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List of results

• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1371  + (one of the three modes (tshul gsum); the others are: subject-quality (phyogs chos) and reverse pervasion (ldog khyab); its form is: (3) yin na (2) yin pa'i khyab -- being (3) entails being (2))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/76  + (one of the three types of natural pervasio … one of the three types of natural pervasion (rang bzhin khyab pa); for others see: rang bzhin khyab pa. Comment: This is one of the three attributes of inherent nature (rang bzhin khyad par gsum): (1) its entity is not produced by causes and conditions (ngo bo rgyu rkyen gyis ma bskyed pa); (2) it does not rely upon another means of positing it ('jog byed gzhan la ma ltos pa); (3) its state does not change into something else (gnas skabs gzhan du mi 'gyur ba).ng else (gnas skabs gzhan du mi 'gyur ba).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/984  + (one of the two divisions of negation (dgag … one of the two divisions of negation (dgag pa); the other is: affirming negative (ma yin dgag, paryudAsa-pratiSedha)Comment: The division of negatives, or negations, into affirming and non-affirming, or implicative and non-implicative, is traced to MimAMsA injunctions to refrain from activities that either imply another activity in its place or not. For example, the non-existence of the horns of a rabbit is expressed by the sentence, "The horns of a rabbit do not exist," and this does not suggest anything positive in place of the horns of a rabbit. Though it can suggest another non-affirming negative such as the non-existence of the beauty of the horns of a rabbit, it does not suggest any positive phenomenon in place of its object of negation. In the same way, an emptiness is a non-affirming negative such that the term expressing it does not suggest in place of the negation of its own object of negation another, positive phenomenon. See also "affirming negation" (ma yin dgag).e also "affirming negation" (ma yin dgag).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/758  + (one of the two types of MahAyAna path of n … one of the two types of MahAyAna path of no more learning (theg chen gyi mi slob lam), the other being exalted knower of all aspects that knows the ultimate truth (ji lta ba mkhyen pa'i rnam mkhyen)SW: have we changed translations of 'ji snyed pa' and 'ji lta ba' from "varieties and modes" to "conventional truths and ultimate truths"?"conventional truths and ultimate truths"?)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/760  + (one of the two types of MahAyAna path of n … one of the two types of MahAyAna path of no more learning (theg chen gyi mi slob lam), the other being exalted knower of all aspects that knows conventional truths (ji snyed pa mkhyen pa'i rnam mkhyen)SW: have we changed translations of 'ji snyed pa' and 'ji lta ba' from "varieties and modes" to "conventional truths and ultimate truths"?"conventional truths and ultimate truths"?)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/196  + (or is it don grub?)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/651  + (part of the meaning of one establishment and abiding (grub bde gcig pa'i don))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/62  + (production in three types; Comment: This i … production in three types; Comment: This is one of the three assertions concerning mental direct perceptions indicated on this occasion (skabs 'dir bstan gyi yid mngon): production only at the end of a continuum (rgyun mtha' kho nar skye ba); alternating production (spel mar skye ba); and production in three types ('gros gsum par skye ba).n in three types ('gros gsum par skye ba).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1342  + (production only at the end of a continuum; … production only at the end of a continuum; Comment: This is one of the three assertions concerning mental direct perceptions indicated on this occasion (skabs 'dir bstan gyi yid mngon): production only at the end of a continuum (rgyun mtha' kho nar skye ba); alternating production (spel mar skye ba); and production in three types ('gros gsum par skye ba).n in three types ('gros gsum par skye ba).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1281  + (rajas; Comment: In SAmkhya this is one of … rajas; Comment: In SAmkhya this is one of the three material qualities (yon tan gsum, triguNa): lightness (snying stobs, sattva), 2) motility (rdul, rajas), 3) darkness (mun pa, tamas). Dzong-ka-ba's Great Exposition of Secret Mantra a passage cites a passage calling the three subtler consciousnesses preceding the mind of clear light according to the GuhyasamAja system sattva, rajas, and tamas.hyasamAja system sattva, rajas, and tamas.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1704  + (sattva; Comment: In SAmkhya this is one of … sattva; Comment: In SAmkhya this is one of the three material qualities (yon tan gsum, triguNa): lightness (snying stobs, sattva), 2) motility (rdul, rajas), 3) darkness (mun pa, tamas). Dzong-ka-ba's Great Exposition of Secret Mantra a passage cites a passage calling the three subtler consciousnesses preceding the mind of clear light according to the GuhyasamAja system sattva, rajas, and tamas.hyasamAja system sattva, rajas, and tamas.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1512  + (sde is not a continuative! [de te ste are the lhag bcas gsum])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1923  + (see: [[yongs grub]]; [[yongs su grub pa'i mtshan nyid]])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1922  + (see: [[yongs grub]]; [[yongs su grub pa'i mtshan nyid]])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1926  + (see: [[yongs su grub pa]]; [[yongs grub]])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1925  + (see: [[yongs su grub pa]]; [[yongs grub]])
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1086  + (tamas; Comment: In SAmkhya this is one of … tamas; Comment: In SAmkhya this is one of the three material qualities (yon tan gsum, triguNa): lightness (snying stobs, sattva), 2) motility (rdul, rajas), 3) darkness (mun pa, tamas). Dzong-ka-ba's Great Exposition of Secret Mantra a passage cites a passage calling the three subtler consciousnesses preceding the mind of clear light according to the GuhyasamAja system sattva, rajas, and tamas.hyasamAja system sattva, rajas, and tamas.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/756  + (the Chinese abbot spoken of by Bu-dön (bu ston) in the Chos 'byung as the opponent of KamalazIla in the debate at Lhasa)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1222  +
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1738  + (the style of textbook which lays out the subject, definitions, divisions, etc. as opposed to analysis of the scope (mtha' dpyad))
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/417  + (this is also the title of a work from: Cle … this is also the title of a work from: Clear Exposition of the Presentation of Tenets (grub pa'i mtha'i rnam par bzhag pa gsal bar bshad pa, PrAsaGgika-MAdhyamaka section), by Jang-gya Rol-bay-dor-jay (lcang skya rol pa'i rdo rje,1717-1786); translated with commentary by Jeffrey Hopkins, unpublished manuscriptby Jeffrey Hopkins, unpublished manuscript)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1123  + (three natures; Comment: The three natures are imputational natures (kun btags, parikalpita), other-powered natures (gzhan dbang, paratantra), and thoroughly established natures (yongs grub, pariniSpanna).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/37  + (through the force of taming; Comment: Jik- … through the force of taming; Comment: Jik-may-dam-chö-gya-tso reports that D#ra-d#i Ge-s#hay Rin-chen-dön-drup (pra sti dge bshes rin chen don grub) interprets "through the force of taming" as "through the force of taming trainees having the lineage of the Middle Way School by means of the literal reading" (gdul bya dbu ma pa'i rigs can sgras zin des 'dul ba'i dbang gis). However, Jik-may-dam-chö-gya-tso points out that D#zong-ka-b#a himself in the section on the Consequence School of the Essence of Eloquence glosses "through the force of taming" with "through the force of trainees' thought" (gdul bya'i bsam pa'i dbang gis). It seems to me that both interpretations are suitable.me that both interpretations are suitable.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1918  + (triguNa; Comment: In SAmkhya the three material qualities (yon tan gsum, triguNa)are 1) lightness (snying stobs, sattva), 2) motility (rdul, rajas), 3) darkness (mun pa, tamas).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1848  + (two modes; the two systems; Comment: Gung- … two modes; the two systems; Comment: Gung-tang takes "two modes" (tshul gnyis) as referring to two different great ways of positing what requires interpretation and what is definitive — as found in two modes of the Middle Way School and the Mind-Only School for commenting on the final thought of the Perfection of Wisdom SUtras.hought of the Perfection of Wisdom SUtras.)

• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1222  + (the presence of the reason in the subject -- one of the three modes (tshul gsum); in oral debate, this is expressed as: (1) plus (3) rtags grub)

• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1849  + ((PH) Jeffrey, Perdue gives divisions as "1) the property of the subject (pakSa-dharma), 2) the forward pervasion (anvaya-vyApti), 3) the counter-pervasion (vyatireka-vyApti)")
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1094  + ((PH) Wilson (p.671) gives "na re" as a syntactic particle that "marks a subject which is the source of an opinion or a statement")
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/845  + (A#nandagarbha; Comment: Three Indian schol … A#nandagarbha; Comment: Three Indian scholars are renowned especially for their works on Yoga Tantra, whom New Translation Schools consider the "Three People Expert/Proficient in Yoga [Tantra]" (yoga la mi mkhas pa gsum): Buddhaguhya (sangs rgyas gsang ba; fl. mid eighth century), ShAkyamitra (shA kya bshes gnyen), and A#nandagarbha (kun dga' snying po; fl. late ninth or early tenth century). D#zong-ka-b#a relies on A#nandagarbha for Yoga Tantra but criticizes his interpretation of the GuhyasamAja Tantra. interpretation of the GuhyasamAja Tantra.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1505  + (Buddhaguhya; Comment: Three Indian scholar … Buddhaguhya; Comment: Three Indian scholars are renowned especially for their works on Yoga Tantra, whom New Translation Schools consider the "Three People Expert/Proficient in Yoga [Tantra]" (yoga la mi mkhas pa gsum): Buddhaguhya (sangs rgyas gsang ba; fl. mid eighth century), ShAkyamitra (shA kya bshes gnyen), and A#nandagarbha (kun dga' snying po; fl. late ninth or early tenth century). Buddhaguhya authored the Entry into the Meaning of the Tantra (rgyud kyi don la 'jug pa, tantrArthAvatara), as well as commentaries on Action and Performance Tantras. As an important figure in N#ying-ma MahAyoga lineages he taught Padmasambhava and Vimalamitra and authored texts.mbhava and Vimalamitra and authored texts.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/914  + (Comment: A definition from Awareness and Knowledge is: a phenomenon that limited beings must realize definitively in dependence on a sign (tshur mthong rnams kyis thog mar rtags la brten nas nges par rtogs dgos pa'i chos).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/83  + (Comment: A logical term used when the oppo … Comment: A logical term used when the opponent has been boxed in. The three are to have asserted either explicitly or implicitly (1) the entailment/pervasion (khyab pa khas blangs pa red), (2) the reason (rtags khas blangs pa red), and (3) the opposite of the predicate of the consequence (gsal ba'i zlogs phyogs khas blangs pa red). Spoken or shouted in debate by the challenger to indicate that the opponent cannot deny the reason or the pervasion, yet cannot accept the "thesis" of the consequence.ot accept the "thesis" of the consequence.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/822  + (Comment: A subject marker in logical texts … Comment: A subject marker in logical texts. The first example given above is the definition of ldog chos phung sum tsam po ba (isolate-phenomenon-of-the-third-type), illustrations of which are dgag pa (negative phenomenon), dngos po'i spyi (generality-of-functioning-thing), etc.yi (generality-of-functioning-thing), etc.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/694  + (Comment: According to Gung-tang this means … Comment: According to Gung-tang this means to differentiate the interpretable and the definitive with respect to the meaning of the scriptures, this requiring extensive delineation of the presentation of the two truths, which itself requires realization of emptiness. This is called "differentiating the interpretable and the definitive on the level of the meaning that is expressed within the scriptures" (brjod bya don gyi drang nges 'byed pa)." (brjod bya don gyi drang nges 'byed pa).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/467  + (Comment: Arhan/ arhant (dgra bcom pa) is t … Comment: Arhan/ arhant (dgra bcom pa) is translated as "Foe Destroyer" to accord with the usual Tibetan translation of the term and to assist in capturing the flavor of oral and written traditions that frequently refer to this etymology. Arhats have overcome the foe which is the afflictive emotions (nyon mongs, kleza), the chief of which is ignorance, the conception (according to the Consequence School) that persons and phenomena are established by way of their own character.\n The Indian and Tibetan translators were also aware of the etymology of arhant as "worthy one," as they translated the name of the "founder" of the Jaina system, Arhat, as mchod 'od "Worthy of Worship" (see Jam-y#ang-shay-b#a's Great Exposition of Tenets, ka, 62a.3). Also, they were aware of ChandrakIrti's gloss of the term as "Worthy One" in his Clear Words: "Because of being worthy of worship by the world of gods, humans, and demi-gods, they are called Arhats" (sadevamAnuøAsurAl lokAt pUnArhatvAd arhannityuchyate [Poussin, 486.5], lha dang mi dang lha ma yin du bcas pa'i 'jig rten gyis mchod par 'os pas dgra bcom pa zhes brjod la [P5260, vol. 98 75.2.2]). Also, they were aware of Haribhadra's twofold etymology in his Illumination of the Eight Thousand Stanza Perfection of Wisdom SUtra. In the context of the list of epithets qualifying the retinue of Buddha at the beginning of the sUtra (see Unrai Wogihara, ed., AbhisamayAla™kArAlokA PrajJA-pAramitA-vyAkhyA, The Work of Haribhadra [Tokyo: The Toyo Bunko, 1932-5; reprint ed., Tokyo: Sankibo Buddhist Book Store, 1973], 8.18), Haribhadra says, "They are called arhant [=Worthy One, from root arh 'to be worthy'] since they are worthy of worship, religious donations, and being assembled together in a group, etc." (W9.8-9: sarva evAtra pUjA-dakøi˜A-ga˜a-parikarøAdy-Arhatayar-han-taH; P5189, 67.5.7: 'dir thams cad kyang mchod pa dang // yon dang tshogs su 'dub la sogs par 'os pas na dgra bcom pa'o).\nAlso, "They are called arhant [= Foe Destroyer, arihan] because they have destroyed (hata) the foe (ari)."\n(W10.18: hatAritvAd arhantaH; P5189, 69.3.6. dgra rnams bcom pas na dgra bcom pa'o). Thus, this is a considered preference in the face of alternative etymologies—"Foe Destroyer" requiring a not unusual i infix to make ari-han, ari meaning enemy and han meaning to kill, and thus "Foe Destroyer." Unfortunately, one word in English cannot convey both this meaning and "Worthy of Worship"; thus, I have gone with what clearly has become the predominant meaning in Tibet. (For an excellent discussion of the two etymologies of "Arhat" in Buddhism and Jainism, see L.M. Joshi's "Facets of Jaina Religiousness in Comparative Light," L.D. Series 85, [Ahmedabad: L.D. Institute of Indology, May 1981], 53-58). Institute of Indology, May 1981], 53-58).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1812  + (Comment: Buddhaguhya (sangs rgyas gsang ba … Comment: Buddhaguhya (sangs rgyas gsang ba) explains that the term muni (thub pa) means that the person has restrained body, speech, and mind (lus la sogs pa sdams pa ni thub pa zhes bya'o). Tibetan oral traditions also take thub pa as referring to one who has overcome the enemy that is the afflictive emotions. Many translators render muni as "sage," but I choose "subduer" because it conveys the sense of conquest that the term has in Tibetan, for thub pa means "able," with a sense of being able to overcome someone else. (ShAkya, the name of this Buddha's clan, also means "able" or "potent," this probably being the reason why the name ShAkyamuni was translated into Tibetan as zAkya thub pa, with the first part of the compound in transliterated Sanskrit and the second in Tibetan.) The term dbang po (indra) means "supreme one," "powerful one," "lord," and more loosely "king"; ShAkyamuni is depicted as the supreme among Subduers.is depicted as the supreme among Subduers.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1767  + (Comment: Difference can refer merely to no … Comment: Difference can refer merely to nominal difference, such as the difference between bum pa and pot; Examples of different phenomena are (1) the two, permanent and functioning thing (rtags dngos gnyis); these are mutually exclusive ('gal ba) and a dichotomy; (2) the two, object of knowledge and existent (shes bya dang yod pa gnyis); these are equivalent (don gcig) but not one (gcig); (3) the two, pillar and pot (ka bum gnyis); (4) the two, pot and the impermanence of pot (bum pa dang bum pa steng gi mi rtag pa gnyis); these are one entity but different isolates (ngo bo gcig la ldog pa tha dad).isolates (ngo bo gcig la ldog pa tha dad).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1107  + (Comment: He is a Kalkha Mongolian Ge-luk-b … Comment: He is a Kalkha Mongolian Ge-luk-b#a who studied at both Go-mang and L#o-s#el-l#ing; author of Explanation of the Meaning of the Conventional and the Ultimate in the Four Tenet Systems (grub mtha' bzhi'i lugs kyi kun rdzob dang don dam pa'i don rnam par bshad pa) (New Delhi: Lama Guru Deva, 1972) and so forth Delhi: Lama Guru Deva, 1972) and so forth)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/792  + (Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs … Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs chen) in N#ying-ma, essential purity (ka dag) is paired with breakthrough (khregs chod; literally, "breaking through the hard") while spontaneity (lhun grub) is paired with leap-over (thod rgal) in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/912  + (Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs … Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs chen) in N#ying-ma, essential purity (ka dag) is paired with breakthrough (khregs chod; literally, "breaking through the hard") while spontaneity (lhun grub) is paired with leap-over (thod rgal) in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/766  + (Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs … Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs chen) in N#ying-ma, essential purity (ka dag) is paired with breakthrough (khregs chod; literally, "breaking through the hard") while spontaneity (lhun grub) is paired with leap-over (thod rgal) in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/769  + (Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs … Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs chen) in N#ying-ma, essential purity (ka dag) is paired with breakthrough (khregs chod; literally, "breaking through the hard") while spontaneity (lhun grub) is paired with leap-over (thod rgal) in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/1802  + (Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs … Comment: In the Great Completeness (rdzogs chen) in N#ying-ma, essential purity (ka dag) is paired with breakthrough (khregs chod; literally, "breaking through the hard") while spontaneity (lhun grub) is paired with leap-over (thod rgal) in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.in ka dag khregs chod lhun grub thod rgal.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/824  + (Comment: In the Mind-Only system, this is given as a reason why other-powered natures exist ultimately.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/829  + (Comment: In the Mind-Only system, this is given as the reason why the thoroughly established nature is called the "ultimate-non-nature" (don dam pa ngo bo nyid med pa, paramArthaniHsvabhAvatA).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/817  + (Comment: Nature signs are divided accordin … Comment: Nature signs are divided according to whether or not the terms expressing them specify an agent. If an agent is specified, it is a sign involving a qualification (or specification) of a cause; if not, it is a sign free of qualification (or specification of a cause. See khyad par ltos pa pa'i rang bzhin gyi rtags yang dag.tos pa pa'i rang bzhin gyi rtags yang dag.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/819  + (Comment: Nature signs are divided accordin … Comment: Nature signs are divided according to whether or not the terms expressing them specify an agent. If an agent is specified, it is a sign involving a qualification (or specification) of a cause; if not, it is a sign free of qualification (or specification of a cause). See khyad par dag pa pa'i rang bzhin gyi rtags yang dag.dag pa pa'i rang bzhin gyi rtags yang dag.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/445  + (Comment: Positive and negative phenomena are one of the divisions of gzhi grub (established base), i.e., existents (yod pa).)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/680  + (Comment: See grub bde gcig.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/676  + (Comment: See grub.)
• Steinert App Dictionaries/06-Hopkins-Comment/774  + (Comment: Standard formula for introducing another party's opinion in debate texts.)