ga bur

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ག་བུར
[Skt] camphor [lus rgyas, rab bsil, med. herb astringent, highly cooling, clearing away rgyas tshad, rnying tsad syn: kha ba'i phye ma dang, kha ba'i ming can, rdul gyi snying po, nus ldan, sprin gyi snying po, zla ba seng ge'i 'o ma, zla ba'i thal ba, zla ba'i ming can, 'od dkar can, ro'i ge sar, shing gi snying po 1 of the phyi'i rtsa ba brgyad = the 8 outer principal [medicines] [IW]

SK camphor [IW]

camphor, name of several plants prob. entiana cherayta, curcuma, zerumbet, kind of stone like pho cong sting zil, camphor [JV]

camphor, one of the phyi'i rtsa ba brgyad the eight outer principal [medicines]. camphor [RY]

(med) Camphor
Synonyms : katpu' ram, ga pur, gha na sa' ra, sprin gyi snying po, hi ma ba lu ka', kha ba'i phye ma, si ta' bhra, 'od dkar can, re nu' sa' ra, rngul gyi snying po, tsanpra sam dznya', zla ba'i ming can, tsandra bhasma, zla ba'i thal ba, kha ba'i ming can, be dha ka, rtog byed, ta ru sa' ra, shing gi snying po, ra sa ke sar, ro'i ge sar, hi ma garbha, bsil ba'i snying po, ga ba tu, zla ba seng ge'i 'o ma (Shel gong)
Sanskrit : karpūra (Dash 1989, Pandanus)

ga pur tsha ba rgyas pa thog babs gsod / rnying zhing zhen pa'i tsha ba tsad nas 'byin / zhes pa la / rgyud rin chen spungs pa las / bsil gyi rgyal po ga pur yin te bsil la rtsub / blon po cu gang med na rtsub pas tsha bar ldog / ces dang / gdams pa sum cu pa las / ga pur bsil yang grang zhing skram la rtsub / rgyal blon spyang rgud rgyas pa'i tsha ba sel / sman 'phrod gzhan gyis gzhan yang yang par byed / ces dang / rang byung rdo rjes / rtsi sman rgyal po ga pur te / kanyatsa ga pur rgyas tshad sel / shel ni rtsu pa bsil de dang 'dra / stag zil ser mnyen khrag mkhris sel / mang ni rlung ldan tshad pa 'joms / zhes dang / dharma swa mis / sman gyi rgyal [146] po ga bur te / cu gang blon gyis ma bsgyur na / nus pa bsil bas tshad par ldog / kha tsha bska rtsub bsil yang gyong / zhes dang / phrin las rgyud las / de rigs mang dang stag zil shel dang gsum / mang ni ser la sna ring mnyen la 'jam / yang na dkar 'jam kha ba bsgongs pa 'dra / 'jam la bsil bas rlung ldan tsha ba sel / stag zil mdangs ser sul mang pho cong 'dra / mang bas rtsub bsil tsha ba kun la rgyug / shel ni dkar la kron te 'khyag pa 'dra / shin tu bsil bas rgyas tshad rkyang pa 'joms / zhes pa'i ming ni / katpu' ram / ga pur / gha na sa' ra / sprin gyi snying po / hi ma ba lu ka' / kha ba'i phye ma / si ta' bhra / 'od dkar can / re nu' sa' ra / rngul gyi snying po / tsanpra sam dznya' / zla ba'i ming can / tsandra bhasma / zla ba'i thal ba / kha ba'i ming can / be dha ka / rtog byed / ta ru sa' ra / shing gi snying po / ra sa ke sar / ro'i ge sar / hi ma garbha / bsil ba'i snying po / zhes dang / ga ba tu / zla ba seng ge'i 'o ma zer ro / 'di'i byung khungs 'grel byed dag sna tshogs par smra ba ni / shas cher tsandan gyi thang chur bzhed la / de yang nus pa'i khyad par ni / sa mchog la mang / gorishrash la stag zil / sbrul snying la shel 'byung zhes dang / kha cig gorishrash dang sbrul snying mi yul du med / sa mchog las byung zhes gsungs / der bzhed na'ang tshul mang ba ni / phyogs kyi khyad par las phye ba dang / sa stod smad kyi khyad par las phye ba dang / nyin srib sogs dro grang gi khyad par las phye ba dang / shing rgan gzhon gyis dang / blangs nas gsar rnying gis dang / dbyar dgun sogs dus kyi dang / yang kha cig khandara 'dod pa dang / kha cig sa 'og nas brkas pa dang / kha cig [147] gangs rnyinglas byung zhes mang mod / 'on kyang nges pa rang 'phags yul gyi mkhas pa'i gdams pa dang / ngos mthong rgyus can gyi dzo ki rnams kyis gtam bcas zhal 'chams pa ni / shing kanyatsa zhes pa las byung ba stag zil ga pur zhes mdangs ser la sul mang ba can de nus pa bsil ba'i 'bring po dang / shing tshingging zhes bya ba las byung ba'i ga pur ni / mang ga pur zhes ser la sna ring mnyen pa zhig dang / yang dkar la 'jam pa kha ba bskongs pa 'dra ba zhig dang / rigs gnyis 'byung ba de bsil ba'i nang gis bsil shed chung ba dang / shing bhima zhes pa las byung ba shel ga pur zhes shin tu dkar sdo 'khyug pa'i dum bu 'dra ba bsil ba'i bsil ba'o / 'dra yig dung gi mig las / dang po bsil gyi rgyal po ga pur ni / shel ga pur gangs dkar tshal pa 'dra / stag zil ga pur 'bri mar gshags pa 'dra / mang ga pur kha ba bgongs pa 'dra / zhes gsungs so // (Shel gong shel phreng, pdf p 145.4)

Illustrations : 'Phrin Las 1987 (26_019) shing bhi ma las ga bur / mang ga bur / stag zil ga bur / shing ka.nya+ca las ga bur / tshing ging ga bur / shel ga bur. Dawa 2009 mang ga bur (Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl.)

1. Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl. (Lauraceae), Camphor Tree, Camphor Laurel (Dawa 2009)
2. Dryobalanops aromatica C.F.Gaertn. (Dipterocarpaceae), Borneo Camphor Tree, Kapur Tree (Wangyal 2020)

Generally there are 3 types of camphor described : the bright yellow stag zil camphor from the ka nya tsa tree and moderately cooling, the white mang camphor from the tshing ging tree and less cooling, and the bright white shel camphor from the bhi ma tree which is extremely cooling. The camphor of commerce can be synthetic, and said of comparable properties, or natural. The natural one's are mainly cinnamon camphor from Cinnamomum camphora and Malayan or Borneo camphor from Dryobalanops aromatica (Kapur tree). Another one is the Ngai camphor from the shrubby Blumea balsamifera. Gabur is a malayan word, indicating the origin of this important product, traded from there since the antiquity.
See also a ga ru dmar po or a gar go snyod for other camphor woods.
Johannes Schmidt (talk) 11:47, 2 March 2024 (EST)