2453
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| སྐྱེ་བའི་སྡུག་བསྔལ། | |
| English | the pain of birth or being born |
|---|---|
| Chinese | 生苦 |
| Sanskrit (dev) | जातिदुःखम् |
| Sanskrit (translit) | jātiduḥkham |
| Sanskrit (Tibetanized) | ཛཱ༌ཏི༌དུཿཁཾ། |
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