7. Compound Consonants: Difference between revisions

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ngo sprod gnang ba - don dam sems kyi ngo sprod gnang ba - gave the pointing-out instruction to the ultimate mind essence; introduced me to mind's true nature [RY]


== .1 ==
don dam sems kyi ngo sprod gnang ba - gave the pointing-out instruction to the ultimate mind essence; introduced me to mind's absolute nature [RY]
They are expressed in writing by putting one below the other, in which case several change their original figure.<BR><BR><BR>
'''Subjoined consonants.'''


== .2 ==
[[rang bzhin gnas rigs]] - Naturally present potential applies to the ''mind essence'' present as the unobstructed potential for the qualities of [[Dharmakaya]] arising from its empty aspect and the qualities of [[Rupakaya]] arising from its manifest aspect. It is called '[[all-ground wisdom]]' ([[kun gzhi'i ye shes]]) because of being the ground from which both Samsara and Nirvana arise and the 'defiled [[Suchness]]' ([[dri bcas de bzhin nyid]]) because of being combined with defilement at the time of a sentient being. (YLS) (DKR) [RY]
The letter ''[[:Category:ya|ya]]'' subjoined to another is represented by the figure [[character omitted]], and occurs in connection with the three guttarals and labials, and with ''[[:Category:ma|ma]]'', thus ''kya, khya, gya, pya, phya, bya + mya''. The former three have preserved, in most cases, their original pronunciation ''kya'', ''khya'', ''gya'' (the latter in [[Abbreviations|ET]]: ''ghya'' [[Abbreviations|s.]] [[2. Remarks#.6|2.6]]). In the Mongol pronunciation of Tibetan words, however, they have been corrupted into ''c'', ''ch'', ''j'' respectively, a well known instance of which is the common pronunciation ''Kanjur'' [[Abbreviations|i.o.]] ''kangyur'', or eleg. ''ka-gyur'' (''bka' 'gyur''). ''pya, phya, bya'' are almost everywhere spoken without any difference from ''[[:Category:ca|ca]]'', ''[[:Category:cha|cha]]'', ''[[:Category:ja|ja]]'' (except in Western dialect before ''e'' and ''i'', where the ''y'' is dropped and ''[[:Category:pa|pa]]'', ''[[:Category:pha|pha]]'', ''[[:Category:ba|ba]]'' along are pronounced.). mya is spoken ny = ''[[:Category:nya|nya]]''.


== .3 ==
[[sems kyi ngo bo]] - the nature of ''mind essence'' [IW]
r occurs at the foot of the gutterals, dentals, labials, of ''[[:Category:na|na]]'', ''[[:Category:ma|ma]]'', ''[[:Category:sa|sa]]'', and ''[[:Category:ha|ha]]'', in the shape of [[character omitted]]. In some parts of the country, as in Purig, these combinations are prnounced literally, like ''kra, khra'' etc., but by far the most general custom is to sound them like the Indian cerebals, viz. ''kra, dra, pra'' indescrimintely = [[character omitted]] [[character omitted]]; ''khra, thra, phra'' = [[character omitted]] [[character omitted]]; ''gra, dra, bra'' = [[character omitted]] [[character omitted]] (in [[Abbreviations|CT]]: [[character omitted]]); only in the case of ''bra'' the literal pronounciation ''br'' is not uncommon. In ''nra'' and ''mra'' both letters are distinctly heard; ''hra'' sounds like ''shr'' in ''shrub'', and so does ''sra'' generally. In U this r is dropped nearly in all cases: thus, phra pha, sra sa etc.


== .4 ==
[[sems kyi gshis]] - ''mind essence'' [RY]
Six letters are often found with a ''[[:Category:ma|ma]]'' beneath: ''kla, gla, bla, zla, rla, sla''; in these the ''[[:Category:ma|ma]]'' alone is pronounced, except in ''zla'', which sounds ''[[:Category:da|da]]''.


== .5 ==
[[sems ngo]] - 1) the ''mind essence'', {[[sems kyi ngo bo]]}. 2) [simply] mind [RY]
The figure [[character omitted]], sometimes used at the foot of a letter, is used in [[Sanscrit]] words to express the subjoined [[character omitted]], as in ''swa'a h'a'' ([[Abbreviations|cf.]] [[9. Word; Accent; Quantity#.6|9.6]]) for [[character omitted]]; and is now pronounced by Tibetans = ''o'': ''soha''; in words originally Tibetan it now exists merely as an orthographical mark, to distinguish homonymes in writing, as ''[[:Category:tsha|tsha]]'' ,hot' and ''tshwa'' ,salt'; but, as it is spoken, in some words at least, in Balti ([[Abbreviations|e.g.]] ''rtswa'' ,grass', it must be supposed that, in the primitive form of the language, it was generally heard. -Note. Of such compounds. indeed, as phywa ,lot' it is difficult to understand, how they can have been pronounced literally, if the w was not, perhaps, pronounced before the y.<BR><BR><BR>
 
'''Superadded consonants.'''
[[sems ngo]] - 1) the ''mind essence''; 2) [simply] mind; 3) my/one's own mind; 4) transmission [IW]
== .6 ==
 
''[[:Category:ra|ra]]'' above another consonant is written [[character omitted]], and 11 consonants have this sign: ''rka, rga, rnga, rta, rda, rna, rba, rma, rtsa + rdza'', above ''[[:Category:nya|nya]]'' it preserves its full shape, as better adapted to the form of that letter: thus, [[character omitted]] ''rnya''. In speaking it is seldom heard except provincially, and in some instances in compound words after a vowel, thus, [[u rgyan]] ''Urgyan, Urgyen'', ancient name of the country of Lahore; ''rdo je dorje'' ,vajra'. Ladakees often pronounce it = s: ''rta sta'' ,horse' elsewhere ''ta''.
[[sems ngo skyongs pa]] - maintaining the ''mind essence'' [RY]
== .7 ==
 
Similar is the usage in those with a with a superadded ''[[:Category:la|la]]'' (namely: the surds and sonants of the first four classes, the gutteral nasal, and ''[[:Category:ha|ha]]''), which latter is often softly heard in [[Abbreviations|WT]], but entirely dropped elsewhere, exceptin the case of ''lha'', which is spoken ''[[:Category:la|la]]'' in [[Abbreviations|WT]], but with a distinct aspiration = ''hla'' or ''lha'' in [[Abbreviations|ET]].
[[sems ngo mthong ba]] - Seeing the ''mind essence'' [RY]
== .8 ==
 
''[[:Category:sa|sa]]'' is superadded to the gutterals, dentals and labials with the exception of the aspirate, then ''[[:Category:nya|nya]]'' and ''[[:Category:rtsa|rtsa]]''. It is, in many cases, distinctly pronounced in Ladak, but dropped elsewhere).
[[sems nyid]] - chittata, mind 1) mind itself, ''mind essence'', nature of mind, mind nature, mind as such, ultimate nature of mind, true nature of mind itself, mind-as-such. Syn {ngo bo rig pa}. 2) the mind [RY]
== .9 ==
 
ga da ba ja dza with any superadded letter lose the aspiration mentioned in [[2. Remarks#.6|2.6]] and sound = ''g, d, b, j, dz''.
sems nyid gcig gi rol pa - the display of the single ''mind essence'' [RY]
== .10 ==
 
''rja, rtsa + rdza'' often loose even the inherent t-sound in pronounciation and are spoken like ''j, s, z''.
[[Category: Key Terms]]

Revision as of 12:06, 26 January 2006

ngo sprod gnang ba - don dam sems kyi ngo sprod gnang ba - gave the pointing-out instruction to the ultimate mind essence; introduced me to mind's true nature [RY]

don dam sems kyi ngo sprod gnang ba - gave the pointing-out instruction to the ultimate mind essence; introduced me to mind's absolute nature [RY]

rang bzhin gnas rigs - Naturally present potential applies to the mind essence present as the unobstructed potential for the qualities of Dharmakaya arising from its empty aspect and the qualities of Rupakaya arising from its manifest aspect. It is called 'all-ground wisdom' (kun gzhi'i ye shes) because of being the ground from which both Samsara and Nirvana arise and the 'defiled Suchness' (dri bcas de bzhin nyid) because of being combined with defilement at the time of a sentient being. (YLS) (DKR) [RY]

sems kyi ngo bo - the nature of mind essence [IW]

sems kyi gshis - mind essence [RY]

sems ngo - 1) the mind essence, {sems kyi ngo bo}. 2) [simply] mind [RY]

sems ngo - 1) the mind essence; 2) [simply] mind; 3) my/one's own mind; 4) transmission [IW]

sems ngo skyongs pa - maintaining the mind essence [RY]

sems ngo mthong ba - Seeing the mind essence [RY]

sems nyid - chittata, mind 1) mind itself, mind essence, nature of mind, mind nature, mind as such, ultimate nature of mind, true nature of mind itself, mind-as-such. Syn {ngo bo rig pa}. 2) the mind [RY]

sems nyid gcig gi rol pa - the display of the single mind essence [RY]

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