Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal
1594-1651 - Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, one of the two incarnations of the fourth Drukchen, contributed to unite Bhutan as a state [RY]
17th century; the 1st, 1594-1651 [RY]
zhabs drung ngag dbang rnam rgyal [17th century founder of Bhutan] [IW]
Short biography of Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal
Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal [1594-1651], Was the reincarnation of the 4th Drukchen ('brug chen), the Omniscient Pema Karpo (kun mkhyen padma dkar po). Like all previous Drukchen incarnations, he was born into the royal Gya (rgya) family descended from Tsangpa Gyare Yeshe Dorje. His father was Mipham Tenpai Nyima (yab chen mi pham bstan pa'i nyi ma) [1567-1619] the son of 'brug chen mi pham chos rgyal and his mother Sonam Pelkyi Butri (bsod nams dpal gyi bu khrid), daughter of the ruler of skyid shod.
He was enthroned as the 18th Abbot of Ralung (rwa lung), the first 'brug pa monastery to be established in Tibet. Following the prophecy of pad ma dkar po, zhabs drung ngag dbang rnam rgyal left for western Bhutan, where the 'brug pa bka' brgyud school had already been established, and founded the Cheri Monastery in 1619 in Thimphu valley. In 1629, he founded his first fortress, Dzong Simtokha, near Thimphu. As the temporal and spiritual ruler of Bhutan, zhabs drung ngag dbang rnam rgya unified Bhutan for the first time in its history.
Alternate Names
Primary Teachers
- yongs 'dzin lha dbang blo gros
- mi pham bstan pa'i nyi ma
Students
- pad dkar 'byung gnas [1604-1672] ('brug rje mkhan po 1)
- bsod nams 'od zer [1613-1689] ('brug rje mkhan po 2)
- pad dkar lhun grub [1640-1699] ('brug rje mkhan po 3)
- dam chos pad dkar [1639-1708] ('brug rje mkhan po 4)
- bzod pa 'phrin las [1645-1729] ('brug rje mkhan po 5)
- grub dbang ngag dbang bsam gtan [1631-1709]
- yongs 'dzin bzod pa pad dkar
Primary Lineage
Written Sources
- Author: gtsang mkhan chen 'jam dpal bshes gnyen [1610-1684]. Title: dpal 'brug pa rin po che ngag dbang rnam rgyal gyi rnam thar rgyas pa chos kyi sprin chen po'i dbyangs.
- Author: dge 'dun rin chen [1926-1997] ('brug rje mkhan po 69). Title: dpal ldan 'brug pa'i gdul zhing lho phyogs nags mo'i ljongs kyi chos 'byung blo gsar rna ba'i rgyan (lho yi chos 'byung blo gsar rna rgyan).