lig bu mig

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ལིག་བུ་མིག
malachite [JV]

(sman) Goethite (dGa' ba'i rDo rje 1998)
Chalcedony (Drungtso 1999)
Malachite (Yeshi 2018)
Synonyms : sau ti dze na, si sarbhe ra (Shel gong)

lig bu mig dang de bzhin btsag yugs rnams / mig nad rus tshad sel zhing chu ser skem / zhes pa'i lig bu mig ni / rang byung pas / smug po mig gdon kun la phan / zhes gsungs / ming / sau ti dze na / si sarbhe ra / zer / rdo smug nag mdung rtse 'dra ba la de las nag cing mkhregs pa'o / la las nag po mdung rtse zer / kha dog smug nag mdung rtser bod pa'o / 'di la rigs dkar sngo yang 'ong bar bshad / slob dpon hu'm chen ka ra'i pad dkar chun po las rin po che'i rigs bshad skabs / lig bu mig ni ngo bo rdo yin zhing / dmar ser sngo ljang 'dres pas mig gi rgyan / 'di ni chu las byung ba'i rin po che / zhes gsungs pa'i lung 'di'i sgo nas phal cher gyis skas 'dir gzi yin gsungs pa / de yang rtsa ba nas nor te / lung 'di dkar khra man la dgos pa yin / nus pa yang / 'di yi nus pas rgyu skar gnod pa thub / gsungs pa khra man gyi nus bshad do / gzi la ngos 'dzin pa rang nor ba ni / gzi la dmar ser sngo ljang gi ri mo med pas so / 'di skabs bshad pa'i lig bu mig dang hu'm chen pas gsungs pa mi gcig pa ni / yang na hu'm chen ka ras rdo ngo ma shes nas rin po cher rlom par zad / yang na rgyud chen bzhi mdzad pa pos rin po che ngo ma shes nas rdo'i sde tshan du bshad par thal / ci'i phyir na / hu'm chen pas / rin po che'i sder bshad la / 'di ni chu las byung ba'i rin po che zhes gsungs / rgyud 'dir rdo'i sman gyi nus pa bstan pa ni / zhes rdo'i [133] sder bshad pa las / sngon du rin po che'i sder ma bshad pas so / ngo bo yang rim pas rdo'i gras su / lig bu mig dang btsag dang / yugs dang gsum nus pa yang rim pas / mig nad / rus tshad / chu ser gsum gsungs pa dang gab sprad na / lig bu mig gis mig nad sel / btsag gis rus tshad sel / yugs kyis chu ser skem par bshad pa'o / 'on kyang btsag yugs gnyis gcig tu brtsi ba 'ga' yang 'khrul lo / btsag ni / rdo btsag dmar po ste / ming ni / gai ri ka dang / tum ya zer / 'dis 'og nas don pa'i rdo btsag dmar po shing tshon nyen pa de'o / yugs ni / rang byung pas / smug gis rma yi chu ser skem / gsungs par ming / yugs rdo / smug rdo / rde'u khrag ldag zer / rdo smug po lci la 'jam pas shog bu ur byed rung ba / 'od can dbyibs zlum pa la leb 'jong sogs cung ma nges pa / ri mo dmar smug dod pa / rgyu mtshan gser sa 'og nas 'bud pa'i mu la yugs bas / rde'u 'di gar yod du gser yod par ngos 'dzin nas gser rkos pa rnams sa 'dir brkos na gser yod par khyab / 'dir yugs rdo 'bud cing 'dug ces gleng bas gsal / kha cig tu btsag yugs gcig par mdzad nas / ngos sa sngon la bzung ba nor // (Shel gong shel phreng, pdf p 132.1)

Illustrations : 'Phrin Las (25_120) lig bu mig mchog lig bu mig lugs gcig (25_121) gzi rigs kyi lig bu mig. Parfionovitch (23_136) lig bu mig mchog, Superiour chalcedony (23_137) lig bu mig lug gcig, One variety of chalcedony (23_138) gzi rigs kyi lig bu mig, Banded chalcedony

lig bu mig is a very ambiguous term.
In it's early use, lig bu mig translates srotañjana or añjana, both meaning collyrium and antimony (Mahāvuytpatti (~8th.c.) n° 5778; Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (~ 11th.c.) (I.10_31-32, 15_36-39). It strongly recalls the ancient Egyptian use of antimony and galena (lead oxide) as protective and cosmetic eye preparation, which continues in the form of kohl still today. It is mirrored in the puṣpāñjana dvaya of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (ra gan dud in the tibetan translation), comprised of srotoñjana and sauvirāñjana (antimony and galena, corresponding to lig bu mig and stang zil).
The Shel gong Shel phreng (16th.c.) has a notice of lig bu mig together with the iron ores btsag and yug. lig bu mig has still a particular use for eye diseases, and the synonym sau ti dze na echoes certainly srotañjana. But the identification shifts away from antimony, and the discussion shows the ambiguity. One source describes it as dark red-brown, similar to mdung rtse, some calling it nag po rdung rtse. According to others, there are also white and blue forms, even red, yellow, blue and green, approaching lig bu mig to gzi or khra man.
The Medical Thangkas, contemporary with the Shel gong, might well show both interpretations. Parfionovitch's numbering is preferrable to that of 'Phrin Las : (23_136) shows an amorphous, dark brown rock, for which an iron ore would fit better than Parfionovitch's 'Superiour chalcedony'. (23_137) could well be a chalcedony stone, and (23_138) shows clearly a gzi and an agate-like banded stone. But in the notices concerning agates (mchong, khra man, gzi), the use for eye diseases is not mentioned.
Furthermore, one finds malachite in the dictionaries of Jäschke and Das. Usually called spang ma, this copper mineral is mostly bright green, but can be dark to almost black and appears often in banded forms, like agate. It is often found with the iron ore goethite.
One finds all three interpretations still today :
dGa' ba'i rDo rje (1998) argues in favour of mdung rtse and takes lig bu mig as synonym for smug po chig thub, the iron ore goethite.
Drungtso (1999) in his medical dictionary and Parfionovitch in the 'Medical Thangkas' identify lig bu mig with chalcedony.
And Yeshi (2018) proposes in the Geopharmaceuticals malachite, indicating it for eye diseases, and which might be represented in thangka image (23_137) lig bu mig lug gcig (but the colour is rather purplish than green).
Johannes Schmidt (talk) 07:46, 27 February 2024 (EST)