rin po che'i sman
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རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་སྨན
precious jewel med. [including mer bsregs pa'i tse mi zhu ba gyu byur lta bu mi zhu ba'i khams kyi rigs dang, mer bsregs pa'i tse zhu ba gser dngul lta bu zhu ba'i khams dang gnyis mchis] [IW]
precious jewel med. *] [IW]
medicines from precious materials [JV]
(med) Medicinal precious substances
mi bzhu ba'i khams
rdo rje pha lam / g.yu / in dra nI la / bai dU rya / padma rA ga / chu snying / chu chung ni la / si ra ka / tau ra ma li / ma rgad / gandhi / rdo'i snying po / dza' ti / tsu ta / rma bya'i mgrin / sbrul gyi nor bu / chu yi snying po / nal / yid bzhin nor bu / me shel / chu shel / bhai ro / khyung skyugs / khra man / shel / ka rka ta na / byu ru / mu men / gzi / mchong / sbur len / shang ka shi la / chu yi nor bu / mu tig / nya phyis / pa tra / ce spyang rwa / dung / 'gron bu / ga dza danta / gla ba'i nor bu / rdo ba char 'bebs / chu tshan ring bsrel / ku sha ban dha //
bzhu ba'i khams
gser / dngul / dngul chu / zangs / lcags / lcags dreg / thong lcags / lcags kyi btsa' / gnam lcags / thog lcags / 'khar ba / ra gan / gsha' dkar / zha nye / ti tsha dkar po / zi la / 'khro //
In the 12th century, the Four Tantra gives a limited number of precious substances - gold, silver, copper, iron, turquoise, pearl, mother of pearl, conch shell, coral and lapis lazuli (gser, dngul, zangs, lcags, g.yu, mu tig, nya phyis, dung, byu ru, mu men). 500 years later, the Shel gong shel phreng (1737) lists 65 precious substances, 42 non-meltable (gems and precious stones) and 17 meltable (mainly metals). It is very close in structure and content to the Tibetan Medical Thangka of the 4 Tantras (1688), comissioned by the regent Sangs-rgyad rGya-mtsho, which largeley illustrate the Materia Medica. The mineral substances are elaborately illustrated - precious medicine, medical stones, earths and salts - but there is a conspicious absence in the illustration of the precious gem stones mentioned in the Shel gong (diamond, sapphire, emerald, ruby etc.). The descriptions themself are often vague, too. Ruby (padma rA ga) is described as having 9 types, but the names recall rather the indian Navaratna, 9 different gemstones connected to planets and celestial phenomena. Without their indian synonymes, the identity of a number of gemstones remains enigmatic. That leaves the impression that the original precious medicines remained the main ones and that a number of precious and semi-precious gemstones were known by their names, but materially more or less absent.
Johannes Schmidt (talk) 08:51, 17 February 2024 (EST)