies of direct perception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang). Among these, this is one of the four non-conceptual facsimiles check Kathy: bogus/fake? of direct perception which are sense consciousnesses (dbang shes su gyur pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang). gyur pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1041  + (Comment: An instance of this is a conceptu … Comment: An instance of this is a conceptual consciousness wishing for a future object at the present time (de ring gi dus su ma 'ongs pa'i don mngon par 'dod pa'i rtog pa). This is one of the seven types of facsimiles of direct perception (mngon sum ltar snang): mistaken conceptions ('khrul ba'i rtog pa), conventional conceptions (kun rdzob kyi rtog pa), inferential conceptions (rjes dpag gi rtog pa), conceptions arisen from inference (rjes dpag las byung ba'i rtog pa), memory conceptions (dran pa'i rtog pa), wishing conceptions (mngon 'dod kyi rtog pa), and non-conceptual facsimilies of direct perception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).erception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/92  + (Comment: An instance of this is a consciou … Comment: An instance of this is a consciousness to which a firebrand wheel appears in dependence upon quickly turning a fire brand ('gal med myur du skor ba la brten nas 'gal med 'khor lor snang ba'i dbang shes). This is one of the seven types of facsimiles of direct perception (mngon sum ltar snang): mistaken conceptions ('khrul ba'i rtog pa), conventional conceptions (kun rdzob kyi rtog pa), inferential conceptions (rjes dpag gi rtog pa), conceptions arisen from inference (rjes dpag las byung ba'i rtog pa), memory conceptions (dran pa'i rtog pa), wishing conceptions (mngon 'dod kyi rtog pa), and non-conceptual facsimilies of direct perception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang). Among these, this is one of the four non-conceptual facsimiles check Kathy: bogus/fake? of direct perception which are sense consciousnesses (dbang shes su gyur pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang). gyur pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/88  + (Comment: An instance of this is a conceptu … Comment: An instance of this is a conceptual consciousness apprehending sound as permanent (sgra rtag 'dzin rtog pa). This is one of the seven types of facsimiles of direct perception (mngon sum ltar snang): mistaken conceptions ('khrul ba'i rtog pa), conventional conceptions (kun rdzob kyi rtog pa), inferential conceptions (rjes dpag gi rtog pa), conceptions arisen from inference (rjes dpag las byung ba'i rtog pa), memory conceptions (dran pa'i rtog pa), wishing conceptions (mngon 'dod kyi rtog pa), and non-conceptual facsimilies of direct perception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).erception (rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/467  + (Comment: Arhan/ arhant (dgra bcom pa) is t … Comment: Arhan/ arhant (dgra bcom pa) is translated as "Foe Destroyer" to accord with the usual Tibetan translation of the term and to assist in capturing the flavor of oral and written traditions that frequently refer to this etymology. Arhats have overcome the foe which is the afflictive emotions (nyon mongs, kleza), the chief of which is ignorance, the conception (according to the Consequence School) that persons and phenomena are established by way of their own character.\n The Indian and Tibetan translators were also aware of the etymology of arhant as "worthy one," as they translated the name of the "founder" of the Jaina system, Arhat, as mchod 'od "Worthy of Worship" (see Jam-y#ang-shay-b#a's Great Exposition of Tenets, ka, 62a.3). Also, they were aware of ChandrakIrti's gloss of the term as "Worthy One" in his Clear Words: "Because of being worthy of worship by the world of gods, humans, and demi-gods, they are called Arhats" (sadevamAnuøAsurAl lokAt pUnArhatvAd arhannityuchyate [Poussin, 486.5], lha dang mi dang lha ma yin du bcas pa'i 'jig rten gyis mchod par 'os pas dgra bcom pa zhes brjod la [P5260, vol. 98 75.2.2]). Also, they were aware of Haribhadra's twofold etymology in his Illumination of the Eight Thousand Stanza Perfection of Wisdom SUtra. In the context of the list of epithets qualifying the retinue of Buddha at the beginning of the sUtra (see Unrai Wogihara, ed., AbhisamayAla™kArAlokA PrajJA-pAramitA-vyAkhyA, The Work of Haribhadra [Tokyo: The Toyo Bunko, 1932-5; reprint ed., Tokyo: Sankibo Buddhist Book Store, 1973], 8.18), Haribhadra says, "They are called arhant [=Worthy One, from root arh 'to be worthy'] since they are worthy of worship, religious donations, and being assembled together in a group, etc." (W9.8-9: sarva evAtra pUjA-dakøi˜A-ga˜a-parikarøAdy-Arhatayar-han-taH; P5189, 67.5.7: 'dir thams cad kyang mchod pa dang // yon dang tshogs su 'dub la sogs par 'os pas na dgra bcom pa'o).\nAlso, "They are called arhant [= Foe Destroyer, arihan] because they have destroyed (hata) the foe (ari)."\n(W10.18: hatAritvAd arhantaH; P5189, 69.3.6. dgra rnams bcom pas na dgra bcom pa'o). Thus, this is a considered preference in the face of alternative etymologies—"Foe Destroyer" requiring a not unusual i infix to make ari-han, ari meaning enemy and han meaning to kill, and thus "Foe Destroyer." Unfortunately, one word in English cannot convey both this meaning and "Worthy of Worship"; thus, I have gone with what clearly has become the predominant meaning in Tibet. (For an excellent discussion of the two etymologies of "Arhat" in Buddhism and Jainism, see L.M. Joshi's "Facets of Jaina Religiousness in Comparative Light," L.D. Series 85, [Ahmedabad: L.D. Institute of Indology, May 1981], 53-58). Institute of Indology, May 1981], 53-58).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1647  + (Comment: Definition of compounded phenomenon ('dus byas kyi chos).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1646  + (Comment: Definition of uncompounded phenomenon ('dus ma byas kyi chos).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1767  + (Comment: Difference can refer merely to no … Comment: Difference can refer merely to nominal difference, such as the difference between bum pa and pot; Examples of different phenomena are (1) the two, permanent and functioning thing (rtags dngos gnyis); these are mutually exclusive ('gal ba) and a dichotomy; (2) the two, object of knowledge and existent (shes bya dang yod pa gnyis); these are equivalent (don gcig) but not one (gcig); (3) the two, pillar and pot (ka bum gnyis); (4) the two, pot and the impermanence of pot (bum pa dang bum pa steng gi mi rtag pa gnyis); these are one entity but different isolates (ngo bo gcig la ldog pa tha dad).isolates (ngo bo gcig la ldog pa tha dad).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/681  + (Comment: Example of a non-conceptual facsimile bogus: check Kathy of direct perception whose cause of error abides in the basis ('khrul rgyu gnas la yod pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/879  + (Comment: Examples of this include wide cat … Comment: Examples of this include wide categories which cannot be tied down to being just matter or just consciousness, such as thing (dngos po), specifically characterized phenomenon (rang mtshan), that which is able to perform a function (don byed nus pa).e to perform a function (don byed nus pa).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/809  + (Comment: For example, whatever is a definiendum is pervaded by not being permanent (mtshon bya yin na / rtag pa ma yin pas khyab pa).)