nidāna (8252)

nidāna
Entry 8252, Page 295, Col. 2

(nidAna, nidAna)
nidāna¦, nt. (Skt. id. in mg. 1, but even here BHS develops the word differently from Skt.; most, perhaps all, mgs. found in Pali id.), (1) cause, underlying and determining factor; may be associated with virtual synonyms hetu, pratyaya, nimitta: paribhoga-nimittaṃ ca kāma- hetu-nidānaṃ ca…dṛṣṭadhārmikaṃ ca paryeṣṭi-nidānaṃ parigraha-nidānaṃ ca SP 77.14--15; sa-hetu sa-pratyayaṃ ca sa-nidānaṃ LV 376.21; jātī-nidāna jaravyādhiduḥkhāni bhonti LV 420.7 (vs), in the pratītya-samutpāda, where the regular term is pratyaya; Tib. here gzhi, underlying cause; dāne nidāne ca sukhodayānāṃ Jm 24.25 (vs), and since giving is the cause of happiness and advancement (word-play on dāna); (bodhisattvāḥ…) mahantānām utpādānāṃ nidānam anuprāpnuvanti, bhūtānām (true) utpādānāṃ nidānam anuprā° Mv ii.260.16, 17; sākāraṃ soddeśaṃ sa-nidānaṃ pūrvanivāsam anusmarati sma Mvy 229, he recalled his former births with their forms, locations, and underlying causes (i.e. what made them what they were; Tib. gzhi ci las ḥgyur ba daṅ bcas pa, together with from-what-cause-origination); the acc. sg. nidānaṃ is used adverbially, because of…, sometimes with dependent gen. preceding, mama nidānaṃ Mv ii.111.1, on my account; asmākam eva ni° Mv iii.221.9, tava…ni° 13; or in comp. with preceding pronominal stem, tan-nidānaṃ, for that reason, Bbh 29.2, 7; 72.18, etc.; Laṅk 251.2; (kasya [Page296-a+ 71] hetoḥ, so read with v.l.) kiṃnidānaṃ vā baddhaṃ SP 211.4, for what reason or cause was it tied on?; yan-nidānaṃ, inasmuch as, MSV ii.191.1 (= yad, 190.14), 11, and ff.; esp. commonly preceded by tato, yato, less often ato, ito, it being open to question whether these latter forms are compounded with nidānaṃ (like tan-, kiṃ-, yan-, above), or are dependent ablatives (like the gens. mama, etc., above); editors vary in printing them as one word or two (and so in Pali, tato-, yato-nidānaṃ): tato-nidānaṃ SP 347.12; Mv i.351.12; iii.66.5, 11; Śikṣ 84.6; Vaj 24.15; Bbh 46.25; ato-ni° Divy 448.4; MSV i.51.4; yato-ni° Śikṣ 100.12; Bbh 163.12; Ud ii.20 (duḥkhaṃ hi yo veda yatonidānaṃ, who knows misery, whence it is caused, = Pali id. in SN i.117.3; same line in Divy 224.18 reads yaḥ prekṣati duḥkham ito nidānaṃ, as caused from this); (2) (cause of action, so) motive, motivation, in tri-nidāna, q.v.; also prob. in Av i.169.14, teṣāṃ sattvānāṃ nidānam āśayānuśayaṃ copalakṣya svayam ārabdhaś cikitsāṃ… kartum, noting the motives, the disposition and inclination (see anuśaya) of these creatures (who were afflicted with a pestilence; i.e. finding them worthy), himself undertook to give them medical treatment; otherwise Feer, who under- stands cause (of the disease) of these creatures; it is true that Pali nidāna means cause (aetiology) of disease in Miln. 272.13, but it seems to me forcing the Av passage to read that mg. into it, esp. since the coordinated āśayānuśaya can hardly be applied to disease (tho Feer makes the attempt); (3) beginning, introduction (cf. Pali Nidāna- kathā, the introduction to Jāt.): nidāna-parivartaḥ prathamaḥ Suv 5.6, colophon to Chap. 1, the first, Intro- ductory Chapter; nidāna-namaskarāṇi samāptāni Mv i.2.12, colophon, the introductory salutations; iti śrīmahāvastu- nidāna-gāthā samāptā Mv i.4.11, colophon, the first gāthā of the Mv (lines 9--10, which Senart prints as prose but which obviously were a verse, and the first one in Mv); (4) theme, content, subject-matter: vaipulyasūtraṃ hi mahānidānam LV 7.9 (vs),…having an exalted theme, Tib. gleṅ gzhi (subject of discourse) chen po (great); yathā Śrāvastyāṃ tatra vinaye tantravāyasya) nidānaṃ varṇa- yanti Karmav 71.(10--)11, as here in the Vinaya they describe the theme (matter, account) of the weaver at Śrāvastī; Śrāvastyāṃ nidānaṃ Divy 123.16; 198.1: MSV i.v.4, at the beginning of a story, the theme (subject-matter) is (laid) in Ś. (so also Pali, e.g. SN v.12.9); yad-yat tvayā- bhihitaṃ nidāne Divy 626.29 (vs),…on (this) theme, subject; uktaṃ nu te saumya guṇe nidānaṃ 627.1,…the subject-matter (theme, account) on (the subject of) quality; …vadāmi dharmaṃ, bodhiṃ nidānaṃ kariyāna nityam SP 128.7 (vs), I declare the doctrine, making enlightenment my constant theme; sanidānaṃ ahaṃ…śrāvakāṇāṃ dharmaṃ deśayāmi na anidānaṃ Mv iii.51.12--13, I preach to my disciples the doctrine including its content, not devoid of content; vistareṇa nidānaṃ kṛtvā, a phrase indicating abbreviation of a cliché, making the content (theme, subject- matter) in full, Mv i.4.13--14 (here Senart em. kṛtyaṃ, all 6 mss. kṛtvā, which he keeps in the rest); ii.115.7; iii.224.12; 377.1, 8; 382.9; 389.14; 401.20; in all these reference is to the cliché given in full e.g. Mv i.34.1 ff.; (5) as title of a class or type of work or subdivision of the Buddhist canon, acc. to Tib. on Mvy = gleṅ gzhiḥi (ed. bzhiḥi) sde, statement of subject-matter, table of contents, summary (of a work): Mvy 1272, in list of dvādaśaka- dharma-pravacanam (omitted in Dharmas 62, navāṅga- pravacanāni, see Müller's note); in more informal lists of the same kind SP 45.8; Kv 81.21; (6) theme, subject, hence virtually occasion, parallel with prakaraṇa and velā, once also utpatti, vastu: etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ prakaraṇe tāye velāye (Divy tasyāṃ, misprinted tasyaṃ, velāyāṃ) Mv iii.91.17--18; Divy 654.21, on this occasion, in this connexion, at this time; (asyām utpattau) asmin nidāne (asmin pra- karaṇe asmin vastuni) Mvy (9209,) 9210, (9211--12). 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