puruṣa-damya-sārathi (9625)

puruṣa-damya-sārathi
Entry 9625, Page 348, Col. 2

(puruzadamyasAraTi, puruza-damya-sAraTi)
puruṣa-damya-sārathi¦ (= Pali purisa-damma-sā°; expl. Vism. 207.22 ff. essentially as here interpreted), charioteer (driver, tamer, controller) of human ones-that-need- to-be-tamed (= trained religiously; as Vism. indicates, dam = vi-nī, discipline); the figure clearly refers to taming animals, particularly horses, and indeed is no doubt directly based on Pali assa-damma-sārathi, q.v. in CPD; cf. such expressions as puruṣājāneya (see s.v. ājāneya), noble steed of a man. Ep. of a Buddha, or a Bodhisattva just before his attainment of Buddhahood. Often misunder- stood; further evidence supporting the interpretation here given will be found below. Tib. (on Mvy 10, LV 3.4 etc.) skyes bu ḥdul baḥi (of human [to-be-] tamed ones, more lit. of [to-be-] tamed men) kha lo (b)sgyur ba (helm-governor = charioteer). In Tocharian yātäṣlyes yāpy ā(śa)nt, leader of one to be tamed (omitting puruṣa; yāpy is uncertain, possibly helm as in Tib.). Regularly in cliché listing characteristics of a Buddha: SP 17.11; 65.6; 144.6; 156.4; LV 3.4; Mvy 10; Mv i.38.12; 238.15; 330.2; 331.1; 332.4; 335.16; Divy 54.13 etc.; Av i.65.12 etc.; Suv 168.10; in Mv i.4.9 (read with mss., and print the sentence as an āryā vs, not prose as in Senart) puruṣasiṃhasārathinā (Senart em. puruṣadamya°), controller of lions of men, evidently meant as a much stronger variant of the usual term, but incidentally confirms our interpretation of the latter; so also does the epithet puruṣadamyasārathinā in another formulaic series of epithets applied to the Bo- dhisattva just before his enlightenment, in which several preceding epithets compare him to animals, such as puruṣarṣabheṇa, puruṣasiṃhena: LV 350.12; Mv i.229.9; ii.133.9; 284.19; 415.21; in less formulaic passages LV 428.5; abstr. °sārathi-tā, state of being…, meaning the state of Buddhahood which Bodhisattvas are to attain: Mv ii.260.11; 261.12.

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