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The Rangjung Yeshe Gilded Palace of Dharmic Activity (Front Cover)

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Relative truth (kun rdzob kyi bden pa). A synonym for 'conventional truth.' [RY]

Relative Truth (kun rdzob kyi bden pa). The seeming, superficial and deceptive aspect of reality. It is defined differently by the different philosophical schools. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]

Relic pills (ring sel). Tiny pills of sacred substance found in the ashes after the cremation of a practitioner who has reached a certain level of realization. [RY]

relics of the three kinds are relics related to the bodies of past saints, such as hair, bones, or clothes; relics related to their speech, such as pieces of their handwriting or pages from their personal books; and relics related to their mind, such as tiny pearl-like relics (ring bsrel) found in their ashes, which are the sign that these saints attained ultimate realization. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Relinquishing Harmful Influences (gdon bkrol). [ZL] [RY]

Reliquary. [RY]

Remati (re ma ti). [ZL] [RY]

Reminding-instruction (gsal 'debs). Refers here to the pointing-out instruction for recognizing the nature of mind repeated for one at the verge of death by a master or a close Dharma friend. [RY]

Renunciant (bya btang). One who has given up the worldly concerns for this life. [RY]

renunciation (nges 'byung) [LW1] [RY]

Renunciation, nihsarana, (nges 'byung). Escape from the world, in that one understands so well the faults of even the best of samsaric life that it arouses no attachment in one. [RY]

renunciation; expl. [LWx] [RY]

Repa (ras pa), "cotton-clad," refers to the yogin practitioners who dress in simple white cotton robes even in the bitter cold of winter. Ben refers to a Buddhist monk. Bön refers to the followers of the original Tibetan spiritual culture. See BM, pp. 106-12. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Repa Karpo (ras pa dkar po). One of the masters of the Barom Kagyu lineage. [RY]

Repeating the Words of the Buddha [LW1] [RY]

Repeating the Words of the Buddha; quotation from [LWx] [RY]

Repelling rituals (zlog pa), intended to reverse, or send back, evil influences or charms cast upon one. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Replies to Objections; (rtsod bzlog). [PK] [RY]

Representation. [RY]

representations (rten); of body, speech, and mind [LW1] [RY]

representations of Body, Speech and Mind; [LWx] [RY]

Representations of body, speech, and mind (sku gsung thugs rten). These are for example: statues, scriptures and stupas. [RY]

representations; expl. [LWx] [RY]

Resting in naturalness (rnal dbab). The Dzogchen version of shamatha practice. [RY]

Resting meditation {'jog sgom}. Meditation where whatever thoughts occur, upon recognition one just rests in the nature. [RY]

Restoring the Naga Castle (klu'i pho brang gso ba). [ZL] [RY]

result ('bras bu) [LW1] [RY]

Result of action resembling the cause (byed pa rgyu mthun gyi 'bras bu) is to naturally take delight in the particular aspects of the ten nonvirtues that one has been accustomed to in former life times. [RY]

result of action resembling the cause (byed pa rgyu mthun gyi 'bras bu); expl. [LW1] [RY]

Result of experience resembling the cause (myong ba rgyu mthun gyi 'bras bu), one will, for each of the ten nonvirtues respectively, have short life span, be in lack of necessities, have much strife in family life, meet with a lot of slander, have no friends, hear unpleasant words, hear pointless talk, have no result from one's hopes, always have fear, and be meet with wrong views. [RY]

result of experience resembling the cause (myong ba rgyu mthun gyi 'bras bu); expl. [LW1] [RY]

Result of ripening (rnam smin gyi 'bras bu). The karmic ripening that decides rebirth in one of the six realms of samsara. [RY]

Result of the acting person (skyes bu byed pa'i 'bras bu) is that the cause, though small, can be increased into many results. [RY]

result of the acting person (skyes bu byed pa'i 'bras bu); expl. [LW1] [RY]

result of the acting person (skyes bu byed pa'i 'bras bu); expl. [LWx] [RY]

result resembling the cause (rgyu mthun gyi 'bras bu); expl. of two types [LW1] [RY]

result resembling the cause; explanation of two types [LWx] [RY]

resultant object of refuge; expl. [LWx] [RY]

Resultant Secret Mantra ('bras bu gsang sngags). The Vajrayana system of taking the fruition as the path as opposed to the 'causal philosophical vehicles.' See also 'Secret Mantra.' [RY]

Resultant system of Secret Mantra ('bras bu gsang sngags). The Vajrayana system of taking the fruition as the path by regarding buddhahood as inherently present and the path as the act of uncovering one's basic state. This is different from the 'causal philosophical vehicles' of Mahayana and Hinayana that regard the path as that which leads to and produces the state of buddhahood. Ultimately, these two approaches are not in conflict. See also 'Secret Mantra.' [RY]

Resultant Tantric Vehicle ('bras bu sngags kyi theg pa). Synonym for Vajrayana. [RY]

resultant Vajra Vehicles [LW1] [RY]

Resultant vehicle ('bras bu'i theg pa). The Vajrayana system of taking fruition as the path by regarding buddhahood as inherently present and the path as the act of uncovering the basic state. This is different from the 'causal philosophical vehicles' of Mahayana and Hinayana that regard the path as that which leads to and produces the state of buddhahood. Ultimately, these two approaches are not in conflict. See also 'Secret Mantra.' [ZL] [RY]

Resultant vehicle of mantra ('bras bu sngags kyi theg pa) has the outer and inner sections among which the three outer tantra sections (phyi rgyud sde gsum )are kriya (bya rgyud), charya (spyod rgyud) and yoga (rnal 'byor rgyud) and the three inner tantra sections (nang rgyud sde gsum) are father ta??. [RY]

Resultant Vehicles ('bras bu'i theg pa). Same as Vajrayana. For details, see 'causal and resultant vehicles.'[AL] [RY]

resultant vehicles ('bras bu'i theg pa); definition of; four special qualities [LW1] [RY]

resultant vehicles of Mantra ('bras bu sngags kyi theg pa), listing of [LW1] [RY]

resultant vehicles; definition of; expl.; four special qualities; of Mantra ('bras bu sngags kyi theg pa), listing of [LWx] [RY]

resultant, unexcelled greater vehicle; [LWx] [RY]

retention. See dharani [LW1] [RY]

Reting, or Ratreng (rwa sgreng) is the monastery founded by Drom Tönpa ('brom ston pa, 1004-64), the foremost disciple of Lord Atisha (See BA, pp.251ff.). It is there that the kadampa teachings first flourished. Later, it became the seat of the Reting incarnations, several of whom were regent-kings of Tibet. The second throne-holder, Trichen Lobzang Yeshe Tenpa Rabgye (khri chen blo bzang ye shes bstan pa rab rgyas, 1759-1816). [MR-ShabkarNotes]

retreat perimeter sign. Retreat perimeter sign: This contains images or seed-syllables of the four great Kings of the four sides of Mount Meru. At the beginning of a retreat they are invoked and asked to reside within their image, with their powers of protection, until the retreat is concluded. This marks the boundary beyond which a retreater should not venture, or a person from outside enter. [Peter Roberts]

retreat-boundary sign (mtshams tho)[Peter Roberts]

Revealing the Hidden Points of Oral Instruction (zhal gdams gab pa mngon phyungs). [EMP] [RY]

Revulsion (zhen log). A synonym for 'renunciation.' When understanding the consequences of negative actions and the futility of worldly pursuits, one feels a natural disgust for continuing samsaric existence just like a person with jaundice being presented with a meal of greasy food. [RY]

rgyal ba dgongs brgyud - wo1 226 [RY]

rgyal po dzah - King Jah - wo1 241; = Indrabhuti bar pa life story [RY]

Rgyal tshab spyi lugs kyi dbang;: When the Chakravartin was to designate his successor he would gather his five hundred sons and give the empowering vase to his royal elephant who would go and put it on the head of the prince who has been chosen, who at that very moment became the heir to the throne. It also refers to an essential form of bestowing the four empowerments condensed into one, by giving the blessing with the vase and transferring the totality of the blessing as if emptying completely one vase into another. the corresponding six wisdoms and liberate from suffering the beings of the six realms. [MR]

rGyud-'bum - The Hundred Thousand Tantras: a collection of teachings from the rNying-ma tradition. [Tarthang]

ri dwags thed - carcasses of wild animals. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

rig 'dzin brda brgyud - wo1 227 [RY]

rig pa'i rtsal dbang, a most profound empowerment which introduces one to the nature of awareness beyond conditioned mind, and makes one realize that thoughts are but the display of awareness. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rigden Jampal Drakpa [LWx] [RY]

Rigden Jampal Drakpa. See Kulika Manjushrikirti [LW1] [RY]

Rigden Pema Karpo [LWx] [RY]

Rigden Pema Karpo. See Kulika Pundarika [LW1] [RY]

Rigdzin Dudul Dorje (rig dzin bdud 'dul rdo rje, 1615-72) a great tertön reincarnation of Khyeuchung Lotsawa (khye'u chung lo tsa), one of the 25 disciples of Guru Rinpoche. See GC, Vol.3 pp.161 ff. and NS, pp. 813 ff. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rigdzin Gödem (rgod ldem): 1337-1409 [MR]

Rigdzin Gödem (rig 'dzin rgod kyi ldem phru can) [LW1] [RY]

Rigdzin Gödem (rig 'dzin rgod kyi ldem phru can) [LWx] [RY]

RIGDZIN GÖDEM (rig 'dzin rgod kyi ldem phru can). Alias Ngödrub Gyaltsen (dngos grub rgyal mtshan), (1337-1408). The great treasure revealer of the Jangter Tradition. Among his termas are the Dzogchen teachings Kadag Rangjung Rangshar and the better known Gongpa Sangtal. When he was 12 years old three vulture feathers grew on his head, and five more when he was 24. He passed away at the age of 71 amidst miraculous signs. Rigdzin Gödem means 'Vidyadhara Vulture Feathers.'[AL] [RY]

Rigdzin Gödem (rig 'dzin rgod ldem) 1337-1408. The great treasure revealer of the Jangter Tradition. Among his termas are the Dzogchen teachings Kadag Rangjung Rangshar and the more well known Gongpa Sangthal. [RY]

Rigdzin Gödem. Among the "three supreme incarnations", the five "king-like tertöns", the "eleven Lingpas", the "hundred great tertöns", and the "thousand minor tertöns," Rigdzin Gödem; (rig 'dzin rgod kyi ldem phru can), alias Ngodrup Gyaltsen (dnos grub rgyal mtshan), 1337-1408 was the foremost of among the "three supreme incarnations, the body reincarnations of Nanam Dorje Dudjom; (sna nam pa chen po rdo rje bdud 'joms), himself an emanation of Guru Rinpoche's mind and at the same time one of the nine foremost disciples of Guru Rinpoche. When he was 12 years old three vulture /eagle feathers grew on his head, and five more when he was 24. Trulku Sangpo Tragpa, who had found some terma from Gyang Yonpo Lung knew that some of his terma where needed for Rigdzin Gödem to reveal his own termas. So he send the texts of these and following this, Gödem opened the Treasure Lore of Tazang Ri, from which he took many shogser and terma objects, corresponding to five main cycles of teachings. Later Gödem also went to Sikkim and became teacher of the King of Guge. He passed away at 71 amidst wondrous miraculous signs. [MR]

RIGDZIN GÖKYI DEMTRU CHEN (rig 'dzin rgod kyi ldem phru can). Same as 'Rigdzin Gödem.'[AL] [RY]

Rigdzin Jatson Nyingpo. Rigdzin Jatson Nyingpo (1585-1656): The discoverer of the Ratnasamanyasamgha, the Köncho Chidu, teachings. See the introduction for a short description of his life. The description of his appearance occurs in the preliminary practice, and can also be seen for example in the murals of Dabzang Rinpoche and Ogyen Tulku's monasteries in Nepal, arms dramatically outstretched in a halo of rainbow light, smiling, the long flaps of his pandita's hat floating upwards. He is in full monks clothing, legs in the vajra posture and he holds a vajra in the right hand and a phurba in the left. Kongtrül includes a description of the visualisation of him at this point in his text of the preliminaries. In that text however, this precedes the contemplation of precious human existence, impermanence,etc. [Peter Roberts]

Rigdzin Jigme Lingpa (rig 'dzin jigs med gling pa): 1729-98 [MR]

Rigdzin Kachupa Palden Tashi (rig 'dzin bka' bcu pa dpal ldan bkra shis): this master from Rekong traveled to Central Tibet and became a geshe at Drepung monastery. He then embraced the Nyingmapa Tradition at Mindroling monastery. He also became the disciple of Terchen Nyima Trakpa (gter chen nyi ma grags pa, 1647-1710) and of his son Gyalse Orgyen Tendzin (rgyal sras o rgyan bstan 'dzin, 1701-7/8) from whom he received the complete transmission of Nyima Trakpa's termas. He then returned to Amdo where he taught these widely. (See GC, vol.4, p. 444, and RO, p.615). Among the descendants of Palden Tashi, appears the famed Gedun Chöpel (dge 'dun chos 'phel, 1905-1951). See RO p.647. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rigdzin Kunsang Sherab founded Payul (dpal yul) monastery in 1665 [MR]

Rigdzin Longsal Nyingpo (rig 'dzin klong gsal snying po, 1625-92), a disciple of Dudul Dorje and a great tertön of Kathok monastery. See GC, Vol.3, p.177. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rigdzin Nyima Trakpa (rig 'dzin nyi ma grags pa): 1647-1710 [MR]

Rigdzin Nyima Trakpa (rig 'dzin nyi ma grags pa, 1647-1710). This lineage is likely to have come through Kachupa Palden Tashi (bka' bcu pa dpal ldan bkra shis). See Author's Introduction, note 44. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rigdzin Pema Trinley (rig 'dzin pad ma phrin las): 1641-1717 [MR]

Rigdzin Tsewang Norbu (rig 'dzin tshe dbang nor bu), 1698-1755, a great luminary of Kathok Monastery who travelled extensively and restored too the Great Stupa of Bodhnath, seventy years before Shabkar gilded its pinnacle. He passed away in Kyirong. See GC Vol.3, pp. 194-8. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rigdzin Tsewang Norbu. Rigdzin Tsewang Norbu: A late eighteenth century master who was the head of the Kahtok Nyingma tradition, centred at his monastery of Kahtok in Kham, and who was a close associate of the tenth Shamarpa and the eighth Taisitu. He was the holder of the Ratnasamanysamgha lineage at that time, and composed the instruction text entitled "guru dgongs rgyan" ("The Adornment of the Guru's Intention").: [Peter Roberts]

Rigpa (rig pa). The state of awareness devoid of ignorance and dualistic fixation. [RY]

Rikdü Root Tantra (rigs 'dus rtsa rgyud). [RY]

Rikpey Dorje. Karmapa 16. [RY]

Ril bu (ril bu) medicinal capsule, which often contains holy substances and has been blessed by a lama. [RY]

Rimey (ris med) (Rime’) [LW1] [RY]

Rina (ri sna) Monastery, in the Kyichu Valley, to the west of Lhasa. See Appendix 4. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rin-chen bzang-po - First great lo-tsa-ba of the second transmission. [Tarthang]

Rinchen Chok of Ma (rma rin chen mchog). Early Tibetan translator, among the first seven Tibetans to take ordination from Shantarakshita and the chief recipient of the Magical Net of Mahayoga. He is known for translating the Essence of Secrets Guhyagarbha Tantra, the chief tantra of Mahayoga. Through the teachings he received from Padmasambhava he attained the level of a vidyadhara. [ZL] [RY]

Rinchen Chok of Ma (rma rin chen mchog). Early Tibetan translator, among the first seven Tibetans to take ordination from Shantarakshita and the chief recipient of the Magical Net of Mahayoga. He is known for translating the Essence of Secrets Guhyagarbha Tantra, the chief tantra of Mahayoga. Through the teachings he received from Padmasambhava he attained the level of a vidyadhara. Rinchen Chok means 'Sublime Jewel.'[AL] [RY]

Rinchen Drönmey [LW1] [RY]

Rinchen Drönmey; [LWx] [RY]

Rinchen Namgyal [LW1] [RY]

Rinchen Pal (Disciple of Phagmo Drupa): 1143-1217. [RY]

Rinchen Sangpo / (rin chen bzang po) - First great lo tsa ba of the second transmission [RY]

Rinchen Terdzö (rin chen gter mdzod chen mo). 'The Great Treasury of Precious Termas' A collection of the most important revealed termas of Padmasambhava, Vimalamitra, Vairochana and other of their closest disciples, gathered by Jamgön Kongtrül Lodrö Thaye with the help of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. 63 volumes. Published by His Holiness Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, New Delhi, India, with the addition of several more volumes of termas and commentaries. [ZL] [RY]

Rinchen Terdzö (rin chen gter mdzod chen mo). 'The Great Treasury of Precious Termas,' a collection of the most important revealed termas of Padmasambhava, Vimalamitra, Vairochana and their closest disciples, gathered by Jamgön Kongtrül Lodrö Thaye with the help of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. Published in 63 volumes by His Holiness Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, New Delhi, India, with the addition of several more volumes of termas and commentaries. Khakyab Dorje, the 15th Karmapa, described it is these words: "The great Treasury of Precious Termas is the quintessence of the ocean-like teachings of the sugatas (buddhas), the profound Vidyadhara Pitaka of the Early Translation School."[AL] [RY]

Rinchen Terdzö (rin chen gter mdzod), details of its inception, expl. of lineage [LW1] [RY]

Rinchen Terdzö (rin chen gter mdzod). One of the Five Treasuries of Jamgön Kongtrül containing 63 volumes of terma teachings. [RY]

Rinchen Terdzö. 'The Great Treasury of Precious Termas' A collection of the most important revealed termas of Padmasambhava, Vimalamitra, Vairochana and other of their closest disciples, gathered by Jamgön Kongtrül Lodrö Thaye with the help of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. 63 volumes.[Primer] [RY]

Rinchen Terdzö; details of its inception; expl.; expl. of lineage; [LWx] [RY]

Rinchen Zangpo: 957-1055 [MR]

Ringsel (ring sel). See 'relic pill.' [RY]

Ringsel / Ring bSrel - small, very hard glittering objects found in the burnt ashes of certain very great lamas. [RY]

Rinpoche (rin po che). 'Precious One.' [RY]

Rinpoche (rin po che, pron. 'rim po ch'i'). 'Precious One', Tib. title for someone identified as the rebirth of an earlier distinguished Dharma practitioner. Also called tulku (sprul sku), lit. Nirmanakaya but in most cases simply a courtesy title. [RY]

rinpoche (rin po che; precious one) An honorific term for a Tibetan guru. [Rain of Wisdom]

Ripened and freed (smin grol). See Ripening and liberation. [RY]

ripened result (rnam smin gyi 'bras bu). See result [LW1] [RY]

ripened result (rnam smin gyi 'bras bu); expl. [LWx] [RY]

ripening and liberation (smin grol) [LW1] [RY]

Ripening and liberation (smin grol). Ripening through empowerment and liberation through oral instruction. [RY]

Ripening and liberation (smin grol). Two vital parts of Vajrayana practice: The empowerments which ripen one's being with the capacity to realize the four kayas and the liberating oral instructions enabling one to actually apply the insight that was introduced through the empowerments. [ZL] [RY]

Ripening and Liberation (smin grol). Two vital parts of Vajrayana practice: the empowerments which ripen one's being with the capacity to realize the four kayas and the liberating oral instructions enabling one to actually apply the insight introduced through the empowerments. [AL] [RY]

ripening empowerment (smin byed kyi dbang). See four empowerments [LW1] [RY]

Ripening empowerments (smin byed kyi dbang). The Vajrayana empowerments which ripen one's being with the capacity to realize the four kayas. [RY]

rishi - The Sanskrit rishi has been translated in Tibetan as drang srong, "Straight Ones", and refers to Indian hermits, both Buddhist and non-Buddhist, who were renowned for the rectitude of their conduct and spiritual practice. Risis were dressed in white, hence the analogy with the white vulture. In the Tibetan culture, the vulture is considered to be the king of birds. We have substituted "eagle" for "vulture" throughout this translation, since the latter often has a negative connotation for Western readers. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rishi (drang srong). 1) 'Seer', inspired Vedic sage, Brahmanical ascetic with magical powers. 2) Title for someone has attained the power of truthful speech so that whatever he says comes true. [ZL] [RY]

Rishi (drang srong). 'Seer', inspired Vedic sage, Brahmanical ascetic with magical powers. [RY]

Rishi Curd Drinker (drang srong zho 'thung) [RY]

rishi Curd Drinker (drang srong zho 'thung) [LWx] [RY]

rishis. Rishi (Tibetan: drang srong). The Sanskrit means one who is a seer, the rishis being considered the sources of all knowledge, such as the vedas, which they have received by revelation. The Tibetan means "one who is upright", but still referring to a human being of exceptional spiritual accomplishments. [Peter Roberts]

Rite. See Action. [RY]

ritual for the land (sa chog) means taking hold of the site. [RY]

ritual-vase containing the twenty-five ingredients (bum rdzas nyer lnga). The twenty-five ingredients that are prepared to make the contents of the ritual-vase, comprise of five sets of five substances. There are five medicines, such as the root of sweet-flag and the blue lotus. Five kinds of grain, such as barley, wheat and white sesame. Five valuables, which can be either gold, silver, sapphire, ruby and pearl, or if using metals only, gold, silver, copper, iron and tin. Five perfumes,: camphor, cloves, nutmeg, saffron and sandalwood. Five essences: honey, raw-sugar, salt, butter and chebulic myrobalan (arura). [Peter Roberts]

Riwo Dru-dzin [LW1] [RY]

Riwo Trazang (ri bo bkra bzang), a branch monastery of rdo rje brag built near the place where Rigdzin Gödem (rig 'dzin rgod ldem, 1337-1408) discovered several of his termas. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Riwo Wangshu. [RY]

Riwoche [LW1] [RY]

Riwoche Jedrung: 1925-1982 [MR]

Riwoche Monastery. [RY]

Riwoche. Major Kagyü and Nyingma monastery situated between Central Tibet and Kham.[Primer] [RY]

rnga yab - wo1 237 [RY]

rNying-ma - Tibetan school of Buddhism established bv Padmasambhava. [Tarthang]

ro langs bde ba'i dngos grub - wo1 267, life story [RY]

Roaring Lion (seng ge sgra grogs). Senge Dradrog. One of Padmasambhava's eight manifestations. [ZL] [RY]

roasted barley flour (tsampa), which, mixed with tea, needs no further cooking. This combination of tsampa and tea constitutes the diet of most retreatants in Tibet. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

Rochik (ro gcig). The third stage in the practice of mahamudra. [RY]

Rock of the Imprint of the Raksha's Claw (brag srin po'i spar rjes). [ZL] [RY]

Rombuguhya Devachandra (lha'i zla ba). One of the Eight Vidyadharas, receiver of the transmission of Mundane Worship born in Uddiyana. [ZL] [RY]

Rongmey Karmo Taktsang (rong me dkar mo stag tshang). See Karmo Taktsang [LW1] [RY]

Rongmey. See Rongmey Karmo Taktsang [LW1] [RY]

Rongmey; [LWx] [RY]

Rongmi. [RY]

Rongtong Mrawai Senge: 1347-1449 [MR]

Rongzom Pandita, Chökyi Sangpo (rong zom chos kyi bznag po): 1012-1088 [MR]

Rongzom Pandita, Chökyi Sangpo [LW1] [RY]

Rongzom Pandita; Chökyi Sangpo [LWx] [RY]

RONGZOMPA, Rongzom Pandita, Chökyi Sangpo (rong zom pa chos kyi bzang po). (1012-1088). Together with Longchenpa, he is regarded as the Nyingma scholar of outstanding brilliance.[AL] [RY]

root and branch commitments. () There are many sets of commitments within the Tantras, but the most well known ones are from the Anuttaratantras: The Fourteen root and eight branch commitments. The root commitments are: 1. Not to malign your Tantric teacher. 2. Not to disobey the instructions of the Buddha in general and your guru specifically. 3. Not to express anger at your Dharma brothers and sisters. 4. Not to give up love for beings. 5. Not to lose the bodhicitta. 6. Not to malign spiritual traditions other than the Tantras, in particular the Mahayana Sutras. 7. Not to give secret teachings to those who are not ready. 8. Not to afflict your own body with suffering. 9. Not to doubt the deep meaning of the Dharma. 10. Not to be loving to the malevolent who cannot be helped by love. 11. Not misinterpret with conceptualisation that which transcends concepts. 12. Not to malign Dharma practitioners, and drive beings away from the Dharma and the Tantra in particular. 13. Not to follow purely Shravaka conduct, thus giving up the Tantric activities of the ganachakra, etc. 14. Not to malign women. The eight branch commitments are principally concerned with the practice of having a consort, and with teaching the Tantras. [Peter Roberts]

Root and branch samayas (rtsa ba dang yan lag gi dam tshig). [RY]

Root and subsidiary guidance texts (gzhung khrid dang yan lag). [RY]

Root guru (rtsa ba'i bla ma). A practitioner of Vajrayana can have several types of root guru: the vajra master who confers empowerment, who bestows reading transmission, or who explains the meaning of the tantras. The ultimate root guru is the master who gives the 'pointing-out instruction' so that one recognizes the nature of mind. [RY]

Root of Activities (phrin las kyi rtsa ba). The dakinis and Dharma protectors. [RY]

Root of Blessings (byin rlabs kyi rtsa ba). The guru among the three roots. [RY]

Root of siddhis (dngos grub kyi rtsa ba). The yidam among the Three Roots. [RY]

Root Tantra of Manjushri ('jam dpal rtsa rgyud) [LW1] [RY]

Root Tantra of Manjushri; [LWx] [RY]

Root Tantra of the Assemblage of Sugatas (bde gshegs 'dus pa rtsa ba'i rgyud). Tantra belonging to the Sadhana Section of Mahayoga found in Vol. OM and AH of the Nyingma Gyübum. See also Assemblage of Sugatas. [ZL] [RY]

Root Tantra of the Assemblage of Vidyadharas (rig 'dzin 'dus pa'i rtsa rgyud) [LW1] [RY]

Root Tantra of the Assemblage of Vidyadharas (rig 'dzin 'dus pa'i rtsa rgyud); expl. [LWx] [RY]

Root Tantra of the Gathering of the Vidyadharas". (rig 'dzin 'dus pa'i rtsa rgyud). This is a terma text as evident from the horizontal stroke and two circles at the end of each line, instead of the usual vertical stroke that is employed in non-terma texts. [Peter Roberts]

Root teacher (rtsa ba'i bla ma). Root guru. A practitioner of Vajrayana can have several types of root guru: the vajra master who confers empowerment, who bestows reading transmission, or who explains the meaning of the tantras. The ultimate root guru is the master who gives the 'pointing-out instruction' so that one recognizes the nature of mind. [Bardo Guide 91] [RY]

Roots of virtue (dge ba'i rtsa ba). A good deed. [RY]

ROOTS OF VIRTUE (dge ba'i rtsa ba). A good deed; a moment of renunciation, compassion, or faith. Virtuous deeds created in the present or in former lives.[AL] [RY]

roots, three (rtsa gsum) Guru, yidam, and dharmapala. These three are objects of refuge in the Vajrayana in addition to the Three Jewels. [RY]

Royal seat of dharmakaya (chos sku'i rgyal sa). Same as complete buddhahood. [RY]

Royal throne of dharmakaya (chos sku'i rgyal sa). See 'Dharmakaya throne of nonmeditation.' [RY]

Royal throne of the three kayas (sku gsum gyi btsan sa). Same as complete buddhahood. [RY]

royal treasures of a universal monarch, seven (rin chen sna bdun) [RY]

Ru Monastery. [RY]

Rudra (drag po). 'Roarer, Howler'. Vedic god of tempests, who later became known by the euphemistic title of shiva, 'benevolent, auspicious'. [RY]

Rudra (ru dra). The demon of ego-clinging. [RY]

Rudra {ru dra}. Type of demon. Through breaking samaya one can become such a demon. [RY]

Rudra Confession (ru dra sme bshags). A confession included in the Immaculate Confession Tantra (dri med bshags rgyud). [RY]

Rudras (ru dra). 1) A type of unruly half-god half-demon. 2) The demon of ego-clinging. [RY]

rudras [LWx] [RY]

Rugged Forest. [Daki] [RY]

Rugged Grove (rtsub 'gyur tshal). [ZL] [RY]

Rugma. [Daki] [RY]

Rule of King Ashoka: 274-236 BC [MR]

Rulu Rulu mantra. [RY]

Rumtek (Sikk.). The chief seat of the Karma Kagyu lineage established in Sikkim, India, by His Holiness the 16th Karmapa. [RY]

Rumtek Monastery. [RY]

Rupakaya (gzugs kyi sku). 'Form body.' A collective term for both sambhogakaya and nirmanakaya.[Primer] [RY]

Rupakaya (gzugs kyi sku). 'Form body.' A collective term for both sambhogakaya and nirmanakaya. [RY]

rupakaya (gzugs sku), expl. of types [LW1] [RY]

Rupakaya {gzugs sku}. Body of form. [RY]

Rupakaya of spontaneous presence (lhun grub kyi gzugs sku). The display of the bardo of dharmata. [RY]

Rupakaya, the "form body," which includes both sambhogakaya and nirmanakaya. [MR-ShabkarNotes]

rupakaya; expl. of types [LWx] [RY]

Rut-fluid, mala, danambhas; (myos byed chu bo). (myos chu), Fluid that exudes from bumps on the temples of a male elephant when he is in rut. [RY]

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The Rangjung Yeshe Gilded Palace of Dharmic Activity (Front Cover)

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