khyung skyugs

(sman) Jasper (dGa' ba'i rDo rje 1998)

khyung skyugs dug sogs nad kun 'joms pa'i mchog / ces pa 'di ni nam mkha' sding brdzub skyes kyis dug sbrul zos pas dug gi stobs kyis 'chi ba'i tshe lus sem sreg par byed la / snying yid bzhin gyi nor bu rin po che bai du' rya'i rang bzhin du gyur la / mi tshe ba'i brla lhu'i sha tsam mdog shin tu sngo bar gyur nas gnas so / de ni brgya byin kyis thob na gtsug gi nor bur byed la / 'khor los sgyur ba'i rgyal pos thob na nang nor rin po che byed do / zhes mdo sde dgongs 'grel gyi 'grel chen las bshad do / 'di'i mchog ni dkon la / phal rigs zhig mi dkon tsam 'byung / brtags na sngon po g.yu rnying lta bu dang / rab ni de las cung zad mthing mdangs chags [089] la nam mkhar bteg na shel rigs tsam phyi nang mi bsgrib par mi gsal yang / dma' sar bzhag nas bltas na rdo ha shig dangs pa'i nyams ltar la de las shin tu dangs pas gting nas mi bsgrib pa ltar gsal lo / khyad par mi nor ba'i rtags ni 'di rigs mchog dman gang yang yung ba ser po'i khu bar brdar na kha dog dmar po khrag ltar 'bab par byed do / 'di'i mchog gis gser bdun skor rtsi la / phal pas dngul bdun skor byed do / 'di rigs 'ga' zhig g.yu dang nor ba 'byung yang yung bar brdar bas shes / 'di steng lha yul nas yong bar bshad kyang mi yul ma nges pa nas 'byung ngo // (Shel gong shel phreng, pdf p 088.4)

Illustrations : dGa' ba'i rDo rje 1998 (n°002) khyung skyugs, Jasper (jade-like green) (n°003) mchog gi khyung skyugs, without specification (a red jasper) (n°004) khyung skyugs phal pa, 'Plum blossom jade' (a bluish orange speckled stone) (n°005) hu cin hri, 'Tiger eye' (n°006) g.yang tri (white, pale green jade, nephrite)
dGa' ba'i rDo rje 2018 (n°033) khyung skyugs, Jasper

dGa' ba'i rDo rje (1998), after an introduction on Garuda, describes the rock's different colours due to mixtures between mchong (agates), dkar gong (quartz), bel snabs (chalcedony), lcags rdo dmar po (red iron ores) etc. The iron gives often red features, but it can be yellow, white, green or blue. He then discusses or simply mentions the different propositions made for identification. He shows for the introductory skyung skyug (n°002), 'Jasper', a green, jade-like carved stone ; for mchog gi khyung skyug (n°003) a red jasper ; khyung skyugs phal pa (n°004), 'Plum blossom Jade' (with trade names like Plum blossom Jasper, and - Serpentin) ; and concludes with further analogues affiliates : h+'u cin hri (n°005), 'Tigereye' ; ha'e lan pa'o hri, 'Aquamarine', refering to it as an Emerald affiliate (ma rgad) ; me'o khri yus ; nan yang yus ; hrin wun hri yus ('Serpentine') and finally g.yang tri (n°006) (Nephrite).
dGa' ba'i rDo rje (2018) shows only the jade-green 'Jasper'.
The renowned Emerald Buddha in Bangkok's Wat Phra Kaew Temple is made of jade or green jasper.
Jasper is a rock composed of impure chalcedony or microcrystalline quartz, containing abundant fine inclusions of hematite, iron hydroxides and other minerals. (mindat.org). Usually red, yellow, brown and green, rarely blue.
Jade is a stone composed of the minerals Jadeite (dzus) and Nephrite (g.yang tri). In the commerce one can find also serpentine, green quarz and carbonates etc.
Nephrite (g.yang tri) or Tremolite is white when pure, but mostly green due to iron contents, or yellow to brown. Employed since the Chinese Neolithic, Nephrite jade became as valued as gold and diamonds eslsewhere.
Jadeite (dzus) is a pearly, subvitreous rock of green, greenish white, lavander, blue-green, white or black colour. More rare than Nephrite. The most valued type is the emerald-green and translucent Imperial jade.
Johannes Schmidt (talk) 12:13, 29 February 2024 (EST)