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'''Longchen Nyingt'hig''' ([[klong chen snying thig]]) - '''Heart Essence of the Vast Expanse'''
Bardo ([[bar do]], antarabhava). 'Intermediate state.'  
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The Longchen Nyingt'hig is a [[Terma]] cycle revealed by the master [[Jigme Lingpa]]. Since its inception in the late 18th century, it has become one of the most widespread sets of teachings in the [[Nyingma]] tradition. It is particularly known and loved for its extensive commentarial literature, which includes practice manuals such as the famed ''[[Yeshe Lama]]''.


These teachings were originally transmitted by the master [[Padmasambhava]] to [[King Trisong Deutsen]], the [[Dakini]] [[Yeshe Tsogyal]] and the [[Lotsawa]] [[Vairochana]] at [[Samye Monastery]] in central Tibet. As the time for these teachings to spread was not yet right, they were then written in symbolic script by Yeshe Tsogyal, entrusted to the Dakinis, and hidden to be revealed at a later time. The king later reincarnated as the [[Terton|Treasure Revealer]] Jigme Lingpa, who recalled the teachings he had received and, recognizing the time was ripe for them to be practised, put them down in writing and began to teach.
*Usually refers to the period between death and the next rebirth. [RY]


Jigme Lingpa, the [[Terton]] who revealed this cycle of teachings, was a reincarnation of two important masters, [[Vimalamitra]] and [[King Trisong Deutsen]]. As the embodiment of these two figures, Tibet's two primary [[Dzogchen]] lineages were combined in Jigme Lingpa -- the [[Vima Nyingthig]] and [[Khandro Nyingt'hig]], both of which are contained in the [[Nyingt'hig Yabshi]]. Hence, the Longchen Nyingt'hig terma cycle is considered a condensation of these profound teachings.
*For details of the [[four bardos]], see [[Mirror of Mindfulness]] and [[Bardo Guidebook]], Rangjung Yeshe Publications. [RY]


The texts that were revealed by Jigme Lingpa, in their present-day form, comprise three volumes, known as the [[Nyingt'hig Tsapod]] (''[[snying thig rtsa pod]]''). The numerous treatises, sadhanas and prayers it contains deal primarily with tantric practice, in particular the stages of [[Development Stage]] and [[Dzogchen]].


===Lineage===
*Bardo ([[bar do]]), "intermediate" or "transition" state, commonly refers to the state and lapse of time occurring between death and the next rebirth. More precisely one can recognize [[six bardos]]: the bardo of birth and life ([[skye gnas bar do]]), of meditative concentration ([[sam gtan bar do]]), of dream ([[rmi lam bar do]]), of the instant of death ([['chi kha bar do]]), of the absolute nature ([[chos nyid bar do]]), and of seeking a new existence ([[srid pa bar do]]). [MR]  
*The '''primary lineage''' is as follows:
----
**[[Samantabhadra]] - [[Dharmakaya]]<br>
**[[Vajrasattva]] - [[Sambhogakaya]]<br>
**[[Garab Dorje]] - [[Nirmanakaya]]<br>
**[[Manjushrimitra]]<br>
**[[Shri Singha]]<br>
**[[Vimalamitra]]<br>
**[[Padmasambhava]]<br>
**[[Yeshe Tsogyal]]<br>
**[[Trisong Deutsen]]<br>
**[[Longchenpa]]<br>
**[[Jigme Lingpa]]<br>
**[[Jigme Trinle Ozer]] and [[Jigme Gyalwey Nyugu]]<br>
 
*Lineage descending from Jigme Lingpa's heart son '''Jigme Trinle Ozer''' to the present '''Dodrupchen Rinpoche''':
**[[Dola Jigme Kalzang]] and [[Do Khyentse Yeshe Dorje]]
**[[Gyalse Shenpen Thaye]]<br>
**[[Khenchen Pema Dorje]]<br>
**[[Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo]]<br>
**[[Dodrup Tenpey Nyima]] (third [[Dodrupchen Rinpoche]])<br>
**[[Khenpo Kunpal]]<br>
**[[Thubten Trinle Palzangpo]] (fourth [[Dodrupchen Rinpoche]])<br>
 
*Lineage descending from Jigme Lingpa's heart son '''Jigme Gyalwe Nyugu''' to the present-day master '''Chatral Rinpoche''':
**[[Patrul Rinpoche]]<br>
**[[Lungtog Tenpe Nyima]]<br>
**[[Khenpo Ngagchung]]<br>
**[[Chatral Rinpoche]]<br>
 
===Other Lineage Masters===
*[[Mingyur Namkhai Dorje]] (the fourth [[Dzogchen Rinpoche]])<br>
*[[Onpo Tendzin Norbu]]<br>
*[[Adzom Drukpa]]<br>
*[[Thubten Chokyi Dorje]] (the fifth [[Dzogchen Rinpoche]])<br>
*[[Yukhok Chatralwa]]<br>
*[[Jamyang Khyentse Chokyi Lodro]]<br>
*[[Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche]]<br>
 
===Primary Sadhanas===
The Longchen Nyingt'hig cycle relates primarily to the teachings of [[Dzogchen]], particularly the [[Innermost Essence]] teachings. Though there are various practices and [[Sadhanas]] found in this tradition, such practices are approached from this Dzogchen perspective. These practices include:
 
*Preliminary Practice ([[sngon 'gro]])
**[[The Excellent Path To Omniscience]] ([[rnam mkhyen lam bzang]])
**See also [[Longchen Nyingt'hig Ngondro]]
 
*Peaceful Male [[Vidyadhara]] [[Sadhana]]s:
**Outer Guru Practice: [[Guru Yoga]] ([[bla ma'i rnal 'byor]])
**Inner Guru Practice: [[Rigdzin Dupa]] ([[rig 'dzin 'dus pa]])
**Secret Guru Practice: [[Dukngal Rangdrol]] ([[sdug bsngal rang grol]])
**Utmost Guru Secret Practice: [[Ladrup Thigle Gyachen]] ([[bla sgrub thig le'i rgya chen]])
 
*Wrathful male [[Vidyadhara]] [[Sadhana]]s:
**[[Palchen Dupa]] ([[dpal chen 'dus pa]])
**[[Takyung Barwa]] ([[rta khyung 'bar ba]])
**Secret Practice: [[Dukngal Rangdrol]] ([[sdug bsngal rang grol]])
**Utmost Secret Practice: [[Ladrup Thigle Gyachen]] ([[bla sgrub thig le'i rgya chen]])
 
*Female [[Vidyadhara]] [[Sadhana]]s:
**[[Yumkha Dechen Gyalmo]] ([[yum mkha' bde chen rgyal mo]])
**[[Senge Dongchen]] ([[seng nge'i gdong chen]])
 
*Chod Practice
**[[The Bellowing Laugh of the Dakinis]] ([[mkha' 'gro gad rgyangs]])
 
===Primary Texts===
*The '''main Tantras and instructions''' of the Longchen Nyingt'hig:
**[[Kuntuzangpo Yeshe Long Ki Gyu]] ([[kun tu bzang po ye she klong gi rgyud]])
**[[Gyu Chima]] ([[rgyud phyi ma]])
**[[Nesum Shenje]] ([[gnad gsum shan 'byed]])
**[[Neluk Dorje Tsik-kang]] ([[gnas lugs rdo rje tshig rkang]])
**[[Yeshe Lama]] ([[ye shes bla ma]]) and its supporting commentaries
 
*'''[[Preliminary Practice]]''' instructions:
**[[The Steps to Liberation]] (thun mong gi sngon 'gro sems sbyong rnam pa bdun gyi don khrid thar ba'i them skas thar ba'i them skas)
**[[Establishing Practice]] (rdzogs pa chen po klong chen snying thig gi thun mong gi sngon 'gro khrid kyi lag len la 'debs lugs)
**[[Establishing Mindfulness]] (rdzogs pa chen po klong chen snying thig gi thun mong ma yin pa'i sngon 'gro'i khrid yig dran pa nyer gzhag)
 
*'''[[Development Stage]]''' practice instructions:
**[[The Ladder to Akanishta]] ([['og min bgrod pa’i them skas]])bskyed rim lha’i khrid kyi rnam par gzhag pa)
**[[The Advice of Palchen]] (yo ga gsum gyi spyi chings dpal chen zhal lung)
 
*[[Completion Stage]] practice instructions:
**[[A Wish-fulfilling Jewel: A Condensation of the Oral Lineage for Completion Stage, Bliss-emptiness Energy]] (bde stong rlung gi rdzogs rim snyan rgyud shog dril yid bzhin nor bu)
**[[A Short Text on the Blazing and Dripping of Tummo]] (gtum mo'i 'bar 'dzag yig chung)
 
*Prayers and Aspirations:
**[[bde can zhing bkod smon lam]]
**[[gzhi lam 'bras bu'i smon lam]]
**[[sku gsum zhing khams sbyong ba'i gsol 'debs smon lam]]; also known as ([[zhing sbyong smon lam]])
**[[bar do'i smon lam dgongs gcig rgya mtsho]]
**[[zangs mdog dpal ri'i smon lam dpal ri'i gsang lam]]
 
===Present Day Teachers of the Longchen Nyingt'hig===
*[[Thubten Trinle Palzangpo]] (fourth [[Dodrupchen Rinpoche]])<br>
*[[Chatral Rinpoche]]<br>
*[[Trulshik Rinpoche]]<br>
*[[Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche]]<br>
*[[Sogyal Rinpoche]]<br>
*[[Pema Wangyal Rinpoche]]<br>
*[[Shechen Rabjam Rinpoche]]<br>
*[[Jigme Losel Wangpo]] (the seventh [[Dzogchen Rinpoche]])<br>
*The son of Adzom Druktrul (name unknown)<br>
*[[Tulku Thondup]]
 
===Longchen Nyingt'hig Literature in Translation===
*Works on the '''[[Longchen Nyingthig Ngondro]]''':
**Patrul Rinpoche (1994). '''Words of My Perfect Teacher'''. Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group. San Francisco: HarperCollins. ISBN?
**Ngawang Pelzang, Khenpo (2004). '''A Guide to the Words of My Perfect Teacher'''. Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group. Boston: Shambhala Publications. ISBN?
**'''An Elucidation of The Path To Excellent Omniscience'''. Translated by the [[Vajravairochana Translation Committee]]. Halifax: Vajravairochana Translation Committee, 1996.
**Thondup, Tulku (1982). '''Dzogchen: Innermost Essence Preliminary Practice'''. India: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives.
 
*Works on '''[[Dzogchen]]''':
**'''Yeshe Lama'''. Translated by Sangye Khandro.
**Van Schaik, Sam (2004). '''Approaching the Great Perfection'''. Boston: Wisdom Publications.
 
*'''Sadhana Practices''':
**'''The Queen of Great Bliss of Long-Chen Nying-Thig'''. Translated by Tulku Thondup. Sikkim: Published by Dodrup Chen Rinpoche, 1992. A translation of the [[Yumkha Dechen Gyalmo]] sadhana.
**'''The Assemblage of Vidyadharas of Long-Chen Nying-Thig'''. Translated by Tulku Thondup. Sikkim: Published by Dodrup Chen Rinpoche, 1992. A translation of the [[Rigdzin Dupa]] sadhana.
 
===Other References===
*Thondup, Tulku (1996) ''Masters of Meditation and Miracles''. Boston: Shambhala Publications. - The most complete reference on the lineages and practices of the Longchen Nyingthig in the English language.
*Gyatso, Janet (1998). ''Apparitions of the Self''. Princeton: Princeton University Press. - Contains translations of two biographies of Jigme Lingpa.
 
===Alternate Names and Spellings===
*Longchen Nyingtik
*Longchen Nyingthig
*Heart Essence of the Vast Expanse
*Heart Essence of the Great Expanse
*Heart Essence of Longchenpa


===External Links===
See also:
[http://www.tbrc.org/cgi-bin/tbrcdatx?do=so&resource=W21024 TBRC] page on the Longchen Nyingthig<br>
*[[Four Bardos]]
[http://www.tbrc.org/cgi-bin/tbrcdatx?resource=O15&highlight= TBRC] listing of the treatises contained in the Longchen Nyingthig root texts
*[[Six Bardos]]


[[Category:Lineages & Teachings]]
[[Category: Vajrayana Terms]]
[[Category:Nyingma]]
[[Category:Nyingma Teachings]]
[[Category:Nyingma Literature]]
[[Category:Terma]]
[[Category:Dzogchen]]

Latest revision as of 07:28, 6 May 2006

Bardo (bar do, antarabhava). 'Intermediate state.'

  • Usually refers to the period between death and the next rebirth. [RY]


See also:

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