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Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vihāra (14339) + ((vihAra, vihAra) vihāra& … (vihAra, vihAra) vihāra¦, m. (Pali id.), in BHS chiefly in two mgs., both seemingly based on the meaning dwelling (to viharati, q.v.), (1) dwelling place of monks, esp. of a monkish community, monastery; so used also in Skt.: in this sense = Tib. gtsug lag khaṅ, house of sciences, because schools were associated with monasteries, Mvy 9096; 9152; (2) = Tib. gnas (pa), as for viharati, state of being, stage or condition of existence; sukhasparśa-vihāra-tā Mvy 6288; brahma-vi°, q.v.; see s.v. viharati for examples; others praviṣṭamānasya śubhair vihārair LV 7.2 (vs), prob. being entered into (instr. = loc.) fair states; mayā pramatta- vihārāye na samanvāhṛtaṃ (so read with mss.) Mv iii.355.1, by me (a devatā), in a negligent state, it was not considered that…, proved by vs version of same incident, mamedaṃ na viditaṃ pramattāye 356.5; ayaṃ (sc. Maitreya's dwelling, Vairocanavyūhālaṃkāragarbha) śūnyatānimit- tāpraṇihita-vihāra-vihāriṇām āvāsaḥ Gv 469.25, and long list of similar formulae, all with cpds. ending -vihāra- vihāriṇāṃ, the abode of those who dwell in the state of…; yat Tathāgataḥ tribhir…apratisamair vihāraiḥ tadba- hula-vihārī, āryeṇa vihāreṇa, divyena, brāhmeṇa; iyam asya vihāraparamatety ucyate. tatra śūnyatānimittā- praṇihita-vihārā (cf. Gv 469.25 above) nirodhasamāpatti- vihārāś cāryavihāra ity ucyate; catvāri dhyānāny ārupya- samāpattayaś ca divyo vihāra ity uc°; catvāry apramāṇāni (= brahmavihāra) brāhmo vi°…Bbh 90.7--13; twelve bodhisattva-vihāra, listed and explained at length in the ‘vihāra-chapter (paṭala)’ of Bbh, 317.5, 10 ff. (there is a 13th, the tāthāgato vi°, niruttaro vi°, 12--14), listed 15 ff., gotra-vi°, adhimukticaryā-vi°, pramudita-vi°, adhiśīla-vi°, etc. (the long chapter must be read to understand the terms which by themselves sound obscure); ten jñānapāramitā- vihāra, Gv 537.11 ff. (listed); in Bbh 332.20 ff. the standard 10 bodhisattva-bhūmi (q.v.) are called b°-vihārāḥ (line 23); cf. Sūtrāl. xx-xxi. 14 comm., ekādaśa vihārā ekādaśa bhūmayaḥ (the 11th is the buddha-bhūmi); (3) prob. walking (as in Skt.), in two almost identical passages in Divy: padā vihāra 78.6 ff. and 467.2 ff., also in MSV i.75.21 ff. (printed as cpd.), and iii.140.9, 19, walking, marching on foot (refers to passing around a holy place to the right, Divy 78.5, 467.1); below, mālāvihāraḥ kṛtaḥ Divy 78.25 and 467.26, and ff., and MSV i.76.18 ff., a garland-perambulation (?), precise mg. not clear to me; it is obviously some form of homage to the holy spot, more elaborate than the depositing of loose flowers (mukta- puṣpāṇi Divy 78.18; 467.18).ers to passing around a holy place to the right, Divy 78.5, 467.1); below, mālāvihāraḥ kṛtaḥ Divy 78.25 and 467.26, and ff., and MSV i.76.18 ff., a garland-perambulation (?), precise mg. not clear to me; it is obviously some form of homage to the holy spot, more elaborate than the depositing of loose flowers (mukta- puṣpāṇi Divy 78.18; 467.18).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/viharati (14337) + ((viharati, viharati) vih … (viharati, viharati) viharati¦, rarely °te (perh. m.c.), (= Pali id.) lives, dwells, spends one's time, in very general sense: usually = Tib. gnas (pa), e.g. Mvy 1478 ff.; sarve saddharma- guravo vyahārṣur (so read) viharanti ca, athāpi vihariṣ- yanti eṣa buddheṣu dharmatā Ud xxi.12, all (sc. Buddhas, past, present, and future) lived, live, and will live showing respect for the Good Law; this is the nature of Buddhas (= Pali AN ii.21.21--22, where the preceding prose makes the mg. clear; Chakravarti is unsatisfactory); Buddha- vihāreṇa viharan Mvy 354, living in the way of life of a B., = Tib. saṅs rgyas kyi gnas pas gnas pa; something like this is prob. meant by, vihārakuśalo dhīro tatra (viz. in the city of Ratanakholaka) viharate muniḥ Mv i.186.20 (vs), the wise Sage (Buddha) dwells there, knowing the right way (or the way appropriate to him, the Buddha's way) to live (Senart sees in vihāra-kuśalo a reference to the four brahma-vihāra, which I doubt; cf. Bbh 90.8 s.v. vihāra 2); buddha-vihāreṇa vatādya Tathāgato viharati, jina-vi° sarvajñatā-vi° mahānāga-vihāreṇa vatādya Tathāgato viharati, atītānāgatapratyutpannān vā tathāgatān…sa- manusmarati Sukh 3.11 ff., the T. is dwelling in the Buddha- state etc.; divyehi vihārehi āniñjehi vihārehi sāntatyehi vihārehi buddho buddha-vihārehi…(etc.) tehi tehi vihārehi viharati Mv i.34.11--14,…(Buddha) dwells in (various) states (conditions or modes of life); similarly ii.419.10--15; tadāpy ahaṃ bhagavan yadbhūyastvenāne- naiva vihāreṇa viharāmi SP 60.8, even then, Lord, I mostly live in this same state (here, of mind); there follows a quota- tion of the speaker's thoughts; hence at least one Chin. translator renders I think, using the same character which elsewhere renders cintayati; Tib. seems to render mchi ba (come, go, appear): rtag par nam mchi ba deḥi tshe bcom Idan ḥdas ḥdi ltar; Senart (p. xxiii) renders a similar phrase passe par les états d'esprit in Mv iii.225.10--14 ekapiṇḍapātreṇāhaṃ ānanda traimāsaṃ niṣīdiṣyaṃ puri- makānāṃ tathāgatānāṃ…vihārehi vihariṣyaṃ,…I will dwell in the states of being (mind ?) of the former Buddhas, which he then does; (Mañjuśrīḥ…) imaṃ dharmapar- yāyaṃ saṃprakāśayamānaḥ sukhasparśaṃ (v.l. sukhasaṃ- sparśaṃ) viharati SP 286.6,…dwells in a happy condition.s d'esprit in Mv iii.225.10--14 ekapiṇḍapātreṇāhaṃ ānanda traimāsaṃ niṣīdiṣyaṃ puri- makānāṃ tathāgatānāṃ…vihārehi vihariṣyaṃ,…I will dwell in the states of being (mind ?) of the former Buddhas, which he then does; (Mañjuśrīḥ…) imaṃ dharmapar- yāyaṃ saṃprakāśayamānaḥ sukhasparśaṃ (v.l. sukhasaṃ- sparśaṃ) viharati SP 286.6,…dwells in a happy condition.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vijñānāhāra (13762) + ((vijYAnAhAra, vijYAnAhAra) <b& … (vijYAnAhAra, vijYAnAhAra) vijñānāhāra¦, m. (= Pali viññā°), the fourth kind of ‘food’ (see s.v. kavalīkārāhāra), acc. to PTSD con- sisting of vijñāna as the food or material cause from which rebirth arises: Mvy 2287. Dharmas 70 seems (corruptly) to have dhyānāhāra instead. Cf. LaVallée-Poussin, AbhidhK. iii.121, which however does not furnish a clear deflinition.hyānāhāra instead. Cf. LaVallée-Poussin, AbhidhK. iii.121, which however does not furnish a clear deflinition.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vijñāna (13756) + ((vijYAna, vijYAna) vijñā … (vijYAna, vijYAna) vijñāna¦, nt. (in mgs. 3--5 = Pali viññāna; orig. in Skt., practical knowledge, opp. to jñāna, theoretical know- ledge, see Edgerton, Festschrift Winternitz, 217 ff.), (1) practical knowledge, applied knowledge, as in Skt., still clearly in LV 422.13 durvijñānaṃ (or v.l. °jñeyaṃ) tac cakraṃ jñāna-vijñāna-samatānubaddhatvāt, this wheel (of the Doctrine) is hard to know (practically), because it is [Page486-a+ 71] inseparably connected with identify of theoretical and prac- tical knowledge (i.e. can only be known by one whose theoretical knowledge is at the same time applied in practice); in Laṅk 156.11 ff. a dissertation on the dif- ference between jñāna and vi°, rendered by Suzuki, Studies 272, transcendental (i.e. absolute) and (merely) relative knowledge; I should prefer abstract and applied knowledge; but it is true that to the author of Laṅk applied knowledge (vij°) has only practical, and hence in the last analysis no real, application; the passage cited makes this very clear. Essentially similar is the contrast in jñāna-prati- saraṇena bhavitavyaṃ, na vijñāna-pratisaraṇena Mvy 1548; more at length Bbh 257.16 ff. bodhisattvaḥ adhi- gama-jñāne sāradarśī bhavati, na śruta-cintā-dharmārtha- vijñāna-mātrake; sa yad bhāvanāmayena jñānena jñāta- vyaṃ na tac chakyaṃ śrutacintā-vijñāna-mātrakeṇa vijñātum iti viditvā paramagambhīrān api tathāgatabhā- ṣitāṃ dharmān śrutvā na pratikṣipati; (2) two kinds of vi°, khyāti-vi° and vastuprativikalpa-vi°, qq.v., Laṅk 37.14 f.; vi° is aṣṭa-lakṣaṇa, ib., the list of 8 being given 235.7 ff., Suzuki, Studies, 189 (‘Ālaya, Manas, Manovi- jñāna, and the five sense-vijñāna’, on which see dhātu 3; the sixth is mano-vij°); (3) the sixth of the six ‘elements’, see dhātu 1b; (4) the fifth of the five (upādāna-)skandha, qq.v.; (5) the third link in the pratītyasamutpāda, q.v. In the last four categories often rendered consciousness, etc.; no single word or brief phrase can, of course, really suffice. In Bbh 49.17--18 (see s.v. naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñā°) short for vijñānānantyāyatana, in a cpd. 1b; (4) the fifth of the five (upādāna-)skandha, qq.v.; (5) the third link in the pratītyasamutpāda, q.v. In the last four categories often rendered consciousness, etc.; no single word or brief phrase can, of course, really suffice. In Bbh 49.17--18 (see s.v. naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñā°) short for vijñānānantyāyatana, in a cpd.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vikalpa (13606) + ((vikalpa, vikalpa) vikal … (vikalpa, vikalpa) vikalpa¦, m. (1) (Skt. id., BR s.v. 1 g, at least in very similar mg., but in BHS more technical; whether Pali vikappa occurs in this sense is not clear; cf. vikalpayati 1), (vain) imagining, esp. false discrimination between true and false, real and unreal; seems substantially identical with kalpa 3 and parikalpa 1: compounded or associated with one or both of them, qq.v., LV 34.11; Śikṣ 272.7; KP 94.3; LV 250.16; 420.11; 422.20; Gv 350.5--6; eṣo asaṅgaprājñaḥ kalpair vikalpamukto LV 223.21 (kalpair here = long periods of time; in next line kalpair is Lefm.'s insertion, mss. defective); in Dharmas 135 three vikalpāḥ, viz. anusmaraṇa-vi°, saṃtiraṇa-vi° (read saṃtīraṇa-, q.v., with v.l.), sahaja-vi° (cf. AbhidhK. LaV-P. i.60); eight vi° Bbh 50.23, listed 25--27, svabhāva-vi°, viśeṣa-, piṇḍagrāha-, aham iti vi°, mameti vi°, priya-, apriya-, tadubhayaviparītaś ca vikalpaḥ (all expl. in the sequel); Laṅk 227.18--19 also says, vikalpo 'ṣṭadhā bhidyate, but I find no evidence as to what the eight kinds are (are they connected with the eight vijñāna, mentioned in 227.10?); vikalpa is a common and important word in Laṅk, one of the five dharma (2, q.v. 3); kleśendhana- vikalpa-kṣayakaraṃ Laṅk 12.3--4, (Buddha) who destroys (false) discrimination, the fuel of the depravities (wrongly Suzuki); Suzuki's transl. seems also wrong in Laṅk 9.7 ff. (vss) anyatra hi vikalpo 'yaṃ buddhadharmākṛtisthitiḥ, ye paśyanti yathādṛṣṭaṃ na te paśyanti nāyakaṃ, apra- vṛttivikalpaś ca yadā buddhaṃ na paśyati, apravṛttibhave buddhaḥ saṃbuddho yadi paśyati, on the contrary (anya- tra) this is a false discrimination, viz. abiding in (resting upon) the external form of the Buddha and Doctrine. Those who see him as seen (with worldly sight), they do not (truly) see the Buddha. And when, having no productive-(false-)- discrimination, one does not see the Buddha (as an earthly figure), in non-originative condition, he is a Buddha, a Perfectly Enlightened One, if he sees (thus; the Wei rendering cited in Suzuki's note seems to me to support this); (2) (to vikalpayati 2; the noun not recorded in Pali) gift, provision (for a monk or saint or Buddha), esp. of garments: vayaṃ bhagavato divyāṃ vikalpāṃ duṣyāṇi (so mss.) dāsyāmaḥ. bhagavāṃ teṣāṃ devatānāṃ vikalpaṃ (Senart em. °pa; mss. kalpaṃ) duṣyapradānāni nādhivāsa- yati Mv iii.312.10--11, (let not the Lord accept a garment of linen rags;) we will give the Lord supernatural gifts, fine cloth garments. The Lord did not accept the present of those [Page480-b+ 71] gods, the gifts of fine garments; vikalpa-hetoḥ Bbh 128.16, as a gift (see the preceding passage s.v. vikalpayati 2).dhivāsa- yati Mv iii.312.10--11, (let not the Lord accept a garment of linen rags;) we will give the Lord supernatural gifts, fine cloth garments. The Lord did not accept the present of those [Page480-b+ 71] gods, the gifts of fine garments; vikalpa-hetoḥ Bbh 128.16, as a gift (see the preceding passage s.v. vikalpayati 2).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vipañcanaka (13904) + ((vipaYcanaka, vipaYcanaka) vipañcanaka¦, m., = next: Divy 548.22 (mss.). Cf. vaipañcanika, for which mss. at Mv i.207.13 = ii.12.3 point corruptly to vipañc°, unmetrically.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vi-pratyanīka (13972) + ((vipratyanIka, vi-pratyanIka) < … (vipratyanIka, vi-pratyanIka) vi-pratyanīka¦ (= Pali vipaccanīka; cf. °nīya(ka), vipratyayanīya, and a-pratyanīya; cpd. of vi, intensive, and pratyanīka; the forms with -ya(ka) are semi-Pktic, partly no doubt assimilated to suffixal forms in -īya, § 2.32), antipathetic, opposed, hostile, unwelcome: Bbh 98.15 °ka-virodha, hostility between (creatures that are by nature mutually) antipathetic (like snakes and mongooses, cats and mice, as the text explains); 389.7 (parasparavirud- dheṣu…) anyonyadṛṣṭiruci-vipratyanīka-vādiṣu; Mv iii. 196.8 °kaṃ khalu devatānāṃ, contrary (to the ways of men), see Jāt. iv.108.8 which makes clear the true form and mg. of the verse (not understood by Senart); in BHS commonly in cpd. sarvaloka-vi°, as epithet of dharma- (-paryāya), antipathetic (not acceptable, unwelcome) to the whole (ignorant) world, sometimes accompanied by parallel sarvalokāśraddheya (SP 290.12) or °kāśraddadhanīya (SP 230.7), not believable by…; with this usage cf. in Pali Pugg. 20.13 (sahadhammike vuccamāne, when something in accord with [the Buddha's] dhamma is being said)… vipaccanīka-sātatā, taking delight in contradicting it: so SP 230.7; 290.12; LV 89.21; 395.21; Mv iii.314.2, 16 (in both one ms. ends in °ya instead of °ka); Suv 81.7; AsP 305.3. dhamma is being said)… vipaccanīka-sātatā, taking delight in contradicting it: so SP 230.7; 290.12; LV 89.21; 395.21; Mv iii.314.2, 16 (in both one ms. ends in °ya instead of °ka); Suv 81.7; AsP 305.3.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/visaṃdhi (14301) + ((visaMDi, visaMDi) visaṃ … (visaMDi, visaMDi) visaṃdhi¦ (m. ?), (1) acc. to Tib. minor joint (of the body): (asmākaṃ…) saṃdhi-visaṃdhayaś ca duḥkhanti SP 100.12 (prose), and our joints and minor joints (so Tib., tshigs daṅ tshigs phreḥu) ache; (2) in SP 374.1 (vs) the same two words occur, and the mg. is not clear: (one who masters the SP) saṃdhiṃ visaṃdhiṃ ca vijānate 'sau (Tib. des ni mtshams daṅ tshigs [both mtshams and tshigs = saṃdhi] kyaṅ rab tu śes) sarveṣu dharmeṣu vilakṣaṇāni, prajānate artha niruktayaś ca yathā ca taṃ jānati bhāṣate tathā, perhaps he understands each connection and (minor?) interconnection, of various sorts (vilakṣaṇāni, prob. adj. with the two nouns) in all states of existence…) interconnection, of various sorts (vilakṣaṇāni, prob. adj. with the two nouns) in all states of existence…)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/visṛṣṭa (14314) + ((visfzwa, visfzwa) visṛṣ … (visfzwa, visfzwa) visṛṣṭa¦, adj. (= Pali vissaṭṭha), clear, distinct (of voice, speech): visṛṣṭaś ca (of Buddha's voice, svara; in [Page504-a+ 71] a list of epithets) Mv iii.343.1; °ṭena svareṇa…svā- dhyāyaṃ karontī 391.8, of a female ascetic.ii.343.1; °ṭena svareṇa…svā- dhyāyaṃ karontī 391.8, of a female ascetic.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/visnapayati, visnā° (14327) + ((visnapayati, visnapayati, visnA°)<br&g … (visnapayati, visnapayati, visnA°) visnapayati, visnā°¦ (cf. AMg. viṇhāvaṇaka, a bath in holy water; no other form or deriv. of vi-snā-has been found outside of a Nirukta etym.), bathes (trans.): visnapī (aor.) nāyakaṃ LV 93.2 (vs); (paramasurabhigandhodaka-) kalaśair visnāpya Gv 381.20 (prose). [Page504-b+ 71]aṃ LV 93.2 (vs); (paramasurabhigandhodaka-) kalaśair visnāpya Gv 381.20 (prose). [Page504-b+ 71])
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vistara, (1) (14316) + ((vistara, vistara) vista … (vistara, vistara) vistara, (1)¦ nt. = Skt. m., (great) extent: mohapaṭala- °raṃ bhinnaṃ (n. sg.) LV 373.12 (vs); (2) m. (special application of Skt.; Pali vitthāra similarly used), the full text (of a cliché, or well-known passage) is to be supplied, an indication of abbreviation: vistaraḥ Divy 428.11 (the full text meant is found in 132.20 ff.); usually instr. adv. vistareṇa, (supply) in full, Mv i. 47.16; °ṇa kāryam Divy 377.1, the text is to be done (i.e. recited) in full; the text may be specifically named, °reṇa rākṣasīsūtraṃ (Divy chap. 8) sarvaṃ vādyam Divy 524.19--20; vistareṇa yāvat, (read) in full (the part here omitted) as far as… (the foll. words resume the text at a later point) Mv i.1.10; Divy 381.10; 394.5; 406.19; Bbh 230.1; cf. peyāla, similarly used, and vistīrṇa; (3) (= Skt. Lex. id.; Skt. viṣṭara, M. viṭṭhara), seat: netrāṇi cābharaṇa-vāhana-vistarāṃś ca dattvā…Mv i.83.16 (vs), (Buddhas) having given away their eyes, and ornaments, vehicles, and seats; (4) in Divy 84.4 (vs) gṛha-vistaraḥ should mean (or represent a word that means) a poor, mean house (see description 83.20 ff.): divyaṃ cāsya sudhābhaktam ayaṃ ca gṛha-vi°, suvi- ruddham iti kṛtvā jāto me hṛdi saṃśayaḥ (mss. °yam), heavenly is his nectar-food, and (yet) this is a miserable house… I suspect a corruption. But MSV i.83.3 agrees. Perhaps, after all, and (merely) this is the size of the house (?).ā jāto me hṛdi saṃśayaḥ (mss. °yam), heavenly is his nectar-food, and (yet) this is a miserable house… I suspect a corruption. But MSV i.83.3 agrees. Perhaps, after all, and (merely) this is the size of the house (?).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vivācayati, (?) vipācayati (14197) + ((vivAcayati, vivAcayati, (?) vipAcayati)&l … (vivAcayati, vivAcayati, (?) vipAcayati) vivācayati, (?) vipācayati¦ (= Pali vipāceti), grum- bles, makes disapproving remarks: °yanti Mvy 2643 (= Tib. kha zer ba, acc. to Das = mukhara, loquacious, but Lex. also abusive); Divy 492.17; MSV i.44.16; 236.13; °yati Mvy 9360, but here Mironov vipācayati (= Pali), and Tib. rnam par smod pa, speaks abusively; always the third of a series of near-synonyms, avadhyāyati (Skt.) and kṣipati (Skt.; in Divy dhriyati, in Mv perhaps kṣīyati, q.v., in a similar context) being the others; in Pali, ujjhāy- ati khīyati vipāceti. Orig. form not clear; if it was vipāc°, what etym.? Yet vivāc° looks like a lect. fac., and is not really a natural form (caus. to vi-vac-?); the occurrence of vipāc- in Mironov also makes one doubtful. Perhaps vipācayati was a bit of ancient slang: gets (one) cooked = reviles.he occurrence of vipāc- in Mironov also makes one doubtful. Perhaps vipācayati was a bit of ancient slang: gets (one) cooked = reviles.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vivarta (14188) + ((vivarta, vivarta) vivar … (vivarta, vivarta) vivarta¦ (m. ? to vivartati 2), with or sc. kalpa, (period of) evolution of the world, after a periodic destruc- [Page499-b+ 71] tion (saṃvarta); so Pali vivaṭṭa and saṃvaṭṭa (mis- defined PTSD, which precisely inverts the mgs.; Childers is correct; see notably Vism. 419.29 ff. which is completely clear, and consistent with BHS); °ta-kalpaḥ Mvy 8280, saṃvarta-k° 8279; caturaśīti-saṃvartavivarta-sthito Mv i.63.6, (the Lord) abides thru 84 periods of destruction and (new) evolution (see passage s.v. vivartati 2); yāvat saṃvartakalpam api vivartakalpam api saṃvarta-vivarta- kalpam api anekāny api saṃvartavivartakalpāny anusma- rati sma (sc. the Buddha) LV 345.11--12; similarly Mv i.229.1 ff.; ii.284.10 ff.; and substantially ii.133.1--2, where mss. are more confused, one (followed by Senart) anekāpi saṃvartakalpā vā anekāpi saṃvartā anekāpi vivartā anekāpi saṃvartavivartakalpā (the other ms. always kalpā after vi° and saṃ°); saṃvarta (v.l. °taṃ) ca vivarta (v.l. °taṃ; so mss.) ca aśītiṃ tena karmaṇā (a virtuous act), durgatiṃ nopalabhate…Mv i.268.8 (vs); saṃvarta- vivartaṃ…prajānāti Bbh 253.14; saṃvarta-vivarta- kalpān avataranti (2d ed. correctly °rati) sma Gv 277.25; cf. AbhidhK. LaV-P. iii.181 ff. (et al., Index). In Mv i.63.13 vivarta-caryā is used only in an attempt to explain avivarta-caryā, q.v.K. LaV-P. iii.181 ff. (et al., Index). In Mv i.63.13 vivarta-caryā is used only in an attempt to explain avivarta-caryā, q.v.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/viṣṭhā? (14284) + ((vizWA, vizWA) viṣṭhā?&l … (vizWA, vizWA) viṣṭhā?¦ in Divy 274.22, acc. to Index rope (i.e. lasso), but all that is clear is that it is some means of catching and holding: nedaṃ kenacid viṣṭhayā vā śiṭayā (see śiṭā) vā karkaṭakena vā gṛhītavyaṃ. Possibly read ciṣṭhayā or ciṣṭayā = AMg. ciṭṭhā, with MIndic i for e, = Skt. ceṣṭā, with movements (of the hands, etc.); but this is naturally doubtful.for e, = Skt. ceṣṭā, with movements (of the hands, etc.); but this is naturally doubtful.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/viṣaṭa (14271) + ((vizawa, vizawa) viṣaṭa¦, adj. (= Pkt. visaḍa, visaḍha, = Skt. viṣama, see Hem. 1.241; Deśīn. 7.62; and Sheth), hard, difficult, oppressive: pañca-viṣaṭa-bandhanāṃ kāraṇāṃ kārayanti (viz. in hell) Divy 376.12. (Etym. ?))
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vrata-pada (14749) + ((vratapada, vrata-pada) … (vratapada, vrata-pada) vrata-pada¦, (m. or) nt. (cf. Pali vata-pada, not recorded of this group), point of religious practice; five, viz. the five śikṣāpada, q.v.: MSV iii.128.10 ff.; in MSV [Page521-a+ 7] iv.249.2 ff. the five vra°, as taught by Devadatta, are listed as āraṇyakatva, vṛkṣamūlikatva, traicīvarikatva, pāṃsu- kūlikatva (no fifth named; these are dhūtaguṇa).tva, traicīvarikatva, pāṃsu- kūlikatva (no fifth named; these are dhūtaguṇa).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/Vyāghrapadya (14689) + ((vyAGrapadya, vyAGrapadya) <b& … (vyAGrapadya, vyAGrapadya) Vyāghrapadya¦ (= Pali Vyagghapajja), another name for the Koliyas, q.v. (also in Pali): Mv i.355.13, with etym. explanation, mss. corrupt; prob. intends, as in Pali, to say that their city was built on a tiger's track.ntends, as in Pali, to say that their city was built on a tiger's track.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyābādhati, °te, °dhayate (14702) + ((vyAbADati, vyAbADati, °te, °Dayate) vyābādhati, °te, °dhayate¦, also written vyāvādhati, and at least in mss. vyāvadhati, °te, vyāvahati (cf. vyābā- dha, °dhika, a-vyā°; = Pali vyābādheti, byā°), oppresses, injures, violates, harms: na kaṃcit sattvaṃ vyābādhati Mv i.207.2; ii.10.12 (here vyāpādayati; as Childers and PTSD point out, there is confusion between these two roots; cf. s.v. avyābādha); iii.341.10 (here mss. vyāvahati, Senart em. vyābādhati); with gen. of personal object, na ca tasya rāgo vyāvadhiṣyate SP 419.5 (v.l. vyāvādh°; WT vyābādh°); na teṣāṃ rāgo vyāvādhiṣyati SP 481.4 (v.l. vyāvah°; WT vyābādh°); with acc. object, na cāsya kāyaṃ vyābādhate sma LV 152.20; netrāṇi vyābādhayate mūrchāṃ ca saṃjanayati Divy 105.12 (prose). [Page518-b+ 71]c. object, na cāsya kāyaṃ vyābādhate sma LV 152.20; netrāṇi vyābādhayate mūrchāṃ ca saṃjanayati Divy 105.12 (prose). [Page518-b+ 71])
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyāseka (14719) + ((vyAseka, vyAseka) ? vyā … (vyAseka, vyAseka) ? vyāseka¦, m. (cf. Pali vyāsiñcati, avyāseka), should mean pollution, defilement, which seems reasonably appro- [Page519-a+ 71] priate in the context: Mvy 7540. But Tib. ḥphyar ba, hang up, elevate (also sift, winnow, and show, represent); Chin. hang; Jap. merely translates Tib. and speculates etymologically, and futilely, ignoring the Pali. Cf. AbhidhK. LaV-P. vi.289 bahuvidhaviṣaya-vyāseka-visārin (of bud- dhi), qui se dispersent naturellement, distraites par la variété des objets (it is not clear to me how LaV-P. took vyāseka). se dispersent naturellement, distraites par la variété des objets (it is not clear to me how LaV-P. took vyāseka).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyūha (14740) + ((vyUha, vyUha) vyūha< … (vyUha, vyUha) vyūha¦, also spelled viyūha chiefly in vss, and cf. vyūhā; m., (1) (as in Skt. and Pali, mass, heap) mass, large amount: yā kāci rati-viyūhā divyā LV 36.16 (vs) = Tib. lha yi dgaḥ ba rnam maṅ ji sñed pa, what large quan- tities of divine pleasures; (2) in Mahāyāna works (not in Pali), arrangement, but with regular overtones of mar- velous, supernatural, magical arrangement, esp. of Buddha- fields; Tib. bkod pa; Jä. orderly arrangement, but it is more than that; the related ḥgod pa is also rendered decorate, adorn, and vyūha implies magnificerice, splendor, as well as supernatural qualities; it seems very close to Skt. vibhūti as used e.g. in Bh.G. ch. 10 (see note 3 on vs 7 of my transl.), and supernal manifestation, which I chose for vibhūti, would do for BHS vyūha; note LV 317.19 (prose) tāṃś ca vyūhān vibhūtiṃ dṛṣṭvā bodhi- sattvasya, Māraḥ…, seeing the B.'s supernal manifesta- tions and marvelous power (splendor), Māra… The word is used in such titles as Sukhāvatī-vyūha, Gaṇḍa-vyūha, with this mg., and is a special favorite in SP and LV; the translations of Burnouf, Kern, and Foucaux fumble it for the most part; hence the above attempt to make it clear; it seems to me essentially simple, tho no one English word is appropriate: (nāsmābhir eṣu…buddha-) kṣetra- vyūheṣu vā bodhisattvavikrīḍiteṣu vā…spṛhotpāditā SP 101.2, we conceived no desire for…these supernal mani- festations (or arrangements) of the Buddha-fields…; kṣetreṣu buddhāna śruṇitva vyūhān 117.2 (vs); Raśmiprabhāsasya viyūha bheṣyati 146.12 (vs), the supernal manifestation of (the future Buddha) R. shall exist (in his Buddha-field, just described; viyūha n. sg., not loc. with Burnouf and Kern); sarveṣa etādṛśakāś ca vyūhā…tatha buddha- kṣetraṃ 209.1 (vs), all (the Buddhas just mentioned) shall have just such supernal manifestations, and also (a) Buddha- field(s); (Ānanda, for whom Buddhahood has just been predicted) ātmanaś ca buddhakṣetraguṇa-vyūhāñ śrutvā 219.4, hearing the supernal manifestations of excellent qualities in his own (future) Buddha-field; sarvākāraguṇo- petā (v.l. °to) buddhakṣetraguṇa-vyūhā (v.l. °ho) bhavi- ṣyanti (no v.l. recorded) 220.5; samāś caiṣāṃ buddha- kṣetraguṇavyūhā bhaviṣyanti 221.10; (tathāgatādhiṣṭhā- nena tathāgata-) balādhānena tathāgatavikrīḍitena tathā- gatavyūhena (by the T.'s supernal manifestation) tathā- gatābhyudgatajñānena 426.7 (all the parallel words mean substantially by the T.'s supernatural power); bodhimaṇḍa- paripālakair devaputrais tādṛśā vyūhā bodhimaṇḍa abhi- nirmitā (q.v.) abhūvan LV 278.5; tāṃś ca vyūhān dṛṣṭvā 7; ye ca kecin mahāvyūhāḥ (sc. buddha-) kṣetrakoṭīṣv anantakāḥ 280.17 (vs); Chap. 20 of LV is entitled Bodhi- maṇḍa-vyūha-parivartaḥ; in it the word is frequent, e.g. ratnachattra-vyūhaḥ 291.11, manifestation of a jewelled umbrella; prabhā-v° 292.1, referring to the ekaratnajāla of 291.22, which prob. means single-jewel-magic, a magical manifestation of a brilliant jewel (or jewels); buddha- kṣetraguṇa-vyūhās (as above) 292.12, displayed at the bodhimaṇḍa; tebhyaḥ sarva-vyūhebhya iyaṃ gāthā niśca- rati sma 292.14; sarvaguṇa-vyūhaṃ kūṭāgāraṃ 293.1; kasyāyam evaṃrūpaḥ kūṭāgāra-vyūhaḥ 293.3; etc.; at beginning of next chapter, referring back to chapter 20, ima evaṃrūpā vyūhā…bodhimaṇḍe 'bhisaṃskṛtā abhūvan 299.15; dṛṣṭā sa viyūha śobhanā (ed. so°) bodhi- maṇḍasmi marūbhi (so m.c. for text maru°) yā kṛtā 364.20 (vs); (tataś ca) prabhāvyūhād imā gāthā niścaranti sma 411.19, and from this manifestation of splendor (of the Buddha)…; yā bodhimaṇḍi prakṛtā ca surair viyūhā, yā vā viyūha kṛta sarva(-?)jinātmajebhiḥ, sā sarva saṃ- sthita viyūha ti dharmacakre 416.5--7 (at the dharmacakra- [Page520-b+ 71] pravartana; sā suggests that viyūha may be f., see vyūhā); buddhakṣetra-vyūha- Mvy 859; ahaṃ (sc. buddha-) kṣetra- vyūhān niṣpādayiṣyāmi Vaj 38.6, and ff.; many others could be added; other cases of viyūha, § 3.104. imā gāthā niścaranti sma 411.19, and from this manifestation of splendor (of the Buddha)…; yā bodhimaṇḍi prakṛtā ca surair viyūhā, yā vā viyūha kṛta sarva(-?)jinātmajebhiḥ, sā sarva saṃ- sthita viyūha ti dharmacakre 416.5--7 (at the dharmacakra- [Page520-b+ 71] pravartana; sā suggests that viyūha may be f., see vyūhā); buddhakṣetra-vyūha- Mvy 859; ahaṃ (sc. buddha-) kṣetra- vyūhān niṣpādayiṣyāmi Vaj 38.6, and ff.; many others could be added; other cases of viyūha, § 3.104.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyavacārayati, °te (14655) + ((vyavacArayati, vyavacArayati, °te)<br& … (vyavacArayati, vyavacArayati, °te) vyavacārayati, °te¦ (cf. Pali vocarita and prec. items), considers well, ponders thoroughly, understands: °yadhvam SP 189.9, see vyavalokayati (parallel with this); etad bodhisattvasya…prajñayā °yataḥ (gen. sg. pres. pple.) Bbh 317.23 (ms. cited as vyavakār°; Rahder, App. to Dbh 1.17 cites this as vyavacār°); °yati AsP 433.2, see s.v. prativahati; (paśyati śṛṇoti) °yati avacarati pra- tividhyati (qq.v.) Gv 252.20; °yitavyaḥ Mvy 7458 (foll. by upanidhyātavyaḥ) = Tib. rnam par dpyad par bya ba; sarvajñatānimnā saṃtatir (q.v.) vyavacāritā bhavati (mental disposition tending to omniscience becomes intellectu- ally assimilated, considered to the point of mastery), yā… sarvajñatānimnayā saṃtatyā vyavacāraṇā iyaṃ sā Subhūte vyavacāraṇā AsP 303.2--4.assimilated, considered to the point of mastery), yā… sarvajñatānimnayā saṃtatyā vyavacāraṇā iyaṃ sā Subhūte vyavacāraṇā AsP 303.2--4.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyavasthāna (14672) + ((vyavasTAna, vyavasTAna) … (vyavasTAna, vyavasTAna) vyavasthāna¦, nt. (= Pali vavatthāna; Skt. not in this sense), respective determination, differentiation: bhūmi- bhūmi-°na-kuśalena Dbh 20.28; tattvalakṣaṇaṃ °na-taḥ advayaprabhāvitaṃ veditavyaṃ Bbh 39.1; 260.13 (see s.v. vipaśyanā); catvārīmāni bodhisattvānāṃ prajñapti- °nāni 292.7, listed as dharma-pra°-°naṃ, satya-, yukti-, and yāna-, 11-13, explained 292.14--294.8; 397.27 (see s.v. vyavalokayati); (all inhabitants of Sukhāvatī are niyatāḥ samyaktve, see s.v. rāśi) nāsti tatra dvayo rāśyor vyavasthānaṃ prajñaptir vā yad idam aniyatasya vā mithyātvaniyatasya vā Sukh 44.15, there is no differen- tiation or clear statement as regards the (other) two groups, namely… (i.e. they are equally unqualified for S.).on or clear statement as regards the (other) two groups, namely… (i.e. they are equally unqualified for S.).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yamaka (12404) + ((yamaka, yamaka) yamaka& … (yamaka, yamaka) yamaka¦ (= Pali id. in sense 1), pair, paired; (1) adj. with prātihārya, paired miracle (= Pali ya° pāṭihāriya, °hīra), sc. a miracle in which pairs of opposites, such as e.g. water and fire, are simultaneously produced: °kāni prātihāryāṇi SP 459.12--460.1; read so in Bbh 152.10 for text ayamakāny (api) prāt°; (2) designation of a kind of yoga practice, = Tib. zuṅ gzug (Das) or zuṅ ḥjug (Jäschke), ‘a technical term of practical mysticism, the forcing the mind into the principal artery in order to prevent dis- traction of mind’ (Jä.) Mvy 798 yamaka-vyatyastāhāra- kuśalāḥ = zuṅ daṅ snrel zhi ḥi rgyud la mkhas pa rnams, clever in the technique (rgyud, see s.v. āhāra, 2; or, the bringing in) of the pair and the inverted (yoga practices). How the word pair applies to the above definition, given by Jäschke and Das, is not clear to me.lt;/i>) of the pair and the inverted (yoga practices). How the word pair applies to the above definition, given by Jäschke and Das, is not clear to me.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yan (yaṃ) nūna (12402) + ((yan, yan (yaM) nUna) ya … (yan, yan (yaM) nUna) yan (yaṃ) nūna¦, (before aham) also nūnam but in Mv nūnāhaṃ, rarely nūnaṃ (= Pali yan nūna, rarely nūnaṃ; cf. prec.), suppose now, with 1 sg. opt. or (rarely) indic.; acc. to PTSD, Pali yan nūna is or may be used in the mg. suppose rather, suggesting an alternative to some other course: once SP seems clearly to favor this; after yan nu…nirgamayeyaṃ SP 73.2--3, suppose I cause them to come out…, a tentative proposal, there follows: yan nūnam aham etān saṃcodayeyam 73.5, suppose rather…, with nūnam instead of nu; no other so clear case, but rather may, at least possibly, be meant in yaṃ nūna…SP 55.10 (vs), suppose (instead of entering nir- vāṇa) that I (reveal the Buddha-bodhi); 196.7 (vs); LV 393.2 (vs); also in yan nūnāhaṃ Mv i.35.1; 37.7; 54.12; 343.6; ii.117.18; but the mg. suppose rather seems hardly possible in yan nūnam aham…LV 258.21 (vs; verb here samārabhe, could be opt. or 1 sg. ind. mid.); nor in most of the following: yaṃ nūnaṃ Mv i.268.3; yan nūnāhaṃ i.51.7 (prose; verb is tiṣṭhehaṃ, see § 31.21, v.l. °eyaṃ), 14 (verb is sthātum icchāmi, pres. ind.); ii.118.5, 11 (in 11, if Senart's text is right, no verb! only dats. of nouns! since adhigami and sākṣākari in 12 seems clearly aorists, statements of fact, not dependent on yan nūnāhaṃ, which is foll. by etasyaiva dharmasya prāptaye sākṣātkriyāyai; which seems to complete the sentence); 124.9; with pres. indic. verb ii.149.21 (here rather is perh. possible for yan nūnāhaṃ). In Pali, besides opt., fut. indic. is recorded: Childers 603, top of 2d column; cf. tiṣṭhehaṃ Mv i.51.7, above.ntence); 124.9; with pres. indic. verb ii.149.21 (here rather is perh. possible for yan nūnāhaṃ). In Pali, besides opt., fut. indic. is recorded: Childers 603, top of 2d column; cf. tiṣṭhehaṃ Mv i.51.7, above.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yvāgū, °gu (12524) + ((yvAgU, yvAgU, °gu) yvāg … (yvAgU, yvAgU, °gu) yvāgū, °gu¦, f. (= BHS and Pali yāgu, Skt. yavāgū; see § 3.118; a MIndic form, not the Skt., was pronounced, i.e., always two syllables in vss), gruel: yvāgu-pāna LV 171.18 (vs; most mss. point to yv- but A yāgu-); yvāgū- pānaṃ Mv i.47.16; 48.15; 335.9; 336.17; yvāgū ti i.28.10; 29.6; yvāgū (mss. pyagu) 111.10; yvāgūye ii.84.10 (gen.), yvāgu 13 and yvāgū 16 (n. sg.), see s.v. kṣudra 2.; yvāgūye ii.84.10 (gen.), yvāgu 13 and yvāgū 16 (n. sg.), see s.v. kṣudra 2.)

Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/-palaka (9302) + ((palaka, -palaka) -palaka¦, m. (etym. not clear), app. point (of a spear), see kunta-p°.)

Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ābhakṣaṇa (2796) + ((ABakzaRa, ABakzaRa) ābh … (ABakzaRa, ABakzaRa) ābhakṣaṇa¦, only in comp. with saṃbhakṣaṇa, q.v., and associated with other social activities; perhaps feasting (in groups); distinction from saṃbhakṣaṇa is not clear: Bbh 7.7 āvāha-vivāhābhakṣaṇa-saṃbhakṣaṇeṣv evaṃ- bhāgīyeṣu (sc. parakṛtyeṣu, 7.2) sahāyībhāvaṃ gacchati; 267.13 (after āvāha-vivāhārthikānāṃ) ābhakṣaṇa-saṃ- bhakṣaṇārthikānāṃ kṛtyasahāyārthikānāṃ ca sattvānāṃ …Neither word is known in this use outside BHS.āṃ kṛtyasahāyārthikānāṃ ca sattvānāṃ …Neither word is known in this use outside BHS.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āśraya (3052) + ((ASraya, ASraya) āśraya& … (ASraya, ASraya) āśraya¦, m. (Skt., basis etc.), (1) in Laṅk., acc. to Suzuki, the ālaya-vijñāna (q.v.) as basis of all vijñānas; one must make it converted, in revulsion (parāvṛtta, cf. Laṅk 9.11 parāvṛttāśraya); Laṅk 10.5 anyathā dṛśyamāna ucchedam āśraye (so read with v.l. for °yo, text °yaḥ), if the basis is otherwise regarded (loc. abs.), (there is) destruction (it is fatal to the holder of such a view); (2) acc. to citation in Burnouf Introd. 449, six āśraya = the six sense organs (as one of the three groups constituting the 18 dhātu); this is said to be attributed to the Yogā- cāras in ‘le commentaire de L'Abhidharma’; it does not seem to occur in AbhidhK. and I have not noted precisely this usage in any text, but cf. next; (3) acc. to AbhidhK. LaV-P. iii.126, le corps muni d'organes, qui est le point d'appui (āśraya) de ce qui est appuyé (āśrita) sur lui: à savoir de la pensée et des mentaux (cittacaitta). Is the obscure passage Mv ii.153.1--2 somehow concerned here? It reads, in a verse (see my Reader, Four Sights [Mv], n. 40) describing disease (vyādhi):…śokānāṃ prabhavo rativyupasamo (i.e. °śamo) cittāśrayāṇāṃ nidhi, dharma- syopaśamaḥ (lacuna of 6 syllables) gātrāśritānāṃ gṛhaṃ, yo lokaṃ pibate vapuś ca grasate etc. I should be inclined to emend to cittāśravāṇāṃ (cf. LV 345.21, below), but for the phrase gātrāśritānāṃ gṛhaṃ, which implies sup- port for āśraya; Senart refers to Burnouf (l.c.), but finds it hard to apply āśraya and āśrita as used in that passage; (4) commonly, body (cf. prec.): LV 324.16 (vs) subhato (= śu°) kalpayamāna āśrayaṃ vitathena, falsely imagin- ing the body to be handsome; RP 6.13 lakṣaṇaiś ca prati- maṇḍitāśrayo; 23.1 me jvalita āśrayaḥ, my body was burned; 25.7 me tyakta varāśrayaḥ; 26.8; 27.16; Dbh 16.10; Av i.175.4 pretāśrayasadṛśāḥ; 264.9 pretīṃ vikṛtāś- rayāṃ; 272.3; 291.17; 332.9; 356.7; 361.2; ii.172.9; see also cañcitāśraya; [in LV 345.21 āśraya(-kṣaya-jñāna-) without v.l., but Tib. translates āśrava, which must be adopted: knowledge leading to destruction of the impurities, not…of the body]. See next.rayasadṛśāḥ; 264.9 pretīṃ vikṛtāś- rayāṃ; 272.3; 291.17; 332.9; 356.7; 361.2; ii.172.9; see also cañcitāśraya; [in LV 345.21 āśraya(-kṣaya-jñāna-) without v.l., but Tib. translates āśrava, which must be adopted: knowledge leading to destruction of the impurities, not…of the body]. See next.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āśrita (3057) + ((ASrita, ASrita) āśrita& … (ASrita, ASrita) āśrita¦ (ppp. of ā-śri); see s.v. āśraya 2, 3; acc. to Burnouf, there cited, the 6 āśritas are la connaissance produite par la vue et par les autres sens…; acc. to AbhidhK iii.126, = citta-caitta; what gātrāśritānāṃ gṛhaṃ means (Mv ii.153.2), as applied to vyādhi, is not clear. citta-caitta; what gātrāśritānāṃ gṛhaṃ means (Mv ii.153.2), as applied to vyādhi, is not clear.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āśvāsa-praśvāsa (3061) + ((ASvAsapraSvAsa, ASvAsa-praSvAsa) … (ASvAsapraSvAsa, ASvAsa-praSvAsa) āśvāsa-praśvāsa¦ (Pali assāsa-passāsa), m. dual or pl., breath; usually used without clear indication of dif- ference between the two terms, like ānāpāna, q.v.: LV 251.15--16 nāsikātaś cāśvāsapraśvāsāv uparuddhāv abhū- tāṃ; 252.3 °sā ūrdhvaṃ śiraḥkapālam upanighnanti sma; as separate words, 259.7 āśvāsaviprahīnaḥ praśvāsa- varjitu; Mv ii.124.10 (and ff.) mukhato nāsikāśrotrehi ca āśvāsapraśvāsā uparundhi (1 sg. aor.); Mv iii.179.19 °sehi tathāgataṃ upahanati; Śāl 78.3, 17 kāyasyāśvāsapraśvā- sakṛtyaṃ; Sādh 61.19 °sādikam; the verb uśvasati, q.v., [Page110-b+ 71] corresponds to āśvāsa in Mv ii.208.3--4 āśvāsapraśvāsā uparuddhā…no pi uśvasati na praśvasati (the two verbs repeated twice in lines 8, 9), cf. LV 189.12 ucchvasantaṃ praśvasantam, rendered by Tib. dbugs dbyuṅ zhiṅ rṅub breathing out and in, but in line 15 below praśvasantaḥ is rendered dbugs dbyuṅ, breathing out (implying that ucchvasantaṃ was understood as breathing in); ucchvāsa- praśvāso (sg.) also occurs, seemingly = āśvāsa-pra°, Śikṣ 42.5; in Sādh 146.17 ff. it is entirely certain that praśvāsa is understood as outbreathing and āśvāsa inbreath- ing, tadanu tan mithunaṃ praśvāsavāyurathārūḍhaṃ nāsikāvivareṇa niḥsṛtya…sattvānāṃ kāyavākcittāni vi- śodhya gṛhītvā ca punar āśvāsavāyum āruhya tenaiva pathā svahṛtkamalakarṇikāyāṃ praviśet; consistent with this is AMg. ussāsa (and relatives), which BHS usage would clearly have associated with āśvāsa, and which acc. to Ratnach. means breathing in; Pali tradition is indeter- minate, see Vism i.272.1 which states that Vin. comm. defines assāsa as outgoing, passāsa as incoming breath, but that in Sutta comms. (Suttantaṭṭhakathāsu) the reverse is taught (the passage is misunderstood by PTSD and Pe Maung Tin; uppaṭipāṭiyā = Pkt. upparivāḍi, inverted, transposed). Tib. regularly āśvasati = dbugs brṅubs (or cognate) breathe in Mvy 1173, 1175, etc., praśvasati = dbugs phyuṅ (or cognate) breathe out Mvy 1174, 1176, etc.; it therefore supports Sādh 146.17 ff., and incidentally the equation of āśvāsa with āna and praśvāsa with apāna (see ānāpāna). How old this interpretation is remains uncertain, esp. in view of the fact that in Pali the comms. differed; Buddhaghosa himself, in the Vism. passage cited, declines to arbitrate between the two opposing views. Whatever may have been the meaning of the two terms, it seems clear that the cpd. (like ānāpāna) was commonly used in the sense of breath, collectively and as a whole.ed; Buddhaghosa himself, in the Vism. passage cited, declines to arbitrate between the two opposing views. Whatever may have been the meaning of the two terms, it seems clear that the cpd. (like ānāpāna) was commonly used in the sense of breath, collectively and as a whole.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādīkaroti (2689) + ((AdIkaroti, AdIkaroti) ā … (AdIkaroti, AdIkaroti) ādīkaroti¦ (see s.v. ādi), starts from (acc.), makes the starting point: ger. °kariyāṇa, SP 192.1 (vs) avidya (acc.) ādīkariyāṇa cakṣumān, prabhāṣate maraṇam anantaduḥ- kham (so apparently mss., combining the note to KN ed. with that to Kern's Transl. SBE 21.185), starting with ignorance, the Enlightened One expounded death and infinit misery. This reading is perfect in meter and sense. Pos- sibly ādī is to be taken as a separate word, = ādiṃ; certainly it means the same as ādiṃ kṛ-.. This reading is perfect in meter and sense. Pos- sibly ādī is to be taken as a separate word, = ādiṃ; certainly it means the same as ādiṃ kṛ-.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āgamana (2557) + ((Agamana, Agamana) āgamana¦ (nt.; = Skt. and Pali āgama), traditional or authoritative doctrine: Mv i.218.20 = ii.21.2 (vs) atra āgamanaṃ śṛṇu, on this point hear what the doctrine is.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āhavanīya (3104) + ((AhavanIya, AhavanIya) ā … (AhavanIya, AhavanIya) āhavanīya¦, adj. (= Pali id., cf. Vism. i.220.6; more usually Pali āhuneyya; mg. prob. influenced by Pali pāhuneyya, see s.v. prāhavanīya; both these forms in havanīya prob. due to popular etym., tho found in Pali and BHS), worthy of receiving offerings (respectful gifts): Mvy 1772 (in section named mānanā-paryāyāḥ); Av i.193.10 °yāni tāni kulāni yeṣu kuleṣu mātāpitarau samyaṅ mānyete.anā-paryāyāḥ); Av i.193.10 °yāni tāni kulāni yeṣu kuleṣu mātāpitarau samyaṅ mānyete.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ājñā (2608) + ((AjYA, AjYA) ājñā</b& … (AjYA, AjYA) ājñā¦ (= Pali aññā; in Skt. only command, which in Pali is always āṇā), perfect, esoteric knowledge, identified with arhatship: as object of ārādhayati, gets perfect knowledge, LV 238.22, or of ārāgayati, id., Mvy 7602; ārāgaye, aor., Mv iii.53.9; ārāgayiṣyasi Divy 302.20; ājñā-citta (in Pali nt. subst., a mind disposed to perfect knowledge), in Bbh 105.7 ājñācitta ekāgracittaḥ, Bhvr., hav- ing (such) a mind; in Mvy 7259 °cittena, not clear whether Bhvr. or Karmadh.; samyag-ājñā-vimukta (= Pali samma- d-aññā-vimutta), freed thru perfect knowledge, Mv i.59.7, 9, 12 (arhantānāṃ)…°muktānāṃ; Ud vi.19; xx.17, 20; °suvimukta-cittaiḥ Sukh 1.14. See also ājñendriya.samma- d-aññā-vimutta), freed thru perfect knowledge, Mv i.59.7, 9, 12 (arhantānāṃ)…°muktānāṃ; Ud vi.19; xx.17, 20; °suvimukta-cittaiḥ Sukh 1.14. See also ājñendriya.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ājavaṃjava (2599) + ((AjavaMjava, AjavaMjava) … (AjavaMjava, AjavaMjava) ājavaṃjava¦ (m. or nt.), coming and going, moving to and fro (in the saṃsāra): Mvy 5393 °va- (Mironov ājāvaṃ°, but v.l. text) samāpannaḥ = Tib. ḥoṅ ba daṅ ḥgro bar (coming and going) gyur ba; LV 205.12 (lokasya, people)…ājavaṃjavasamāpannasyāsmāl lokāt paraṃ lokaṃ paralokād imaṃ lokaṃ saṃdhāvataḥ saṃsarataḥ. See next two items. The word contains double forms of java or at least the root ju but its precise formation is not clear to me; is ājava moving swiftly hither, and java hastening away? For the preceding part of this cliché see s.v. guṇāvaguṇṭhitabhūta; but the Pali correspon- dent does not contain ājavaṃjava°, at least in most of its occurrences.see s.v. guṇāvaguṇṭhitabhūta; but the Pali correspon- dent does not contain ājavaṃjava°, at least in most of its occurrences.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ākāśa (2519) + ((AkASa, AkASa) ākāśa< … (AkASa, AkASa) ākāśa¦ (m.), (1) region, place: Mv ii.49.3--4 kahiṃ… ākāśe pravṛttajīvo ti mṛto ti, in what region (lit. under what sky?) is his life taking place, or is he dead?; (2) in SP 124.11 acc. to Kern voidness: (dharmam) ākāśagatikam, placed in voidness (as if synonym of śūnyatā; but Burnouf qui a pour étendue l'espace); cf. under dhātu 1 b, where it is made clear that ākāśa, as the fifth of six elements (dhātu), means absolutely empty space; (3) short for ākāśānantya, in cpd. ākāśa-vijñānā° (etc.), Bbh 49.17--18, see s.v. naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatana; (4) emptiness, implying vanity (? cf. 2 above): KP 111.1 dvāv imau…pravrajita- syākāśapaligodhau (see paligodha, and godha); katamau dvau? lokāyatamantraparyeṣṭitā ca, utsadapātracīvara- dhāraṇatayā (read °tā?) ca. In vs, l. 6: ākāśabodhe (see 2 bodha) imi dve pratiṣṭhite..1 dvāv imau…pravrajita- syākāśapaligodhau (see paligodha, and godha); katamau dvau? lokāyatamantraparyeṣṭitā ca, utsadapātracīvara- dhāraṇatayā (read °tā?) ca. In vs, l. 6: ākāśabodhe (see 2 bodha) imi dve pratiṣṭhite.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ānāpāna (2734) + ((AnApAna, AnApAna) ānāpā … (AnApAna, AnApAna) ānāpāna¦ (= Pali id.), breath (see below): °na-bhā- vanā-vidhiḥ Mvy 1165; °na-smṛti (= Pali °na-sati), mind- [Page096-b+ 71] fulness of breathing, Mvy 1166; Bbh 110.24; 204.26; 396.22; Ud xv.1; °nānusmṛti, id., ŚsP 60.8; on this and ŚsP 1443.8 (where text ānāpā-nusmṛtir) see s.v. anusmṛti. The word is an old dvandva; āna (= prāṇa) plus apāna (cf. Skt. prāṇāpāna, on which see G.W. Brown, JAOS 39.104 ff.). In Pali commentarial diction replaced by assāsa-passāsa (= āśvāsa-praśvāsa, q.v.). Tib. on Mvy 1166 ānāpāna (-smṛtiḥ) renders dbugs rṅub pa daṅ ḥbyuṅ ba, breathing in and out; the same or related terms are used for āśvāsa and praśvāsa. It is clear that Tib. understands āna = āśvāsa as inbreathing, apāna = pra- śvāsa as outbreathing. There is BHS evidence supporting this interpretation of āśvāsa-praśvāsa, q.v.thing, apāna = pra- śvāsa as outbreathing. There is BHS evidence supporting this interpretation of āśvāsa-praśvāsa, q.v.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āpa (2762) + ((Apa, Apa) āpa … (Apa, Apa) āpa¦ (= Pali id., thematization of Skt. āp, ap), water; clear cases noted only in cpd. āpa-skandha mass of water, SP 126.7 (vs) sa caiva sama muñceta āpaskandham anal- pakam; with adhaḥ or heṣṭā, heṣṭi, of subterranean mass of water, LV 64.12 adha-āpaskandham; 298.20 (vs) [Page097-b+ 71] heṣṭāpaskandha (acc. sg.; so divide) caraṇaiḥ pratigrā- hyamāṇāḥ, being caused to receive with their feet the mass of water underneath (the earth); 368.19 (vs) heṣṭi śatasa- hasraṃ yāvataś cāpaskandho (contrasted with dharaṇi- talu, next line). In Mv ii.92.5 (vs) āpaṃ, acc. sg., could be referred to this stem, or regarded as belonging to the Skt. stem āp, ap, transferred to the sing. (cf. Wackernagel- Debrunner 3.240 f.).garded as belonging to the Skt. stem āp, ap, transferred to the sing. (cf. Wackernagel- Debrunner 3.240 f.).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/Ārāḍa (2895) + ((ArAqa, ArAqa) Ārāḍa< … (ArAqa, ArAqa) Ārāḍa¦ (also Arāḍa, q.v., and see next; = Pali Āḷāra), n. of a sage under whom Śākyamuni studied for a time; in a dvandva cpd. Ārāḍodraka (-Udraka) Divy 392.1 (see also under Arāḍa and Ārāḍaka); generally surnamed Kālāma (= Pali id.): °ḍa-Kāl° as one word Mvy 3515, but regularly two words: Mv ii.118.1 ff.; 198.1; iii.322.15, 17; in LV 238.14, 19 f.; 239.6, 12; 403.20; 404.2--3, 3--4, Lefmann reads the surname always Kālāpa; the mss. generally vary, in 404.3 all have Kālāma. How- ever, there seems to have been some support in northern tradition for the ending -pa, for Tib. on Mvy and LV renders sgyu rtsal śes (byed), knowing arts, which seems to point to analysis into kalā plus a form of root āp-. [Page104-a+ 71];knowing arts, which seems to point to analysis into kalā plus a form of root āp-. [Page104-a+ 71])
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ārambaṇa (2887) + ((ArambaRa, ArambaRa) āra … (ArambaRa, ArambaRa) ārambaṇa¦, nt. (= Pali ārammaṇa; in mg. 1 = Skt. ālambana; in BHS this, q.v., is also used in mg. 3), (1) basis, support, point d' appui; basis, reason, (logical) ground; in Bhvr. cpds., having…as basis, based on…: SP 6.13 (see s.v. āśravaṇa); 71.7 -vividha-hetu-kāraṇa-nidarśanā- rambaṇa-niruktyupāyakauśalyair; 318.6--7 yāṃ ca… tathāgataḥ…vācaṃ bhāṣata ātmopadarśanena (add with WT vā paropadarśanena) vātmārambaṇena vā parā- rambaṇena vā…, either on his own authority (Kern) or that of others, or on the basis of (presentation of) himself (in visible form) or of others (so essentially Burnouf; per- haps more exactly, on the basis of giving an account, a description, sc. of himself, by himself or by others); 318.14 vividhair ārambaṇair, with various bases or authorities; 319.12 tad ārambaṇaṃ kṛtvā, probably making that my reason or basis; 320.3 tathāgatārambaṇa-manaskāra- kuśalamūlāni, roots of merit (due to) attentiveness based upon the T.; LV 244.5 (dhyānagocarāṇāṃ) ca samāpatty- ārambaṇānāṃ laukikasamādhīnām; Mv ii.260.15 mahan- tānāṃ varṇānām ārambaṇam…(16) bhūtānāṃ ca varṇānām ārambaṇam anuprāpnuvanti (Bodhisattvas), apparently basis of great castes…and of bygone castes* (so Senart, but he disclaims understanding what is meant); Gv 18.21 -bodhy-ārambaṇa- (1st ed. misprinted; corr. 2d ed.) -kuśalamūla-; 64.8 and 116.5 ārambaṇīkṛtya, making a basis, object of attention (with acc.); in Śikṣ 253.3 ārambaṇena = ālambanapratyayena (cf. Mvy 2269; Pali ārammaṇapaccaya), the third of the four pratyaya, q.v.; (2) physical basis, location (= Skt. viṣaya): Gv 82.14 yasmin yasminn adhvani (time, i.e. present, past, or future) yasmin yasminn ārambaṇe (cosmic location, of a Tathā- gata)…tathāgataṃ draṣṭum ākāṅkṣāmi; Gv 512.4--5 ābhāsam agamann ekasminn ārambaṇe yathā caikasminn ārambaṇe tathāśeṣasarvārambaṇeṣu, location(s), of the palatial structures presided over by Maitreya; (3) like Pali ārammaṇa, also = Skt. viṣaya in sense of sense- object, of which in Pali there are six (the 6th being dhamma, object of manas); Śikṣ 250.5 cakṣurindriyādhipateyā rūpārambaṇa-prativijñaptiḥ, recognition of the sense-object form, dependent on the sense-organ eye (sight); Mv i.120.11, read with mss. ārambaṇārambhaṇacittaṃ hetuno parikar- menti,…the thought as it grasps the sense-objects (here perhaps more particularly the objects of the manas, ideas, to which Pali ārammaṇa is sometimes restrictedly applied). -*(Mv ii.260.15--16) Better, basis of great and true renown, or qualities, or (physical) appearance? (Addition in proof.) the sense-object form, dependent on the sense-organ eye (sight); Mv i.120.11, read with mss. ārambaṇārambhaṇacittaṃ hetuno parikar- menti,…the thought as it grasps the sense-objects (here perhaps more particularly the objects of the manas, ideas, to which Pali ārammaṇa is sometimes restrictedly applied). -*(Mv ii.260.15--16) Better, basis of great and true renown, or qualities, or (physical) appearance? (Addition in proof.))
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āsphānaka (3092) + ((AsPAnaka, AsPAnaka) āsp … (AsPAnaka, AsPAnaka) āsphānaka¦, nt. (= Pali appānaka, °ṇaka; etym. and lit. mg. obscure; doubtless = āspharaṇaka (-samādhi), q.v.; CPD conjectures relation to (ā-)sphāyate, swells, grows; LV seems to think of forms of spharati, but this may be etymological fancy, despite the Mvy āspharaṇaka-), n. of a kind of dhyāna (either alone, or in cpd. °ka-dhyāna): LV 250.14 °ka-dhyānaṃ samāpadyate…°nakam iti; explained lines 19--20 ākāśam aspharaṇam akaraṇaṃ avikaraṇaṃ tac ca sarvaṃ spharatīti hy ākāśasamaṃ tad dhyānaṃ (cf. Tib. on āspharaṇaka-) tenocyate āsphānakam iti; °kaṃ dhyānaṃ dhyāyeyaṃ (or other form of this verb) Mv ii.208.2; LV 251.14 f., 21; 259.1, 8, 10 (ākāśadhātuspharaṇaṃ dhyāyaty āsphānakaṃ dhyānaṃ, he meditates the ā° meditation which agitates the ether-element), and ff.; Mv ii.124.9, 15 °nakaṃ (in 9 v.l. °nakadhyānaṃ; in 15 mss. °nakaṃ dhyānaṃ, or āsphāra- kaṃ) dhyāyeyaṃ.-element), and ff.; Mv ii.124.9, 15 °nakaṃ (in 9 v.l. °nakadhyānaṃ; in 15 mss. °nakaṃ dhyānaṃ, or āsphāra- kaṃ) dhyāyeyaṃ.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āsphuṭa (3094) + ((AsPuwa, AsPuwa) ? āsphu … (AsPuwa, AsPuwa) ? āsphuṭa¦, adj., clear, clarified, illumined: LV 17.3 (prose) tenāvabhāsenāsphuṭa-samānā(ḥ), being illumined by that light. The mg. is certain, and acc. to Lefm. all mss. read so; but not only is āsphuṭa suspicious in itself; composition with samānāḥ is also difficult. The expected reading is °bhāsena sphuṭāḥ samānāḥ.f; composition with samānāḥ is also difficult. The expected reading is °bhāsena sphuṭāḥ samānāḥ.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āsana-tā (3070) + ((AsanatA, Asana-tA) āsana-tā¦ (= Skt. āsana as nom. act.), seating, the giving a seat (to someone, as a courtesy): Mv i.298.18 pratyutthānam (mss. paryut°) āsanatāṃ tato ca (…ma- hājano prīto karoti); ŚsP 1470.1 (? not clear).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āsarita (3075) + ((Asarita, Asarita) āsari … (Asarita, Asarita) āsarita¦, nt., and niḥsarita, nt.; °taṃ Gv 351.18, 19 respectively: the first two of ten ‘bodily conditions’ (śarīrasthā dharmāḥ), the other 8 being cold, heat, hunger, thirst, delight, anger, birth-old-age-diesase-and-death, and pain (pīḍā). Context throws no further light. Interpre- tation of these two terms obscure. Are they somehow related to āsario = saṃmukhāgataḥ Deśīn. 1.69, and ṇissariaṃ = srastam ibid. 4.40? Something like slack condition, slumped-down state might be intended by niḥsarita; would āsarita be its opposite, a state arrived at the right point?intended by niḥsarita; would āsarita be its opposite, a state arrived at the right point?)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āsrava (3096) + ((Asrava, Asrava) āsrava& … (Asrava, Asrava) āsrava¦ (perhaps oftener written āśrava), m. (= Pali āsava), evil influence, depravity, evil, sin, misery; CPD s.v. anāsava, intoxicants, i.e…passions; Lévi, Sūtrāl. ix.23 n.1, L'écoulement (āsrava) est le mouvement qui porte la pensée à se répandre, comme une eau qui fuit, vers les choses du dehors; Johnston, Saundarān. xvi.3, Transl., note: the influences which attach a man to the saṃsāra; hence sāsrava and laukika are equivalent, as are anāsrava and lokottara; Tib. (e.g. on Mvy 2141 āśravaḥ) zag pa, misery, also sin: anupādāyāsravebhyaś cittāni vimuktāni, see anupādāya; āśravakṣayajñāna is [Page112-a+ 71] the sixth abhijñā, q.v.; śuṣkā āśravā na puna śravanti LV 351.1 (with play on etym., root sru), the āśravas, dried up, flow no more; getting rid of them is arhatship, prāptaṃ mayārhatvaṃ kṣīṇā me āśravā(ḥ) LV 376.11; jinā…ye prāptā āśravakṣayam LV 406.6; arhantānāṃ kṣīṇāśravāṇām Mv i.59.7 ff.; the Buddha is sarvāśravān- takaraṇaṃ Mv i.203.16 = ii.7.12; prahīnasarvāśrava- bandhanasya Buddhasya Divy 379.12; kṣīṇāśrava (or °srava), said of a bhikṣu, Divy 542.21, of a muni Jm 17.16; equivalent to duḥkha, in formula of 4 noble truths: (after idaṃ duḥkham) ayam āśravasamudayo 'yam āśra- vanirodha iyam āśravanirodhagāminī pratipad LV 348.19 f.; in Mv ii.285.5, after statement of all four truths as usual with duḥkha, they are repeated with āśravāḥ (pl.), ime āśravāḥ, imo (mss. ime) āśravasamudayo ayaṃ āśrava- nirodho etc.; nirvāsyanti anāśravāḥ Mv ii.66.6; there are four āśrava (also = ogha, yoga), listed LV 348.21--22, viz. kāma-, bhava-, avidyā-, dṛṣṭi- (so also in Pali, kāma, bhava, avijjā, diṭṭhi, but also a list of only three, omitting diṭṭhi); very common is anāsrava (= kṣīṇā° above), free from the depravities or from evil; pure (less commonly nirāśrava, LV 405.21, of Buddha), sometimes contrasted with its opposite sāśrava: nāpi ye dharmā anāśravāḥ te sāśravā ti deśayāmi (and vice versa) Mv i.173.8--9; sāsra- vānāsravāḥ (dharmāḥ) SP 142.10; devamanuṣyasarvaśrā- vakapratyekabuddhakuśalāni sāsravāṇy anāsravāṇi vā (all of little value) Gv 500.14; anāsrava (or °śrava), of persons, SP 34.13 (read here adya me with mss. for adyeme); LV 242.11; jñānaṃ vipulaṃ anāsravam SP 15.7; anāśra- vaṃ te caraṇaṃ Mv i.164.8, thy conduct is pure; āśravā- ṇāṃ kṣayād anāśravāṃ cetovimuktiṃ (acc. sg.) Mv iii.321.9--10; anāśravasadṛśaṃ prathamadhyānaṃ Divy 391.16; sāśravaṃ cittaṃ Mv ii.403.13; sāśravānāṃ (den- tal n)…dhyānasamādhisamāpattīnāṃ (of the false teacher Rudraka) doṣo LV 244.2--3; unlike anuśaya, with which it is sometimes associated or even equated (AbhidhK. LaV-P. v.79), it is always used with evil con- notation; in Gv 461.3--4 kalyāṇamitrādhīnāḥ…bodhi- sattvānāṃ sarvabodhisattvacaryāśravāḥ, the last cpd. contains -bodhisattvacaryā plus śravāḥ (= sravāḥ, streams; cf. -praṇidhāna-śrotāṃsi, line 6), not -āśravāḥ.s used with evil con- notation; in Gv 461.3--4 kalyāṇamitrādhīnāḥ…bodhi- sattvānāṃ sarvabodhisattvacaryāśravāḥ, the last cpd. contains -bodhisattvacaryā plus śravāḥ (= sravāḥ, streams; cf. -praṇidhāna-śrotāṃsi, line 6), not -āśravāḥ.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āveṇika (3026) + ((AveRika, AveRika) āveṇi … (AveRika, AveRika) āveṇika¦, adj. (= Pali id. or °ṇiya; etym. obscure; see also āveṇīya, āvedanika, and Konow, Avhandl. Norske Viden. Akad. 1941, II. Hist. -Fil. Kl., p. 41), peculiar, individual, particular, special: Divy 2.3 (a cliché, practically identical with Av i.14.7 etc.) pañcāveṇikā dharmā ekatye paṇḍitajātīye mātṛgrāme, there are five peculiar characteristics in every intelligent woman (listed in the sequel); Divy 302.24 °kā ime svārthā anuprāpto bhaviṣyāmi, I shall have attained these special purposes of mine (iti saṃpaśyatā paṇḍitenālam eva pravrajyādhimuk- tena bhavitum); Mv iii.320.6 ye te sattvā āveṇikā bha- vanti, evaṃrūpāḥ sattvā (sc. Buddhas, special creatures) āryadharmacakraṃ pravartenti; there are three āveṇika smṛtyupasthāna (q.v.) in a Buddha, Divy 182.20; Av i.7.5; listed Mvy 187--190; (referred to without the adjective āveṇika, Sūtrāl. xx.53; AbhidhK. La V-P. vii.76;) espe- cially used of the 18 āveṇika buddhadharma of a Buddha, listed Mvy 135--153 (Tib. ma ḥdres pa, unmixed, un- adulterated, pure); the list here is, (1) nāsti tathāgatasya skhalitam, (2) nāsti ravitam, (3) nāsti muṣitasmṛtitā (or °tiḥ), (4) nāsty asamāhitacittam, (5) nāsti nānātvasaṃjñā, (6) nāsty apratisaṃkhyāyopekṣā, (7) nāsti chandasya hāniḥ, (8) nāsti vīryasya hāniḥ, (9) nāsti smṛtihāniḥ, (10) nāsti samādhihāniḥ, (11) nāsti prajñāyā hāniḥ, (12) nāsti vimuktihāniḥ, (13) sarva-kāya-karma jñānāpūrvaṃ- gamaṃ jñānānuparivarti, (14 and 15) id. with vāk, manaḥ, for kāya, (16--18) atīte (17 anāgate, 18 pratyutpanne) 'dhvany asaṅgam apratihataṃ jñānadarśanaṃ pravartate; similarly Mv i.160.8 ff. (here they constitute the 5th cak- ṣuḥ, q.v., viz. buddha-c°); Mvy 1--6 = Mv 13--16, 18, 17; Mvy 7--12 = Mv 7--12; Mvy 13--15 = Mv 4--6; Mvy 16--18 = Mv 1--3; Dharmas 79 (substantially as in Mvy; two obvious errors); in Sūtrāl. xx.57 comm. (before the vs called āveṇika guṇa, but after it āv° buddhadharma) divided into groups, called six cāra-saṃgṛhīta āv° bu° (= Mvy 1--6), six adhigama-saṃgṛhīta (= Mvy 7--12), three jñāna-saṃgṛhīta (= Mvy 16--18), three karma- saṃgṛhīta (= Mvy 13--15); Burnouf, Lotus Appendice IX, cites a late Pali list from the Jinālaṃkāra, which substan- tially agrees in order with that of Mv (but the category is unknown to older and genuine Pali Buddhism, cf. Konow, l.c. above); references to the 18 āv°(bu°)dh°, SP 62.4; 259.5; LV 160.15; 275.10-11 (text corrupt, see Weller and Foucaux); 403.2; 428.6; Mv i.38.14; 50.4; 237.9; 335.13; iii.64.4; 138.12; 407.3; āveṇika bu° dh° (no number given) SP 77.7; Divy 148.23; Dbh 13.26; 63.22; eighteen āveṇika (no noun expressed) LV 438.8; āveṇika, without number or noun but obviously meaning the same 18, SP 29.11; LV 343.4; acc. to Bbh 88.27 ff. and 375.3 ff., 140 āveṇika buddhadharma, listed (incl. the 32 lakṣaṇa, 80 anuvyañjana, etc., but not the 18 usually recognized); in Mvy 786--804 a totally different list of 18 āveṇika bodhisattva-dharma. and 375.3 ff., 140 āveṇika buddhadharma, listed (incl. the 32 lakṣaṇa, 80 anuvyañjana, etc., but not the 18 usually recognized); in Mvy 786--804 a totally different list of 18 āveṇika bodhisattva-dharma.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/Bharadvāja (11163) + ((BaradvAja, BaradvAja) B … (BaradvAja, BaradvAja) Bharadvāja¦ (cf. Bhāra°, the only form recorded for Pali in DPPN), (1) n. of a disciple of Śākyamuni (in lists of names; not clear which of the several Pali disciples named Bhāra° is meant): SP 2.6; Sukh 92.8, see also Piṇḍola Bhara°; (2) gotra-name of the Buddha Candra- sūryapradīpa: SP 18.5; (3) n. of a yakṣa: Māy 236.26; (4) n. of a monk, former incarnation of Śākyamuni: MSV i.211.3 ff.SP 18.5; (3) n. of a yakṣa: Māy 236.26; (4) n. of a monk, former incarnation of Śākyamuni: MSV i.211.3 ff.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/bhavāgra (11186) + ((BavAgra, BavAgra) bhavā … (BavAgra, BavAgra) bhavāgra¦, m. (nt.? = Pali bhavagga), the highest point of the universe, of existence; the limit of existence; often locally, but also figuratively: (read) °nimagna (with prec. cpd.) sthitā (voc. sg.) bhavāgre LV 116.22 (vs), O thou stationed at the peak of existence! (misunderstood by Lefm. and Foucaux); divyā bhavāgraparyantāḥ LV 374.7; bhūmitalam upādāya yāvad bhavāgram Mv ii.302.3, from the earth's surface to the peak of the universe; yāvad bhavāgraṃ, also, Mv ii.312.6; SP 370.4; (manuṣyopapattim ādiṃ kṛtvā) yā° bhav° Dbh 25.20, to the limit (here tem- poral) of existence; bhavāgrā lokadhātūyo Mv ii.350.3, the extreme summits of the universe; bhavāgra-pūraṃ Mv ii.378.21 etc., see s.v. pūra (2); bhavāgrāc ca gāminī pratipat Bbh 277.14.the extreme summits of the universe; bhavāgra-pūraṃ Mv ii.378.21 etc., see s.v. pūra (2); bhavāgrāc ca gāminī pratipat Bbh 277.14.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/bhrūṇa-dheya (11369) + ((BrURaDeya, BrURa-Deya) … (BrURaDeya, BrURa-Deya) bhrūṇa-dheya¦ (see -dheya), in °yam idaṃ cittaṃ niḥsāram anidarśanam Ud xxxi.4. This cpd. of -dheya not recorded in Pali; is it a false Sktization of the trouble- some Pali word bhūna-ha or °hu? This word the Pali comms. seem evidently to misunderstand. Cf. Renou, JA 1939, p. 348 with n. 1, who connects the Pali word with Vedic and Skt. bhrūṇa-han; acc. to his note 1, the Skt. form is to be ‘restored’ in Dharmasamuccaya 16.8. Renou apparently did not know our BHS form, which seems only to complicate the question further. It is clear, in any case, that it is an uncomplimentary epithet. The Pali comms. interpret the Pali as destroying prosperity or welfare.s. interpret the Pali as destroying prosperity or welfare.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/bhrama (11360) + ((Brama, Brama) bhrama< … (Brama, Brama) bhrama¦ (m.? Skt. Lex. spring), water-course, conduit, in udaka-bhrama, q.v.; and in Divy 538.10, where text Kubjottarānukrameṇa niṣpalāyitā; mss. are cited as reading -bhrameṇa, which must certainly be kept; it is not clear whether the syllable -nu- is in the mss. or not; if it is, we should have to assume an otherwise unknown stem anubhrama; if not, since Kubjottarā is fem., bhra- meṇa gives excellent sense. See Lévi, Karmav p. 269.ma; if not, since Kubjottarā is fem., bhra- meṇa gives excellent sense. See Lévi, Karmav p. 269.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/chedya (6426) + ((Cedya, Cedya) chedya< … (Cedya, Cedya) chedya¦, nt. (also cheda; in this sense not recorded; Pali has chejja-bhejja-, Jāt. v.444.22, and chejjā, fem., alone, Vin. iii.47.7, only as forms of punishment; PTSD inaccurate), always associated with bhedya; both in lists of military arts, usually as mastered by the young Bodhisattva or another yound prince; precise mg. is never made clear; Tib. on Mvy and on LV renders chedya by bcad pa, cutting, and bhedya by dral ba, splitting, tearing asunder: chedyam Mvy 4988, bhedyam 4989; otherwise only in loc., usually listed with other martial arts, chedye and bhedye, LV 156.12 and Mv ii.74.1--2 (here Mv chede, bhede, and so v.l. elsewhere in Mv; the young Bodhisattva challenges other Śākya youths to test their skill in such arts); Mv i.129.5; ii.423.17; 434.13; Divy 100.11; 442.7.ttva challenges other Śākya youths to test their skill in such arts); Mv i.129.5; ii.423.17; 434.13; Divy 100.11; 442.7.)

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