two kinds of ultimate truth

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The Rangjung Yeshe Gilded Palace of Dharmic Activity (Front Cover)

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Glorious Copper Colored Mountain (zangs mdog dpal ri). The terrestrial pure land of Guru Rinpoche situated on the subcontinent Chamara to the south-east of the Jambu Continent. Chamara is the central of a configuration of nine islands inhabited by savage rakshas. In the middle of Chamara rises the majestic red colored mountain into the skies. On its summit lies the magical palace Lotus Light, manifested from the natural expression of primordial wakefulness. Here resides Padmasambhava in an indestructible bodily form transcending birth and death for as long as samsara continues and through which he incessantly brings benefit to beings through magical emanations of his body, speech and mind. [ZL] [RY]

Glorious Copper colored Mountain on the Chamara continent. [RY]

Glorious Copper-colored Mountain (dpal ri); expl. [LWx] [RY]

Glorious Copper-Colored Mountain (zangs mdog dpal ri) [LW1] [RY]

Glorious Copper-colored Mountain on the Chamara continent. [Daki] [RY]

Glorious Fortress of Lhodrak (dpal lho brag rdzong). [ZL] [RY]

Glorious Garland Sutra (dpal phreng gi mdo) [LW1] [RY]

Glorious Guru (dpal ldan bla ma). Same as root guru, here in the form of Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

Glorious Heruka (dpal chen he ru ka). The chief buddha of the 58 wrathful deities. [RY]

Glorious Knower of the Three Times (dpal dus gsum mkhyen pa). Another name for Padmakara, Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

Glorious Mountain (dpal ri) is terrestrial. [RY]

Glorious Mountain (dpal ri). The pure land of Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

Glorious Mountain in Chamara / GLORIOUS COPPER COLORED MOUNTAIN (rnga g.yab zangs mdog dpal ri). The terrestrial pure land of Guru Rinpoche situated on the subcontinent Chamara to the south-east of the Jambu Continent. Chamara is the central of a configuration of nine islands inhabited by savage rakshas. In the middle of Chamara rises the majestic red colored mountain into the skies. On its summit lies the magical palace Lotus Light, manifested from the natural expression of primordial wakefulness. Here resides Padmasambhava in an indestructible bodily form transcending birth and death for as long as samsara continues and through which he incessantly brings benefit to beings through magical emanations of his body, speech and mind. [AL] [RY]

Glorious Mountain of Chamara (rnga g.yab dpal ri). The terrestrial pure land of Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

glorious palace of Langka. The Dharmadhatu is the location of the Dharmakaya aspect of the Wrathful-Guru. The "Charnel-Ground of the Mountains of Fire" is the location of his Sambhogakaya aspect. Langka is the location of his Nirmanakaya aspect. Langka (Ceylon) has since early times in Indian mythology, for example the Ramayana, been portrayed as the home of the Rakshasa, demonic super-human beings. They are sometimes identical with the Asuras of Buddhist mythology, in that they wage war with the deities upon Mount Meru. Indra is even captured and taken to Langka in one account. Therefore when Padmasambhava left this world to rule over and subdue the rakshasa, in some of his life-stories he is described as going to Langka. In other versions, he proceeds to Chamara (Tibetan: rnga yab), described as being to the south-west, though portrayed in the Abhidharma (and also in the mandala practice) as being to the west. [Peter Roberts]

Glorious Samye (dpal bsam yas). The wondrous temple erected during the time of Guru Rinpoche in Tibet by the Dharma King Trisong Deutsen. [RY]

Glorious Samye at Red Rock (brag dmar dpal gyi bsam yas). The fabulous temple complex of Samye in Central Tibet built by King Trisong Deutsen (790-844). The mountain slope behind Samye is of a bright red color. [RY]

Glorious Samye, the Unchanging and Spontaneously Accomplished Vihara. [Daki] [RY]

Glorious Samye. See Samye [LW1] [RY]

Glorious Subjugator of Appearance and Existence (snang srid zil gnon). Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

Glorious Supreme Primal Tantra (dpal mchog dang po'i rgyud, Skt. Shri Paramadi Tantra). One the Four Major Sections of Yoga Tantra. A tantra of the same title is sometimes listed among the Eighteen Mahayoga Tantras as the tantra of enlightened qualities. [ZL] [RY]

Glorious Tantra of Everlasting Union (dpal kun tu kha sbyor gyi rgyud). [EMP] [RY]

Glorious Vishuddha Sadhana (dpal yang dag grub pa). One of the Eight Sadhana Teachings. [ZL] [RY]

Glorious Wrathful One, the nine-faced (dpal chen khro bo dbu dgu). The miraculously appeared image of Chemchok Heruka in the form of a mountain in Kham. [RY]

glorious-food. (Dpal bshos), more commonly known as a "Paltor" ("Glorious Torma"), this one being described as red with a lotus-petal base but with a projecting sharp-edged "waist" that forms points at three corners, unlike the rounded form of the guru-torma. The Karseh Kongtrül tradition follows Tsewang Norbu's use of eight surrounding lesser tormas instead of the five in this text. [Peter Roberts]

Glowing Turquoise Cave. [RY]

Glowing Turquoise Covered Room (g.yu zhal 'bar ba). The shrine room on the second story in Samye. [RY]

gnas nyer bzhi - the twenty-four sacred places. 1) Puliramalaya 2) Jalandhara 3) Oddiyana 4) Arbuta 5. Godavari 6. Rameshvari 7. Devikota 8. Malava 9. Kamarupa 10. Otri 11. Trishakune 12. Kosala 13. Kalingkara 14. Lampaka 15. Kantsi 16. Himalaya 17. Pretapuri 18. Grihadeva 19. Sourashta 20. Suvarnadvipa 21. Nagara 22. Sindhu 23. Maruta 24. Kuluta [RY] gnas nyer bzhi - Twenty-four Lands. According to Hevajra Tantra, Vol. 1, p. 70, they are Jalandhara, Oddiyana, Paurnagiri, Kamarupa, Malava, Sindhu, Nagara, Munmuni, Karunyapataka, Devikota, Karmarapataka, Kulata, Arbuda, Godavari, Himadri, Harikela, Lampaka, Kanci, Saurashtra, Kalinga, Kokana, Caritra, Koshala, and Vindhyakaumarapaurika. [GM] [RY] [RY]

Gnosis (jnana, ye shes). =Wisdom-knowledge. [RY]

Go Khukpa Lheytse ('gos khug pa lhas btsas) [early 11th century] Gö-Khukpa Lheytse was born in the Tsang Tana region of central Tibet and was a contemporary of Marpa Lotsawa. He first studied in Tibet and then traveled to Kashmir, India, and Nepal. He studied with seventy-two Panditas of India and mastered the Sanskrit language and buddhist teachings. He translated many scriptures into Tibetan and contributed to the translation effort of Kagyur and Tangyur. He is one of the most important translators in the New Translation School, after Lochen Rinchen Sangpo. [RY]

Gö Lotsawa Shonnu Pal: 1392-1481 [MR]

Gobum Yujin (mgos 'bum yu 'byin). [ZL] [RY]

God (deva, sura; lha). see Deva. [RY]

God (lha). In this context "god" refers to one of the six classes of beings. [RY]

God (lha). In this context 'god' refers to one of the six classes of beings. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]

God realms (lha ris). Six abodes of the gods of the Desire Realm; seventeen abodes of the gods of the Realm of Form, and four abodes of the gods of the Formless Realm. [RY]

Godaniya. One of the four continents. [RY]

Goddess (devi, lha mo). 'the goddess'. [RY]

Goddess of Eloquence (dbyangs can lha mo). See Sarasvati [LW1] [RY]

Goddess of Eloquence; [LWx] [RY]

gods of desire; S: kamavacara; ('dod pa na spyod pa) The six levels of gods that dwell in the kamadhatu, the realm of desire. [Rain of Wisdom]

Gola; (go la), (so chang). A drink of sugar cane or grain from Nepal. [ZL] [RY]

Gola; go la, (so chang). A drink of sugar cane or grain from Nepal. [ZL] [RY]

Golden Garland Chronicles (bka' thang gser phreng) [LW1] [RY]

Golden Garland Chronicles (bka' thang gser phreng) by Drodül Sangye Lingpa (1340-1396). Also known as Kathang Sertreng. 117 chapters, 727 pages with tiny script. With its alternating poetry and prose, this delightful biography of Padmasambhava has for centuries been and still is a contribution of major importance to Tibetan Buddhist literature. Tibetan title: u rgyan gu ru pad-ma 'byung gnas kyi rnam thar rgyas pa gser gyi phreng ba thar lam gsal byed. Pad-ma bka'i thang yig. Written down by Yeshe Tsogyal who concealed it as a terma treasure for the benefit of people in the future. Revealed from a treasure in the Crystal Cave of Puri Phugmoche (pu ri phug mo che shel gyi brag phug) by Sangye Lingpa (1340-1396). Republished by His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche, Kalimpong, 1970. Excerpts from this version was included by Evans-Wentz in The Tibetan Book of the Great Liberation. [ZL] [RY]

Golden Garland Chronicles [LWx] [RY]

Golden Garland of the Kagyu Lineage (bka' brgyud gser phreng). A collection of hagiographies of Kagyu saints. There are several such collections, related to the different branches of the Kagyu lineage. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Golden Garland, a life story of Padmasambhava by Ratna Lingpa. 327 pages. Tibetan title: o rgyan gu ru pad-ma 'byung gnas kyi rnam thar gser gyi phreng ba. Included in his collection of termas published by Ven. Taklung Tsetrül Rinpoche. This version is quite similar in length and content to the Sanglingma Life Story revealed by Nyang Ral Nyima Özer. [ZL] [RY]

Golden Orphan Temple (pu tshab gser khang gling) [LW1] [RY]

Golden Rock Garuda Forest (gser brag bya khyung tshal). The place where the Indian master Hungkara lived. [ZL] [RY]

Golden-Hued All-Victorious Vinaya ('dul ba rnam rgyal gser mdog). This is the bstan pa'i rtsa ba rab byung dang khyim pa la phan gdags pa'i las kyi cho ga mtha' gcod dang bcas pa'i 'khrul spong rnam rgyal gser mdog, an important writing of the fifth Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobzang Gyatso, on the fundamentals of Buddhist discipline (Ochgat: Tashi Dorje, 1983). [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Golok [LW1] [RY]

Gom-mey (sgom med). Nonmeditation; the fourth stage in mahamudra practice. [RY]

Gomtsul Tsultrim Nyingpo (nephew of Gampopa): 1116-1169 [MR]

Gona Tulku./ Gongna Rinpoche, master from Dzongsar Gompa. [RY]

Gönchen [LW1] [RY]

Gongdu. dgongs 'dus. A terma discovered by Sangjay Lingpa [sangs rgyas gling pa] (1340-1396). More fully known as the Lama Gongdu [bla ma dgongs 'dus], "The Entire Realisation of the Guru" [Peter Roberts]

Gongma Nga (gang ma lnga): (1) Sa chen Kunga Nyingpo (sa chen kun dga' snying po): 1092-1158. (2) Sönam Tsemo (bsod nams rtse mo) :1142-1182. (3) Jetsün Trakpa Gyaltsen (rje btsun grags pa rgyal mtshan): 1147-1216. (4) Sakya Pandita (sa skya pan di ta kun dga' rgyal mtshan): 1182-1251. (5) Chögyal Phagpa (chos rgyal phags pa): 1235-1280. [RY]

Gongpa Kundü (dgongs pa kun 'dus) [LW1] [RY]

Gongpa Lungton. (dgongs pa lung ston), the exposition tantra of the Father Tantra Guhyasamaja. [RY]

Gongpa Sal (dgongs pa gsal). [ZL] [RY]

GONGPA SANGTAL (dgongs pa zang thal). A tantric scripture in five volumes concealed by Guru Rinpoche and revealed by Rigdzin Gödem, the master who founded the Jangter tradition of the Nyingma school. Contains the renowned 'Aspiration of Samantabhadra.' Gongpa Sangtal means 'Unimpeded realization,' and is an abbreviation of 'Showing Directly the Realization of Samantabhadra' (kun tu bzang po'i dgongs pa zang thal du bstan pa).[AL] [RY]

Gongpo spirits ('gong po). A type of evil spirit symbolizing ego-clinging, sometimes counted among the 'eight classes of gods and demons.' When subdued by a great master, they can also act as guardians of the Buddhadharma. [ZL] [RY]

gongter (dgongs gter) [LW1] [RY]

Gongter. [RY]

Gonla (mgon bla). The lama who performs the rituals for the Dharma protectors. [RY]

Good Aeon (bskal pa bzang po), bhadrakalpa). This present aeon in which one thousand buddhas will appear. [RY]

Good Aeon (bskal pa bzang po), Skt. bhadrakalpa). This present aeon in which one thousand buddhas will appear, lasting no less than 160 million years. [ZL] [RY]

Good Intelligence (legs pa'i blo gros) bhumi [LW1] [RY]

Good Intelligence (legs pa'i blo gros). The ninth of the ten bhumis. [RY]

Good planes of existence. The states of gods, asuras and human beings. [RY]

Good roots. Virtuous deeds accumulated in past or present lives which contribute to one's practice and realization of the Dharma. [RY]

Gorampa Sönam Senge (go rams pa bsod nams seng ge): 1429-1489. [MR]

Gorkha armies invade Tibet, reach Shigatse: 1791 [MR]

Gorkha armies send back, british expedition :1816 [MR]

Gotsangpa (rgod mtshang pa). Literally, 'Vulture Nest Dweller.' He was a great master in the Drukpa Kagyu lineage and was named after a cave where he did intensive practice. [RY]

Governor of the Fortress (rdzong dpon). [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gowa. [RY]

Graceful (lila, lalita; 'gying bag (can), rol pa). lalitasana is a name for Green Tara's usual sitting posture (right leg lowered),. [RY]

Graded Path to Enlightenment (lam rim chen mo) is Je Tsongkhapa's masterpiece expounding the entire Bodhisattva path. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gradual Path of the Wisdom Essence. [RY]

Gradual type (rim gyis pa). A practitioner taking the gradual approach to enlightenment. [RY]

Granting boons. = boon granting [RY]

Grasping and fixation (gzung 'dzin). Refers to the duality of an object perceived and the mind that perceives it. [RY]

grasping and fixation. See also perceiver and perceived [LW1] [RY]

grasping the fixation (T: gzung ba dang 'dzin pa) The two processes that constitute the ego of self and the ego of dharmas. Objects are fixated on (T: gzung ba yul) as solid independent existences, and the mind then grasps them (T: 'dzin pa sems). [Rain of Wisdom]

Great accomplishment (sgrub pa chen po). The fourth of the 'four aspects of approach and accomplishment.' [RY]

Great accomplishment practice (sgrub chen). A sadhana practice undertaken by a group of people which goes on uninterruptedly for seven days. [RY]

Great Ati Array {a ti bkod pa chen po}. Name of a tantra on Atiyoga. [RY]

Great Blazing Heruka ('bar ba chen po he ru ka) [LW1] [RY]

Great Blazing Heruka; [LWx] [RY]

Great bliss kaya (bde ba chen po'i sku); Skt. mahasukhakaya). Among the five kayas, the uncompounded quality of changelessness. [RY]

Great bliss of the lower gate ('og sgo bde chen) refers to the union with another's body (gzhan lus snyoms 'jug). [RY]

great bliss S: mahasukha; (bde ba chen po) [RY]

Great Brahmin (bram ze chen po). See 'Saraha.' [RY]

Great Brahmin Saraha (bram se chen po). See Great Brahmin. [RY]

GREAT CAVE OF PURI / CRYSTAL CAVE OF PURI PHUGMOCHE (spu ri phug mo che shel gyi brag phug). The treasure site of Sangye Lingpa in the Puwo district bordering Assam, where he revealed the Lama Gongdü cycle.[AL] [RY]

Great Cave of Tsang (gtsang gi phug mo che). [ZL] [RY]

Great Chetsün (lce btsun chen po). The great master Chetsün Senge Wangchuk. [RY]

Great Cloud Discourse, Mahamegha [MR]

Great Compassionate King of the Sky (thugs rje chen po nam mkha'i rgyal po), one of the six main names and aspects of Avalokitesvara. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Compassionate One (Skt. Mahakarunika, Tib. thugs rje chen po) is a name of Avalokitesvara. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Compassionate One (T: lha thugs rje chen po) An epithet of Avalokitesvara. [Rain of Wisdom]

Great Compassionate One (thugs rje chen po) is a name of Avalokitesvara. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Compassionate One (thugs rje chen po), a name of Avalokitesvara. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Compassionate One (thugs rje chen po). Also known as Avalokiteshvara. [RY]

Great Compassionate One (thugs rje chen po). The bodhisattva of boundless compassion also known as Avalokiteshvara. [ZL] [RY]

Great Compassionate One. See also Avalokiteshvara [LW1] [RY]

Great Compassionate One; synonym for Avalokiteshvara [LWx] [RY]

Great darkness of beginningless time (thog med dus kyi mun pa chen po). Primordial ignorance perpetuated in the minds of sentient beings. [RY]

great disciple and protector of beings Pema Gyatso" (bu chen 'gro mgon padma rgya mtsho) is not mentioned in Shabkar's autobiography. As seen in The Story of a Tibetan Yogini, Shuksep Jetsun (K.Yeshi and T.Tsering, 1991) he was the main teacher of the famed woman master Shuksep Jetsun Chönyi Zangmo (shug gseb rje btsun cho nyid bzang mo, 1852-1953). He was active in Kyirong (skyid grong). He must have been quite young when he received the transmission from Shabkar, and lived to a ripe old age since, not long before his death, he met the thirteenth Dalai Lama (1876-1933). He met Shabkar possibly in Kyirong in 1818-19, and most likely before the saint's return to Amdo in 1825. The biography of the Shuksep Jetsun gives no indication that Pema Gyatso travelled to Amdo. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Drum Sutra (Skt. mahabheriharaka-parinirvana, Tib. rnga bo che chen po'i mdo, T 222). [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Eastern Sun (T: shar chen nyi ma) An important image in the shambhala tradition, representing indestructible wakefulness. Being spontaneously present, it radiates peace and confidence. Being brilliant, it illuminates the way of discipline. Since it shines over all, heaven, earth, and man find their proper place. [Rain of Wisdom]

Great Emanated Scriptures of the Oral Transmission Pith-Instructions (man ngag sprul pa'i glegs bam snyan brgyud chen mo). These esoteric teachings, connected with Tsongkhapa's vision of Manjusri were never written down. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Extensive Space Chiti Tantra (nam mkha' che rgyas pa spyi ti'i rgyud). One of the Twenty-five Tantras of the Great Perfection taught by Shri Singha to Vairochana. [ZL] [RY]

Great Extensive Space Tantra (nam mkha' che rgyas pa'i rgyud). One of the Twenty-five Tantras of the Great Perfection taught by Shri Singha to Vairochana. [ZL] [RY]

Great Fruit ('bras bu che ba) [LW1] [RY]

Great Garuda View Scripture (lta ba khyung chen gyi lung). A tantra belonging the Mind Section of the Great Perfection. A tantra with similar title is found in Vol. KA of the Nyingma Gyübum. [ZL] [RY]

Great Garuda View Scripture (lta ba khyung chen gyi lung). A tantra with similar title is found in Vol. KA of the Nyingma Gyübum. [ZL] [RY]

Great Gate, The: The Heart Practice of Guru Rinpoche, Volume One, by Chokgyur Lingpa, Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche. Rangjung Yeshe Publications, Boudhanath. [ZL] [RY]

Great Glacier Lady of Invincible Turquoise Mist (gangs kyi yum chen rdo rje g.yu bun ma). A protector of the Dharma teachings bound under oath by Padmasambhava. She was formerly a Bönpo warrior spirit (dgra lha). [ZL] [RY]

Great Glorious One (dpal chen). Identical with Vishuddha Heruka in the case of Namkhai Nyingpo's vision. [ZL] [RY]

Great History of Nyingtig. (rdzogs pa chen po snying thig gi lo rgyus chen mo). Part of the Vima Nyingtig within the Nyingtig Yabshi. Explains the transmission of the Instruction Section of the Great Perfection from Buddha Samantabhadra, through the Indian vidyadhara masters, to Vimalamitra and the Tibetan lineage holders, until reaching Longchen Rabjam and the third Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje. [ZL] [RY]

Great Khenpo (mkhan chen). See Karmey Khenpo Rinchen Dargye. [RY]

Great King of the Wrathful Ones [LW1] [RY]

Great master and treasure revealer (gter chen bla ma). Same as Chokgyur Dechen Lingpa. [RY]

Great master from Uddiyana (o rgyan chen po). Same as Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

great master nirmanakaya. See Padmasambhava [LW1] [RY]

great master of Uddiyana (o rgyan gyi slob dpon chen po). See Padmasambhava [LW1] [RY]

great master of Uddiyana, Padmasambhava [LW1] [RY]

great master of Uddiyana; synonym for Padmasambhava; [LWx] [RY]

Great Master, (slob dpon chen po), Mahaguru. Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

Great Middle (dbu ma chen po). See Middle Way [LW1] [RY]

Great Middle (dbu ma chen po); see 'Middle Way' [LWx] [RY]

Great Middle Way (dbu ma chen po). See 'Madhyamaka.' [RY]

Great mother of dharmakaya. [Daki] [RY]

Great Oral Transmission of the Mind Training (blo sbyong snyan brgyud chen mo) is the collection of the writings of Gyalse Ngulchu Thogme Zangpo Pal (rgyal sras dngul chu thogs med bzang po dpal, 1295-1369), compiled by Drogön Palden Yeshe ('gro dgon dpal ldan ye shes), who was also the author of Gyalse Thogme's biography. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Orgyen (o rgyan chen po). Same as Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

Great Pacifying River Tantra (zhi byed chu bo chen po'i rgyud). [RY]

Great Perfection (rdzogs chen) lit. 'All-perfect'; the highest realization of the Atiyoga; a practice in which one can obtain enlightenment in one lifetime. [RY]

Great Perfection (rdzogs chen); as one of the four yogas; Ati Yoga; dharmakaya realm; four visions; meaning of Wisdom Essence; of natural luminosity; origin of confusion and liberation; syn. for Vajra Essence [LW1] [RY]

Great Perfection (rdzogs pa chen po). Same as 'Dzogchen.' The third of the three inner tantras of the Nyingma School. [RY]

Great Perfection (rdzogs pa chen po, Skt. mahasandhi). The third of the Three Inner Tantras of the Nyingma School. The Great Perfection is the ultimate of all the 84,000 profound and extensive sections of the Dharma, the realization of Buddha Samantabhadra, exactly as it is. See also 'Dzogchen' or 'Ati Yoga.' [ZL] [RY]

GREAT PERFECTION (rdzogs pa chen po, Skt. mahasandhi). The third of the Three Inner Tantras of the Nyingma School. The Great Perfection is the ultimate of all the 84,000 profound and extensive sections of the Dharma, the realization of Buddha Samantabhadra, exactly as it is. See also 'Dzogchen' or 'Ati Yoga.' [AL] [RY]

Great Perfection (rdzogs pa chen po, Skt. mahasandhi). The third of the Three Inner Tantras of the Nyingma School. The Great Perfection is the ultimate of all the 84,000 profound and extensive sections of the Dharma, the realization of Buddha Samantabhadra, exactly as it is. Synonym for 'Dzogchen' or 'Ati Yoga.'[Primer] [RY]

Great Perfection is the ultimate of all the 84.000 profound and extensive sections of the Dharma. It is the realization of Buddha Samantabhadra, exactly as it is. [RY]

Great Perfection, (rdzogs pa chen po, mahasandhi/ maha ati). The third of the three inner tantras. See Dzogchen. [RY]

Great Perfection, Mahasandhi, the Great Perfection, or Dzogchen (rdzogs chen), is the pinnacle of the Nyingma tradition and the ultimate view of the nine vehicles. It is based on primordial purity (ka dag) and spontaneous presence (lhun grub). See NS, book 1, parts 3 and 4, as well as Appendix 1 of this volume. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Perfection;, (rdzogs pa chen po). The ninth and ultimate vehicle. It refers to the primordial purity of all phenomena and the spontaneous presence of the Buddha's qualities in all beings. It is called "Great Perfection" because all phenomena are included in this primal perfection. There are three main lineages for the Great Perfection: the Khandro Nyingthig (mKha 'gro sNying thig) which came from Guru Rinpoche; the Vima Nyingthig (bi ma snying thig), which came through Vimalamitra; and the Vairo Nyingthig (Bai ro sNying sNying thig), which came through Vairocana. [MR]

Great Perfection;; as one of the four yogas; Ati Yoga; four visions; meaning of Wisdom Essence; of natural luminosity; origin of confusion and liberation; [LWx] [RY]

Great Practice" Aspect. Great Practice Skt: mahapratipatti Tib: sgrub pa chen po. The fourth and final traditional section of sevasadhana practice. This in fact refers to the first of these supplementary practices only : the mantra recitation that pervades all space. The rest are supplementary instructions. [Peter Roberts]

Great Prayer Festival (smon lam chen mo) which takes place every year at Lhasa during the first month of the lunar calendar called the miracle month. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Prayer Festival (smon lam chen mo): up to fifty thousand monks and nuns would gather on this occasion. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Purity (gtsang chen), explanation of the realm [LW1] [RY]

great purity and equality (dag mnyam chen po) [LW1] [RY]

Great Purity; explanation of the realm [LWx] [RY]

Great Regent (rgyal tshab chen po); stage of [LW1] [RY]

Great Repa (ras pa chen po) An epithet of Milarepa. [Rain of Wisdom]

Great Replica ('dra 'bag chen mo) by the chief disciples of Vairochana. The detailed life story of the great translator Vairochana and the transmission of the Dzogchen teachings through the buddhas and vidyadharas. Tibetan title: rje btsun thams chad mkhyen pa vai ro tsa na'i rnam thar 'dra 'bag chen mo. Published by Khochen Tulku, Dehra Dun, India. Translated by Anila Jinpa Palmo and yet unpublished. [ZL] [RY]

Great Seal (phyag rgya chen po). See Mahamudra. [RY]

great seal [LW1] [RY]

Great Secrecy (gsang chen). Another word for Vajrayana. [RY]

Great Secret (gsang chen). Another word for Vajrayana. [RY]

Great Secret. See Vajrayana [LW1] [RY]

Great Secret; same as Vajrayana; see 'Vajrayana'; [LWx] [RY]

Great Space King Scripture (nam mkha' che rgyal po'i lung). One of the Eighteen Major Scriptures of the Mind Section of Dzogchen. Vol. KA of the Nyingma Gyübum. [ZL] [RY]

Great Space Liberation Tantra (nam mkha' che grol ba'i rgyud). One of the Twenty-five Tantras of the Great Perfection taught by Shri Singha to Vairochana. [ZL] [RY]

Great Space Never Waning Banner Scripture (mi nub rgyal mtshan nam mkha' che'i lung). A tantra belonging the Mind Section of the Great Perfection. [ZL] [RY]

Great Space Tantra of Awakened Mind (nam mkha' che ba sems kyi rgyud). One of the Twenty-five Tantras of the Great Perfection taught by Shri Singha to Vairochana. [ZL] [RY]

Great Sphere; expl. of the dharmakaya realm [LW1] [RY]

Great Sphere; expl. of the dharmakaya realm [LWx] [RY]

Great Strength of Awareness Scripture (rig pa rtsal chen gyi lung). A tantra belonging the Mind Section of the Great Perfection. A tantra with similar title is found in Vol. KA of the Nyingma Gyübum. [ZL] [RY]

Great Stupa (mchod rten chen po). The Jarung Khashor Stupa at Boudhanath, Nepal, situated in the Kathmandu Valley. For details, see 'The Legend of the Great Stupa,' Dharma Publishing. [RY]

Great Temple of Sakya - The seat of the Sakya school (sa skya), founded in 1073 by Konchog Gyalpo of the Khön clan. Its main temple, the impressive Great Emanated Temple (sprul pa'i gtsug lag khang chen mo), was erected in 1268 and is the only building, among over a hundred temples in Sakya's monastic complex, which survived the Cultural Revolution. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Thread Cross (mdos chen) is a huge and most elaborate mdos accompanied by large offerings. It is usually performed once a year. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great Transference. This does not refer to the usual "transference of consciousness" of the phowa practice, but to the "Great Transference" into liberation. [Peter Roberts]

Great transformation body ('pho ba chen po'i sku). [RY]

Great treasure revealer (gter chen, gter ston chen po). Same as Chokgyur Lingpa. [RY]

Great Treasury of Detailed Exposition (bye brag bshad mdzod chen mo) [LW1] [RY]

Great Treasury of Detailed Exposition (bye brag bshad mdzod chen mo); expl. [LWx] [RY]

Great Treasury of Exposition (bshad mdzod chen mo) [LWx] [RY]

Great Turquoise Lake Palace (pho brang chen po g.yu mtsho), two days walk from Chikchar, south of the Pure Crystal Mountain. It is a magnificent lake "like a mirror of sapphire and the mandala of Chakrasamvara." [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Great upper directness (yar gyi zang thal). The attainment of enlightenment without having to go through the intermediate states. [RY]

Greater and lesser vehicles (theg pa che chung). Mahayana and Hinayana. [RY]

Greater and lesser vehicles (theg pa che chung). Mahayana and Hinayana. Mahayana includes the tantric vehicles. Hinayana is comprised of the teachings for shravakas and pratyekabuddhas. The connotation of 'greater' or 'lesser' refers to the scope of aspiration, the methods applied and the depth of insight. [RY]

Greater Vehicle [LWx] [RY]

Greater Vehicle. See Mahayana [LW1] [RY]

Greed (raga, chags (pa)). One of the three poisons. [RY]

ground (gzhi) [LW1] [RY]

Ground luminosity (gzhi'i 'od gsal). Synonymous with Mother Luminosity, dharmakaya. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]

Ground luminosity (gzhi'i 'od gsal). Synonymous with Mother Luminosity. [RY]

ground luminosity of full attainment (nyer thob gzhi'i 'od gsal). The luminosity of dharmakaya that dawns right after the three subtle dissolution stages of whiteness, redness and blackness. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]

Ground luminosity of the first bardo (bar do dang po gzhi'i 'od gsal). Synonymous with Mother Luminosity. [RY]

Ground luminosity of the natural state (gnas lugs gzhi'i 'od gsal). Synonymous with Mother Luminosity. [RY]

Ground Mahamudra (gzhi phyag chen). [RY]

Ground manifestation (gzhi snang). The manifestations of the ground of primordial purity, one's basic buddha nature. [RY]

ground of confusion; detailed expl. [LW1] [RY]

ground of confusion; detailed expl.; [LWx] [RY]

Ground of emanation (sprul gzhi). [Daki] [RY]

ground of the essence; detailed expl. [LW1] [RY]

ground of the essence; detailed expl.; [LWx] [RY]

Ground Wisdom (gzhi'i ye shes). The innate wakefulness present in all sentient beings. [RY]

ground, path and fruition; explanation in regards to the four syllables [LWx] [RY]

ground, path, and fruition (gzhi lam 'bras bu), explanation in regards to the four syllables [LW1] [RY]

ground; two aspects; [LWx] [RY]

Ground-of-all (kun gzhi). See 'All-ground.' [RY]

Group conduct (tshogs spyod). One of the numerous types of conduct. [RY]

Group sadhana. [Daki] [RY]

gsang ba gsum, literally the "three secrets," refer to the body, speech and mind of an enlightened being. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

gSar-ma - The new tradition or new Tantras associated with the second transmission of teachings to Tibet, starting in the eleventh century. [Tarthang]

gTer-ma - Texts hidden by Padmasambhava or sometimes other masters for recovery by gter-stons at a later time. [Tarthang]

Guardian of the Skies - The Manchu Ruler. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Guests of Qualities (yon tan gyi mgron). Synonymous for the Three Jewels and Three Roots. [RY]

Gugey [LW1] [RY]

Guhya Jnana. [Daki] [RY]

Guhyachandra (gsang ba'i zla ba) [LW1] [RY]

Guhyachandra (gsang ba'i zla ba); mention of [LWx] [RY]

Guhyachandra Bindu. [Daki] [RY]

Guhyagarbha [LWx] [RY]

Guhyagarbha Tantra (rgyud gsang ba snying po). The widely renowned Mahayoga tantra of the Early Translations. [RY]

Guhyagarbha Tantra (rgyud gsang snying); quotation from; synonyms for [LWx] [RY]

Guhyagarbha Tantra (rgyud gsang snying); styles of exposition; synonyms for [LW1] [RY]

Guhyagarbha Tantra. The widely renowned Mahayoga tantra of the Early Translations.[Primer] [RY]

Guhyagarbha, the king of the Nyingma Tantras. [RY]

Guhyamantra (gsang sngags). Synonymous with Vajrayana or tantric teachings. 'Guhya' means secret, both concealed and self-secret. 'Mantra' in this context means eminent, excellent or praiseworthy. Same as Secret Mantra. [RY]

Guhyasamaja (gsang ba 'dus pa) [LW1] [RY]

Guhyasamaja (gsang ba 'dus pa). Literally, 'Assembly of Secrets.' One of the major tantras and yidams of the New School. [RY]

GUHYASAMAJA (gsang ba 'dus pa). Literally, 'Assembly of Secrets.' One of the major tantras and yidams of the New School.[AL] [RY]

Guhyasamaja (gsang ba 'dus pa); 'Assemblage of Secrets' [LWx] [RY]

Guhyasamaja [LWx] [RY]

Guide to Lachi (la phyi):guide to; gsang lam sgrub pa'i gnas chen nyer bzhi'i ya gyal goo dah wa ri 'am 'brog laphyi gangs kyi ra ba'i sngon byung gi tshul las tsam pa'i gtam gyi rab tu phyed pa nyung du rnam gsal, by 'bri gung chung zang VI, dkon mchog bstan 'dzin chos kyi blo gros rnam par rgyal ba'i sde. Drigung Chung Tsang VI, born in 1868. Composed in 1896. [MR]

Guide to Lachi (la phyi):guide to; gsang lam sgrub pa'i gnas chen nyer bzhi'i ya gyal goo dah wa ri 'am 'brog laphyi gangs kyi ra ba'i sngon byung gi tshul las tsam pa'i gtam gyi rab tu phyed pa nyung du rnam gsal. by 'bri gung chung zang dkon mchog bstan 'dzin chos kyi blo gros rnam par rgyal ba'i sde. Composed in 1896. [MR]

Guide; nayaka, ('dren pa). Common epithet of a Buddha. [RY]

Guna (Skt., yon tan) Same as Jamgön Kongtrül the First, Lodrö Thaye. [RY]

Guna Sagara (yon tan rgya mtsho); ocean of good qualities. The monastic name of Jamgön Kongtrül Lodrö Thaye. [Rain of Wisdom]

Gunaprabha - Disciple of Vasubandhu, famed for his mastery of Vinaya [RY]

Gunaprabha - Disciple of Vasubandhu, famed for his mastery of Vinaya. [Tarthang]

Gunaprabha; (yon tan 'od) The chief student of Vasubhandu in the subject of Vinaya. He lived at a monastery in Mathura that had 5000 monks, all of whom kepts the Vinaya rules perfectly, and 500 of whom were able to recite the Hundred Thousand Vinayas ('dul ba 'bum sde). By the blessing of his pure discipline, he could restore miraculously the eyesight of a minister whose eyes had be gouged out by the king. After witnessing this feat, the king himself took Gunaprabha as his teacher. Among other texts, Gunaprabha composed the Basic Teachings of the Discipline Code ('dul ba mdo rtsa) and the Hundred Karma (las rgya). [MR]

Gunavarman - Kashmiri Sarvastivadin monk who converted the queen of Sumatra in the fifth century [RY]

Gungthang. [Daki] [RY]

Gurdrak Hungmar Nyingtig. [RY]

Guru (bla ma). Spiritual teacher. [RY]

Guru (bla ma). Spiritual teacher. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]

guru (T: bla ma; master, teacher) See Preface, pp. vii-xi. [Rain of Wisdom]

guru [LW1] [RY]

Guru Amitayus. [RY]

Guru Chintamani. (gu ru yid bzhin nor bu). "The Wish-fulfilling Guru". This is a form of Padmakara in which he does not hold a vajra or have the khatvanga in the crook of his arm, but his hands are in the meditation mudra, holding the kapala and vase of immortality. [Peter Roberts]

Guru Chökyi Wangchuk [LWx] [RY]

Guru Chökyi Wangchuk. See Guru Chöwang [LW1] [RY]

Guru Chöwang (gu ru chos dbang). One of the Five Tertön Kings. (1212-1270). For details, see the H.H. Dudjom Rinpoche's The Nyingma Lineage, its History and Fundamentals, Wisdom Publications. Guru Chöwang means 'Master Lord of the Dharma.' [AL] [RY]

Guru Dewa Chenpo. See Mahasukha. [RY]

Guru Dorje Lingpa. [Daki] [RY]

Guru Drakpo [LW1] [RY]

Guru Jober: 1196-1255/1231 [MR]

Guru Jober: 1196-1255/1231. [RY]

Guru Köncho Chidu (dkon mchog spyi 'dus). Ratnasamanyasamgha: This is the Sanskrit name used by Kongtrül himself. The Tibetan is dkon mchog spyi 'dus. Pronounced approximately as Köncho Chidu. dKon mchog "The rare and supreme" is the Tibetan translation for the Sanskrit word Ratna, "jewel", here meaning the three jewels of the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha. sPyi 'dus, literally "general-gathering" is the Tibetan for Samanyasamgha, meaning the union or embodiment of the Three jewels. Thrangu Rinpoche provided the translation "The Essence of the Three Jewels", which is a translation that expresses the actual meaning, rather than a more wooden literal translation. The Sanskrit is rather over-long for general use, and the name Köncho Chidu is already very familiar to a great number of people, so I have primarily used this. In context, an English translation of a deity's name, is unfortunately difficult to use, as it usually results in a phrase that blurs into the surrounding text, or sits rather awkwardly within it. However I have used it in various locations, such as in the title of the book. [Peter Roberts]

Guru Padma (gu ru pad ma). Same as Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

Guru Padmabhasajvala (pad ma 'od 'bar). Padmasambhava's name in the Könchok Chidu practice. [Peter Roberts]

Guru Padmakara in Sahor costume. The Sahor costume is so called because it was given to him by the king of Sahor (a kingdom in north east India, in the present day Bhagalpur area, to the east of the more well known area that contains Rajghir, Bodhgaya and Nalanda), who had attempted to have Padmakara burned at the stake for associating with his daughter, princess Mandarava. Having developed faith in Padmakara, due to witnessing his miraculous powers, the King offered to him the princess and his whole kingdom. In particular, he gave to Padmakara the royal costume of the king of Sahor, which was principally, the great silk robe, which is usually shown being worn by Padmakara on top of the rest of his clothing, and the royal hat that had a vulture feather or peacock feather crest. This kind of ceremonial hat was quite commonly worn amongst Indian potentates as their insignia. The exact appearance of the Sahor royal hat is uncertain, so there are various slightly differing representations of it. But this is the most familiar costume in which Padmakara is portrayed. [Peter Roberts]

Guru Padmasambhava (gu ru pad ma 'byung gnas). Same as Guru Rinpoche. [RY]

Guru Practices (bla sgrub), guru sadhana. A development stage practice focusing on the guru aspect of the Three Roots. [RY]

Guru Rinpoche (gu ru rin po che) 'Precious Master.' The lotus born tantric master who established Vajrayana Buddhism in Tibet in the 9th century at the invitation of King Trisong Deutsen. He manifested the attainment of the four vidyadhara levels. He hid innumerable Dharma treasures throughout Tibet, Nepal and Bhutan to be revealed by destined disciples in the centuries to come. Guru Rinpoche resides on the summit of the Copper Colored Mountain on the southeastern continent. He is also known under the names Padmasambhava and Padmakara. [ZL] [RY]

Guru Rinpoche (gu ru rin po che). The Precious Master. Refers to Padmakara, Padmasambhava. See The Life and Liberation of Padmasambhava and The Legend of the Great Stupa, both Dharma Publishing. [RY]

Guru Rinpoche comes to Tibet and begins the construction of Samye: 810 (HHDR) [MR]

Guru Rinpoche comes to Tibet and begins the construction of Samye: 810 (HHDR). [RY]

Guru Rinpoche goes to Ngayap Ling: 864 (HHDR) or 876 (Patrul, Mipham) [MR]

Guru Rinpoche goes to Ngayap Ling: 864 (HHDR) or 876 (Patrul, Mipham). [RY]

Guru Rinpoche lays again the foundation stone: 811 [MR]

Guru Rinpoche leaves India : 802 [MR]

Guru Rinpoche of Uddiyana. See Padmasambhava [LW1] [RY]

Guru Rinpoche reaches Samye : 809 [MR]

Guru Rinpoche reconsacrates the ground: 810 [MR]

Guru Rinpoche The lotus born tantric master who established Vajrayana Buddhism in Tibet in the 9th century at the invitation of King Trisong Deutsen. He manifested the attainment of the four vidyadhara levels. He hid innumerable Dharma treasures throughout Tibet, Nepal and Bhutan to be revealed by destined disciples in the centuries to come. Guru Rinpoche resides on the summit of the Copper Colored Mountain on the southeastern continent. He is also known under the names Padmasambhava and Padmakara. [RY]

Guru Rinpoche with consort. [RY]

Guru Rinpoche. See Padmasambhava [LW1] [RY]

Guru Rinpoche; alias Padmasambhava; [LWx] [RY]

Guru Rinpoche's disciples; are: the twenty five great siddhas of Chimpu; (bsam yas mchim pu), the fifty five Thokden of Yangdzong;, or realized beings, of Yangdzong (brag yang rdzong), the Hundred and eight practitioners who accomplished the Body of Light in Yerpa; (brag yer pa), and the same number who did the same in Chuwori (chu bo ri), as well as the 25 dakinis who passed into the Light Body, and many others. [MR]

guru sadhana [LW1] [RY]

guru sadhana; [LWx] [RY]

Guru Torma. A Guru torma is a torma of specific shape particularly intended for offering to a guru. It is said that in the Kongtrül tradition, that this is a "red peaceful torma" with a lotus-petal base. Its accompanying tormas are described as five smaller "white rounded tormas", though it is clearly four lesser versions of itself that are prescribed in this text. [Peter Roberts]

Guru Vajrasattva (bla ma rdo rje sems dpa'). The root guru in the form of Vajrasattva. [RY]

Guru Vidyadhara (bla ma rig 'dzin) [LW1] [RY]

Guru Vidyadhara (bla ma rig 'dzin). A deity and set of scriptures belonging to the Nine Sadhana Sections. Often the Guru Vidyadhara and the eight herukas in the Eight Sadhana Teachings form a single mandala with nine groups of deities. The chief existing scripture for the teachings on Guru Vidyadhara is called the Root Tantra of the Assemblage of Vidyadharas (rig 'dzin 'dus pa rtsa ba'i rgyud) and is the fifteenth tantra within the Assemblage of Sugatas, an immensely detailed collection of teachings on the Eight Sadhana Teachings and associated Vajrayana material brought to Tibet by Padmasambhava and taught to his main disciple. The Assemblage of Sugatas was concealed as a terma and later revealed by Nyang Ral Nyima Özer. The practice of Guru Vidyadhara is expressed through the principle known as the four aspects of approach and accomplishment. The most detailed terma on this principle was revealed by Sangye Lingpa (1340-1396) and is still renowned as Lama Gongdü (bla ma dgongs 'dus) in 18 volumes of approximately 700 pages each. The Guru Vidyadhara is also the basis for innumerable sadhanas propagated by other tertöns, for instance the Rigdzin Dupa cycle within the termas of Longchen Nyingtig as well as the Barchey Künsel cycle revealed by Chokgyur Lingpa and Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo that are both widely practiced to this day. [ZL] [RY]

Guru Vidyadhara (bla ma rig 'dzin). See Nine Sadhana Sections. [ZL] [RY]

Guru Vidyadhara [LWx] [RY]

Guru yoga (bla ma'i rnal 'byor). The practice of supplicating for the blessings and mingling the mind of an enlightened master with one's own mind. One of the special inner preliminaries. [RY]

Guru Yoga of Orgyen Rinpoche (o rgyan rin po che bla ma'i rnal 'byor): a practice of guru devotion focusing on Guru Padmasambhava. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Guru, the root of blessings (byin rlabs kyi rtsa ba bla ma). The first of the three roots. [RY]

Guru, Yidam and Dakini (bla ma yi dam mkha' 'gro). The three roots of Vajrayana practice: the guru is the root of blessings, the yidam is the root of accomplishments, and the dakini is the root of activities. [ZL] [RY]

guru, yidam, and dakini. See also Three Roots [LW1] [RY]

Gurubhya (bla ma la). Together with 'Namo' it means "Homage to the master." [RY]

Guru's Heart Practice (bla ma'i thugs sgrub). See Barchey Künsel. [RY]

Guru's Heart Practice of Dorje Drakpo Tsal; [LWx] [RY]

Guru's Heart Practice, Dispeller of All Obstacles (bla ma'i thugs sgrub bar chad kun sel). See Barchey Künsel. [RY]

Guru's Heart Practice, Dispeller of All Obstacles (bla ma'i thugs sgrub bar chad kun sel). The main cycle of teachings revealed by Chokgyur Lingpa. [RY]

Guru's Heart Practice; Barchey Künsel; meaning of; [LWx] [RY]

Guru's Heart Practice; Barchey Künsel; meaning of; of Dorje Drakpo Tsal [LW1] [RY]

Guru's Mind Treasure (bla ma'i thugs gter). [ZL] [RY]

gurus of the six classes (gu ru rigs drug) [LW1] [RY]

gurus of the six classes (gu ru rigs drug) [LWx] [RY]

gurus of the three lineages (brgyud gsum gyi bla ma) [LW1] [RY]

gurus of the three lineages (brgyud gsum gyi bla ma); expl. [LWx] [RY]

Gurus of the three lineages (brgyud gyi gsum bla ma) are the root of the blessings of the four vajras. [RY]

Guru's three kayas and three roots. Three Kayas: Amitabha, Avalokiteshvara and Padmasambhava, as respectively, the Dharmakaya, Sambhogakaya and Nirmanakaya. Three Roots: Peaceful guru, Wrathful Guru and Singhamukha, as respectively, the Guru, Yidam-deity and the Dakini. [Peter Roberts]

Guyang Nyinthig, The Heart Essence of Openness and Ease (rdzogs pa chen po snying thig gi khrid yig go bde bklag chog tu bkod pa lhun grub rtogs pa'i rang sgra kun bzang thugs mdzod gu yangs snying gi thig le). Fine wooden blocks for this work have recently been carved under the guidance of Trulshik Rinpoche at Thupten Chöling in Solokhumbu, Nepal. See also Ehrhard, Fluegelschlaege des Garuda, p.37. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Guyhamantra. Guyhamantra: Literally, the Secret-Mantra [Yana]. [Peter Roberts]

Gyachang Forest of Zurphug (zur phug rgya lcang tshal). Place name. [ZL] [RY]

Gyachen Kadzo (rgya chen bka' mdzod). One of the Five Treasuries of Jamgön Kongtrül the First containing his collected various writings. [RY]

Gyakar Ri Dorje Phagmo (rgya gar ri'i or bying mda' O dkar brag, rdo rje phag mo), daughter of the gzim shag thon par sku 'khrungs: died in 1906 [MR]

Gyal Khenchen (rgyal mkhan chen grags pa rgyal mtshan) 23rd abbot of Labrang Tashikhyil: 1762-1837 [MR]

Gyalbu Nyingpo (rgyal bu snying po). [ZL] [RY]

Gyaling (rgya gling), a reed instrument close to the Persian shanai and one of the principal ritual instruments in Tibetan Buddhism. See NS, note 1133. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyalkyi Shri (rgyal kyi sri) is the Tsibri (rtsib ri) range, west of Shelkar Dzong (shel dkar rdzong) in Latö (la stod). See Aufschnaiter (1976). [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyalmo Tsawarong (rgyal mo tsha ba rong). A district between eastern Tibet and China. [ZL] [RY]

Gyalpo Dza. [RY]

Gyalpo Pehar. [RY]

Gyalpo spirits (rgyal po). A type of mischievous spirit, sometimes counted among the 'eight classes of gods and demons.' When subdued by a great master, they can also act as guardians of the Buddhadharma. [ZL] [RY]

GYALPO SPIRITS (rgyal po). A type of mischievous spirit, sometimes counted among the 'eight classes of gods and demons.' When subdued by a great master, they can also act as guardians of the Buddhadharma. [AL] [RY]

Gyalpo, mamo and tsen (rgyal po ma mo dang btsan). The names for three types of evil spirits, the manifestations of the three poisons. [RY]

Gyalse Ngulchu Thogme Zangpo: 1295-1369 [MR]

Gyalse Shenphen Thaye (rgyal sras gshan phan mtha' yas): 1800-? [MR]

Gyalse Shenphen Thaye: 1740- [MR]

Gyalsey Lhaje (rgyal sras lha rje), the second prince-son of Trisong Deutsen. [Daki] [RY]

Gyalsey Togmey (rgyal sras thogs med). Also known as Gyalsey Ngülchu Togmey Zangpo (1295-1369), this master of the Sakya tradition is famous for his 37 Practices of a Bodhisattva.[EMP] [RY]

Gyalto Rami (rgyal to ra mi). Minister of King Trisong Deutsen; also spelled Gyatong Rakyim (rgya stong ra khyim). [ZL] [RY]

Gyaltsap Rinpoche Padma Namgyal (rgyal tshab rin po che pad ma rnam rgyal). The root guru of H.H. Dilgo Khyentse. [RY]

Gyaltsap Rinpoche. [RY]

Gyaltsen Öser (rgyal mtshan 'od zer), another name of Arik Geshe. See Translator's Introduction, note 46. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyalwa Cho-yang (rgyal ba mchog dbyangs). A close disciple of Guru Rinpoche who attained accomplishment through the practice of Hayagriva and later was incarnated as the Karmapas. Born in clan of Nganlam in the Phen Valley, he took ordination from Khenpo Bodhisattva in the first group of seven Tibetan monks. It is said that he kept his vows with utmost purity. Having received the transmission of Hayagriva from Padmasambhava, he practiced in solitude and reached the level of a vidyadhara. [ZL] [RY]

Gyalwa Choyang (rgyal ba mchog dbyangs). A close disciple of Guru Rinpoche who realized Hayagriva and later was incarnated as the Karmapas. [RY]

Gyalwa Cho-Yang of Nganlam (ngan lam rgyal ba mchog dbyangs). A close disciple of Guru Rinpoche who attained accomplishment through the practice of Hayagriva and was later incarnated as the Karmapas. Born into the Nganlam clan in the Phen Valley, he took ordination from Shantarakshita in the first group of seven Tibetan monks. It is said that he kept his vows with utmost purity. Having received the transmission of Hayagriva from Padmasambhava, he practiced in solitude and reached the level of a vidyadhara. Gyalwa Cho-yang means 'Sublime voice of victory.' [AL] [RY]

Gyalwa Cho-yang of Nganlam (ngan lam rgyal ba mchog dbyangs). See above. [ZL] [RY]

Gyalwa Götsangpa (rgyal ba rgod tshang pa). (1189-1258). Literally, 'Vulture Nest Dweller.' A great master in the early Drukpa Kagyü lineage; also known as Gönpo Dorje (mgon po rdo rje). A rebirth of Jetsun Milarepa. Among his many disciples were Orgyenpa and Gyalwa Yang Gönpa.[EMP] [RY]

Gyalwa Götsangpa Gönpo Dorje (rgod tshang pa mgon po rdo rje) : 1189-1258 [MR]

Gyalwa Götsangpa Gonpo Dorje (rgyal ba rgod tshang pa mgon po rdo rje, 1189-1258), a great saint of the Drukpa Kagyu lineage. He lived the life of a perfect hermit, performed many miracles, and left many inspiring writings on devotion (mos gus), pure perception (dag snang), and many other aspects of contemplative life. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyalwa Jangchub of Lasum (la gsum rgyal ba byang chub). One of the first seven Tibetans to receive full ordination as a monk by Shantarakshita, he was exceedingly intelligent, visited India several times and translated many sacred scriptures. A close disciple of Padmasambhava, he attained siddhi and could fly through the sky. Rigdzin Kunzang Sherab, the founder of the great Palyül Monastery in Kham, is considered one of his reincarnations. Gyalwa Jangchub means 'Victorious enlightenment.' [AL] [RY]

Gyalwa Karmapa. [RY]

Gyalwa Lhanangpa (rgyal ba lha nang pa gzi brjid rdo rje), ancestor of Pema Lingpa, disciple of Drigung Jigten Gonpo: 1164-1224 [MR]

Gyalwa Lobzang Gyatso, The Fifth Dalai Lama, (rgyal ba blo bzang rgya mtsho, 1617-1682), who wrote an advice called the Pearl Garland (mu thi la'i phreng ba). [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyalwa Longchen Rabjam (rgyal ba klong chen rab 'byams) :1308-1363 [MR]

Gyalwa Lorepa Wangchuk Tsöndrü (lo ras pa dbang phyuk brtson 'grus) :1187-1250 [MR]

Gyalwa Lorey (rgyal ba lo ras). A great master of the Drukpa Kagyu school. See 'Lorepa.' [RY]

Gyalwa Pasang Wangpo, (rgyal ba dpag bsam dbang po,the immediate reimbodiment of Pema Karpo): 1593-1653 [MR]

Gyalwa Rinpoche (rgyal ba rin po che), the Precious Victorious One, an epithet of H.H. the Dalai Lama. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyalwa Yang Gönpa (rgyal ba yang dgon pa). (1213-1287). A master of the Drukpa Kagyü School; disciple of Götsangpa.[EMP] [RY]

Gyalwa Yang Gönpa (rgyal ba yang dgon pa). A master of the Drukpa Kagyu School. 1153-1198 /1213-1287 [RY]

Gyalwa Yangonpa (rgyal ba yang dgon pa): 1153-1198 /1213-1287 [MR]

Gyalwai Wangpo (rgyal ba'i dbang po), 1rst Drukchen: 1428-1478 [MR]

Gyalwang (rgyal ba). 'King of Victorious Ones.' The title of H.H. Karmapa. [RY]

Gyalwang Karmapa, 15th (rgyal dbang kar ma pa bco lnga pa). See 'Khakyab Dorje.' [RY]

Gyalwang Karmapa. See Karmapa [LW1] [RY]

Gyalwey Dungdzin (rgyal ba'i gdung 'dzin). One of the twelve manifestations. [RY]

Gyalwey Lodrö of Drey ('bre rgyal ba'i blo gros). Beginning as Gönpo, a trusted attendant of Trisong Deutsen, he became one of the first Tibetans to take ordination, taking the name Gyalwey Lodrö, Victorious Intelligence. He became erudite in translation and attained accomplishment after receiving transmission from Hungkara in India. It is said that he visited the land of Yama, the Lord of the Dead, and saved his mother from the hell realms. After receiving teachings from Padmasambhava, he performed the feat of transforming a zombie into gold, some of which was later revealed in terma treasures. He achieved the vidyadhara level of longevity and is reputed to have lived until the era of Rongzom Pandita Chökyi Sangpo (rong zom chos kyi bzang po) (1012-1088), to whom he gave teachings. Gyalwey Lodrö means 'Victorious wisdom.' [AL] [RY]

Gyalwey Lodrö of Drey ('bre rgyal ba'i blo gros). One of the first Tibetans to take ordination. He received transmission from Hungkara in India. At first he was a trusted attendant of Trisong Deutsen by the name Gönpo and later, at the time of taking ordination, he was given the name Gyalwey Lodrö, Victorious Intelligence. He became erudite in translation and attained accomplishment after receiving transmission from Hungkara. It is said that he visited the land of Yama, the Lord of the Dead, and saved his mother from the hell realms. After receiving teachings from Padmasambhava, he showed the feat of transforming a zombie into gold. Some of this gold has been revealed in termas later on. He achieved the vidyadhara level of longevity and is reputed to have lived until the time of Rongzom Pandita Chökyi Sangpo (rong zom chos kyi bzang po) 1012-1088, to whom he gave teachings. [ZL] [RY]

Gyang Bumoche (rgyang 'bum mo che) was an immense Tashi Gomang (Many Gates of Auspiciousness) stupa build by the Sakya master Sonam Tashi (bsod nams bkra shis, 1352-1412). See Tucci (1973) and Vitali (1990). [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyangdrak Monastery (rgyangs grags, called "Gengta" on old maps ). A little above Darchen, Gyangdrak Monastery was founded by Dordzin Guhya Gangpa (see above note 10), according to a prediction of Drigung Jigten Gonpo (see MK, p.59) upon a hill endowed with perfect geomantic features. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyatong Rakyim (rgya stong ra khyim). Gyalto Rami (rgyal to ra mi). Minister of King Trisong Deutsen; [RY]

Gyatrul Rinpoche. [RY]

Gyatsa Lhanang (rgya tsha lha snang). A minister of King Trisong Deutsen; also spelled Gyaltsa Lhanang (rgyal tsha lha snang). [ZL] [RY]

Gyeling Tsokpa; (rgyal gling tshogs pa), or (brgyad gling) A Sakya Monastery in Lower Dranang Valley. [MR]

Gyongpo (gyong po). [ZL] [RY]

Gyu Me (rgyud smad), the Tantric College of Lower Tibet, was founded in 1433 by Sherap Senge (shes rab seng ge) and eventually settled near the Ramoche Temple of Lhasa. Gyu Tö (rgyud stod), the Tantric College of Upper Tibet, was founded in 1474 by Kunga Dondrup (kun dga' don grub) at Jampeling Monastery. Both were dedicated to the practice of the Guhyasamaja Tantra (rgyud gsang ba 'dus pa). [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Gyübum (rgyud 'bum). The Hundred Thousand Tantras of the Nyingma School. [RY]

Gyubum / Rgyud 'bum - The Hundred Thousand Tantras: a collection of teachings from the rNying ma tradition [RY]

Gyungyi Koljang (rgyun gyi bkol byang). Same as the Daily Practice Manual of Tukdrub. [RY]

Gyurme Dorje. [RY]

Gyurme Ngedon Wangpo ('gyur med nges don dbang po). One of the teachers of H.H. Dudjom Rinpoche. [RY]

Gyurme Thekchog Tenzin ('gyur med theg mchog bstan 'dzin), 2nd Dzogchen Rinpoche, founder of Derge Pharkhang: 1699- [MR]

Gyurme Thekchok Tenpey Gyaltsen ('gyur med theg mchog bstan pa'i rgyal mtshan). A name of H.H. Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. [RY]

Gyutrül Shitro (sgyu 'phrul zhi khro). The Mahayoga style of the mandala of the 100 peaceful and wrathful deities. [RY]

Gyutrul Tsekar (sgyu 'phrul tshe dkar). One of the termas revealed by Chokgyur Lingpa which focuses on White Amitayus. [RY]

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The Rangjung Yeshe Gilded Palace of Dharmic Activity (Front Cover)

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