saṃvṛti (15428)

saṃvṛti
Entry 15428, Page 541, Col. 1

(saMvfti, saMvfti)
saṃvṛti¦, f., (1) in the sense of saṃvara (1), noted only Sūtrāl. iv.4 śīla-°tiḥ; (2) (= Pali saṃmuti; see also sāṃvṛta), convention, general (popular) acceptance or belief; ‘common sense’; conditioned, exoteric, dependent, limited truth or knowledge, often in contrast with para- mārtha (so also in Pali, e.g. Miln. 160.1 saṃmuti mahārāja esā, ahan-ti mamāti, na paramattho eso); Tib. regularly kun rdzob, altogether void; may have been etym. under- stood sometimes as covering, but I have found no clear evidence for this (which is Bendall and Rouse's rendering, e.g. p. 236, on Śikṣ 256.4, 5) and believe it misleading; Pali saṃmuti suggests the true etym. (root man); cf. under (3) below: yāḥ kāścana saṃvṛtayo hi loke, sarvā hi tā munir nopaiti Bbh 48.24 (vs, metr. deficient) = Pali Sn 897, reading saṃmutiyo; defined Bbh 49.(3--)5 as verbal symbols (prajñapti 4, q.v. for citation, as also for Śikṣ 257.7--8 where saṃvṛti = nāmadheya, saṃketa, prajñapti); (laukikānāṃ…yasmin vastuni saṃketa-)-saṃvṛti-saṃ- stavanāgamapraviṣṭayā buddhyā darśanatulyatā bhavati, tad yathā pṛthivyāṃ, pṛthivy eveyaṃ nāgnir iti Bbh 37.9; saṃvṛtyā deśanā Laṅk 25.4; 33.5, instruction according to ‘common sense’; °ti-jñānam Mvy 1237 (et al., see jñāna), common-sense knowledge, = Pali saṃmuti-ñāṇa, the fourth of four kinds of knowledge (as also in Mvy), DN iii.226, [Page541-b+ 71] last line, expl. comm. iii.1020.15 ff. as any other kind of knowledge than the first three; asti saṃvṛtyā cakṣuḥ Śikṣ 357.11, the eye exists (only) in terms of limited, exoteric (common-sense) truth; similarly 358.19; saṃvṛti-vyavahā- reṇa Sukh 42.11, by conventional terminology or exoteric (not fundamentally true) manner of speaking; saṃvṛti- paramārthataḥ Śikṣ 2.8, (knowing) both as to exoteric and esoteric truth; etāvac caitat jñeyam, yad uta saṃvṛtiḥ paramārthaś ca. tac ca Bhagavatā śūnyataḥ sudṛṣṭaṃ… tatra saṃvṛtir lokapracāratas (because it is, or, as that which is, current in the world) Tathāgatena dṛṣṭā; yaḥ punaḥ paramārthaḥ so 'nabhilāpyaḥ Śikṣ 256.4; katham anadhiṣṭhānā saṃvṛtir yuktā, kathaṃ punar ayuktā? ya- thā sati (text 'sati) sthāṇau puruṣabhrāntiḥ; kasya punaḥ śūnyatāvādinaḥ paramārthataḥ sthāṇuḥ siddho, yadāś- rayāt puruṣabhrāntiḥ syād? Śikṣ 264.3 (Bendall and Rouse completely wrong), how may common-sense, which is without any sound basis, be right, and how on the other hand wrong? As, given a post, the delusion (occurs) that it is a man. But how, for one who believes in voidness, can in real (esoteric) truth the post be a fact, on the basis of which the delusion that it is a man might arise?; saṃvṛti-satya, common-sense truth, contrasted with paramārtha-s°, Mvy 6545 (Tib. kun rdzob kyi bden pa); Dharmas 95 (dve satye); Bbh 292.18 (dvividhaṃ satyam; but 17 has just said, avitathārthena tāvad ekam eva satyaṃ, na dvitīyam asti; this, of course, is paramārtha-s°); Bhad 6^3; the cpd. saṃmuti-sacca is cited from a late Pali text in Childers, and from Miln. 160(.1) by PTSD, but this last is an error (does the cpd. occur in older Pali?); saṃvṛti-saṃgha, MSV iii.116.19; 117.1, defined as one in which all members are pṛthagjana- kalyāṇaka, q.v., and in which (117.4) it is possible that a rite may be performed incorrectly in all innocence, hence conditioned assembly (of monks), where intentions are good but not necessarily results; (3) consent in the sense of a formal vote (of the saṃgha): yāni punas tāni (kulāni) śaikṣa-saṃvṛti-saṃmatāni…Prāt 526.3, families which have been held by formal declaration to be śaikṣa; so Chin.; note association of saṃvṛti with saṃmata (etym.!); samagreṇa ca bhikṣuṇīsaṃghena avandanārha- saṃvṛtyā saṃmataḥ Bhīk 28b.4 and (an expelled monk) who by the entire congregation of nuns has been judged by formal vote that he is unworthy to be saluted; does Pali saṃmuti have this mg.? for such passages as Vin. iii.199.26 bhikkhu-saṃmutiyā the Dictt. and Transl. give by permis- sion of the (order of) monks, which here at least is possible; this, rather than vote (but the saṃgha did in fact vote on the question!), may be the meaning in brahmacaryopa- sthāna-saṃvṛtiṃ yācitavyā Bhīk 17b.1, she must be made to ask for permission (or, for a vote, sc. that she be allowed) to enter the religious life; so, āryikā-saṃghāt °tiṃ yāce ib. 2, (the initiate says) I ask (this) permission (or vote) from the assembly of venerable nuns. Both Prat 526.3 and Bhīk 28b.4 associate saṃvṛti (Pali saṃmuti) with saṃ- mata, suggesting that. °vṛti is hyper-Skt. for Pali °muti.

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