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Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyāpāda (14700) + ((vyApAda, vyApAda) vyāpā … (vyApAda, vyApAda) vyāpāda¦, m. (= Pali id.; see prec. two), malice; one of the three mental akusala karmāṇi (regularly listed after abhidhyā and before mithyādṛṣṭi or °darśana): Mv i.107.15; Mvy 1697; LV 31.17; Mv ii.99.11 (avidyā in 10 by error for abhidhyā); Bbh 224.1; Karmav 79.16; °da-citta, malicious thoughts, SP 379.1; 382.7; °da-vitarka, substantially the same, LV 71.9; Śikṣ 39.15; avyāpādo …vyāpādavitarkaprahāṇāya saṃvartate LV 32.22, non- malice…leads to abandonment of malicious reflections; opposite of maitrī Bbh 204.24; 368.21; vyāpādasyāvyāpādo niḥsaraṇaṃ maitrī Mvy 1597; asuras are vyāpādabahulā Mv i.30.2, sureṣu vyāpādena, with (or, because of) malice towards the gods id. 3--4; associated with other vices, often in lists of vices, esp. juxtaposed to krodha, SP 419.6; LV 52.14; 411.17; miscellaneous LV 35.2; 42.5; 178.13; 279.8; 280.5; 430.12; Śikṣ 14.3; Dbh 25.4; Bbh 145.9; 243.21; Sukh 25.13; ākīrṇa-vyāpāda, with abundant malice, RP 34.9; one of the 5 nīvaraṇa, q.v.aneous LV 35.2; 42.5; 178.13; 279.8; 280.5; 430.12; Śikṣ 14.3; Dbh 25.4; Bbh 145.9; 243.21; Sukh 25.13; ākīrṇa-vyāpāda, with abundant malice, RP 34.9; one of the 5 nīvaraṇa, q.v.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyāpadyate, °ti (14698) + ((vyApadyate, vyApadyate, °ti) < … (vyApadyate, vyApadyate, °ti) vyāpadyate, °ti¦ (= Pali vyāpajjati; cf. next two), is cross, malicious, shows ill will: tataḥ kupyanti °dyanti abhiṣyandanti kopaṃ ca roṣaṃ ca apratyayaṃ ca āviṣ- karonti Mv i.30.5; (kupyati) °dyate madguḥ etc. Av i.286.5, see s.v. maṅku; tatra nāmāhaṃ vyāpadye Śikṣ 188.13, under these circumstances, forsooth, I am cross (as I ought not to be; Transl. wrong); (na ca mayā pareṣāṃ svaparāddhānām) api vyāpattavyaṃ 14, and I must not be cross at others even when they are guilty of grave offenses.14, and I must not be cross at others even when they are guilty of grave offenses.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/Vyāsaparipṛcchā (14718) + ((vyAsaparipfcCA, vyAsaparipfcCA) Vyāsaparipṛcchā¦, n. of a work: Mvy 1392.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyavadāna (14658) + ((vyavadAna, vyavadAna) v … (vyavadAna, vyavadAna) vyavadāna¦, nt. (= Pali vodāna; n. act. to next), purification, cleansing: vyavadānāvyavadānataḥ Laṅk 18.9, according to purity and impurity; °na-saṃnihita-puṇya-bala (so with mss.) Mv i.204.18 (vs), with the power of merit accumulated through purification; kleśa-(mss. kleśaṃ) °naṃ vetti Mv i.160.2 (vs), he knows how to purify the depravities, one of the 10 bala of a Tathāgata, oftener saṃkleśa- °na-, Mvy 126 (also in list of the 10 bala); MSV iii.142.12; Mv iii.321.6 (°naṃ…saṃprajānanti); Divy 616.23, in passage parallel to Mv iii.357.14 and Pali Vin. i.15.36--38, but only Divy has saṃkleśa-°nam; Pali lacks vodāna; in Mv kāmeṣu bhayaṃ okāraṃ saṃkileśaṃ (construe with kāmeṣu, as in Pali with kāmānaṃ), naiṣkramyānuśaṃsā (prob. separate!) °naṃ saṃprakāśayati, he sets forth the …impurity found in desires, the blessing (advantage) of renunciation, and purification (sc. of the saṃkileśa men- tioned just before ?); saṃkleśa-°na also LV 433.14 f.; these two form a standardly contrasting pair, saṃkleśāya na °nāya Av ii.188.9 (by em.); saṃkleśaṃ °naṃ paśyati Śikṣ 172.11; two extremes (anta), saṃkleśa and °na KP 59.(2--)3; (kathaṃ ca saṃkleśo bhavati kathaṃ) ca °naṃ Bbh 99.11; similarly 215.7; 388.8 (cf. 5); asaṃbhinnajñāna- °nāya Dbh 3.14.paśyati Śikṣ 172.11; two extremes (anta), saṃkleśa and °na KP 59.(2--)3; (kathaṃ ca saṃkleśo bhavati kathaṃ) ca °naṃ Bbh 99.11; similarly 215.7; 388.8 (cf. 5); asaṃbhinnajñāna- °nāya Dbh 3.14.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyavadāyate, °ti (14659) + ((vyavadAyate, vyavadAyate, °ti) & … (vyavadAyate, vyavadAyate, °ti) vyavadāyate, °ti¦ (= Pali vodāyati; cf. prec., and BR and pw s.v. 7 dā, but app. not used in the same mg.), becomes purified: (naite…dharmā udvijante, na) saṃkli- śyante na °yante Śikṣ 263.15; similarly, na saṃkliśyate na °yate ŚsP 140.14; (na ca…saṃkliśyate na…) °yati AsP 399.15, 16. Cf. saṃkleśa contrasting with vyavadāna.…) °yati AsP 399.15, 16. Cf. saṃkleśa contrasting with vyavadāna.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyavakīrṇa (14650) + ((vyavakIrRa, vyavakIrRa) … (vyavakIrRa, vyavakIrRa) vyavakīrṇa¦, ppp. of vy-ava-kṛ scatter (= Pali vokiṇṇa, but see below), interrupted, broken up, halting (of speech): na vyava° = a-vyava°, q.v., Śikṣ 126.1 na vyavakīrṇa-vacanaḥ, his speech is not halting, broken. In Skt., and acc. to PTSD in Pali (vokiṇṇa), the only meaning seems to be filled, pervaded, thoroughly mixed (with, instr.); in this sense also BHS, e.g. Dbh 53.21. But cf. Pali abbokiṇṇa, CPD.ervaded, thoroughly mixed (with, instr.); in this sense also BHS, e.g. Dbh 53.21. But cf. Pali abbokiṇṇa, CPD.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyavalokayati (14666) + ((vyavalokayati, vyavalokayati) &l … (vyavalokayati, vyavalokayati) vyavalokayati¦, rarely °te (= Pali voloketi; cf. prec. and next, also vyapalo°), looks closely (at), examines care- fully, in physical or intellectual sense, the two being sometimes indistinguishable: °yata (Tib. ltos, impv.) mārṣā bodhisattvasya kāyaṃ LV 30.20, and °yata… daśadikṣu…bodhisattvān 21, behold! (physically); (Asita speaks) yan nv ahaṃ °yeyam iti, sa divyena cakṣuṣā… adrākṣīt LV 101.5; siṃhāvalokitaṃ mahāpuruṣāvalokitaṃ °yati sma LV 84.5, gazed the gaze of a lion, of a Great Man; but intellectually just below, (sarvasattvānāṃ ca citta- caritaṃ [ca, omit with ms. A] prajānāti sma, jñātvā) ca °yati sma LV 84.10, reflected, considered (quotation follows of question he asked himself); sa narakān °yitum ārabdho, na paśyati…Divy 83.4; (Buddhacakṣuṣā lokaṃ) °yanti 95.25; (Bhagavān…) nāgāvalokitena °yati 208.17; cāturdvīpikaṃ °yituṃ pravṛttaḥ, tatrāpi nādrākṣīt Av i.258.3; nānāvāsaṃ °yitavyaṃ Kv 96.8, is to be (physically) inspected; °yantu māṃ Buddhāḥ Suv 30.7, cited Śikṣ 162.15, (physically) examine; sarvadharmārthagatiṃ (Tib. don gyi = artha, in gen. relation to rim pa = gati, series or method) ca tathāgato °yati (Tib. gzigs, see, both phys. and intellectually) SP 121.7; anusaran °kayan pratipadya- mānaḥ Dbh 47.19, of Buddhas passing from 5th to 6th bhūmi; lokasya saṃbhavaṃ ca vibhavaṃ ca °yate 47.24 (same situation); (dharmāṇāṃ…hetuphalavyavasthā- naṃ…) °yati, °lokya kāmadhātāv eva sabhāge dhātāv… Bbh 397.28 (here app. intellectually); (puruṣaḥ…na) °yitavyaḥ Bhīk 24a.4, cited s.v. upanidhyāyati (could be both physical and intellectual); °yadhvaṃ bhikṣavo vyavacārayadhvaṃ, yad yuṣmākaṃ nirvāṇaṃ naiva nirvāṇam SP 189.9.e app. intellectually); (puruṣaḥ…na) °yitavyaḥ Bhīk 24a.4, cited s.v. upanidhyāyati (could be both physical and intellectual); °yadhvaṃ bhikṣavo vyavacārayadhvaṃ, yad yuṣmākaṃ nirvāṇaṃ naiva nirvāṇam SP 189.9.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyavasarga (14669) + ((vyavasarga, vyavasarga) … (vyavasarga, vyavasarga) vyavasarga¦ (m.; Skt. Gr. id.; Ved. in diff. mg.; = Pali vavassagga, wrongly defined PTSD; AN i.36.20 vavassaggārammaṇaṃ karitvā, comm. ii.38.19 vavassaggo vuccati nibbānaṃ, which is perh. over-narrow but comes close to BHS), = (pari)tyāga, abandonment, giving up or away; Tib. on Mvy rnam par gtoṅ (or, spoṅ) ba, both abandonment: °ga-pariṇatam, adj. with ṛddhipādam (acc.), after virāga-niśritam, nirodha-niśritam, Mvy 975, and [Page516-b+ 71] Dbh 39.1; °ga-rata Mvy 2846, among tyāgādayaḥ, also Śikṣ 24.6 (adj. with hastapādaparityāgena). Dbh 39.1; °ga-rata Mvy 2846, among tyāgādayaḥ, also Śikṣ 24.6 (adj. with hastapādaparityāgena).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyupaśama (14735) + ((vyupaSama, vyupaSama) v … (vyupaSama, vyupaSama) vyupaśama¦, m. (= Pali vūpasama; also rarely Skt. id., see BR; see next two; at least in some of the appli- cations here listed, only Buddh.), (1) calming, tranquil- lization of the mind (citta): (parameṇa citta-) °mena Divy 516.13; citta-dama-°mena samanvāgataṃ Av i.101.3 (of a Buddha; see vyupaśamana); (2) bringing to rest, of the saṃskāra: teṣāṃ °maḥ sukhaṃ Av ii.198.10 = Mmk 579.12 (vs, = Pali DN ii.157.9); stilling, of desires: nirodho °mo 'staṃgamaḥ Bhīk 24a.4; of misery (duḥkha), Divy 587.7; Bbh 27.1; sarvasattvakleśaśaṃtāpa-°mena Gv 386.14; of disease, vyādhi-°mārthaṃ Divy 109.26; vyā- dhīnāṃ °māya Bbh 209.21; glānya-°māya Śikṣ 37.5; (3) tranquillity, presumably of mind (as in 1): (a-vyupa- śāntaḥ) a-vyupaśamārāmaḥ Bbh 169.4.dhīnāṃ °māya Bbh 209.21; glānya-°māya Śikṣ 37.5; (3) tranquillity, presumably of mind (as in 1): (a-vyupa- śāntaḥ) a-vyupaśamārāmaḥ Bbh 169.4.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/vyupaparīkṣate (14734) + ((vyupaparIkzate, vyupaparIkzate) … (vyupaparIkzate, vyupaparIkzate) vyupaparīkṣate¦, and by haplology vyuparīkṣate, once °ti, fut. °kṣiṣyati (= upaparīkṣ°), investigates or reflects thoroughly, on religious truths: sa evaṃ (i.e. in words just quoted) °kṣamāṇas Śikṣ 122.1, he thus reflecting; °kṣamāṇo Dbh 31.17; vyuparīkṣate Dbh.g. 28(54).16 (last syllable lacking in mss.; vyupaparī° would be hypermetrical here and in the two other Dbh.g. occurrences); vyuparīk- ṣamāṇo 29(55).11; also introducing a question, evaṃ vyupaparīkṣate, katamena…Dbh 32.7; vyuparīkṣate, katama hetu…Dbh.g. 11(347).20; or a problem, vyupa- rīkṣiṣyati (so mss., Nobel em. vyuparīkṣeta), yenāyaṃ… sūtrendrarājas…pracaret Suv 113.4 (prose), he will ponder on how this… (the proved occurrence thrice in Dbh.g. of the haplological form justifies Nobel in keeping it here in prose, with his mss., but I see no advantage in his em. of fut. to opt.). Cf. prec.in Dbh.g. of the haplological form justifies Nobel in keeping it here in prose, with his mss., but I see no advantage in his em. of fut. to opt.). Cf. prec.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yāthāva-tas (12455) + ((yATAvatas, yATAva-tas) yāthāva-tas¦, adv. (= Pali °to), exactly, with ex- pressions of knowing: Dbh.g. 27(53).11 (viditvā); Śikṣ 260.2, 6 (vss; with forms of jñā).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yācanaka (12450) + ((yAcanaka, yAcanaka) yāc … (yAcanaka, yAcanaka) yācanaka¦ (Skt. and Pali only m., beggar), (1) m. wooer (of a girl, on behalf of another): Divy 168.1 sārthavā- haputrāś ca bhāryārthaṃ °kān preṣayanti; (2) nt., begging, in na-yācanaka, q.v.; (3) nt., alms, the result of begging: Mv iii.184.17 (prose) māṣa aparasya puruṣasya sakāśāto yācanakaṃ (mss. vāc°, but em. certain) labdhaṃ; Śikṣ 145.2 °ka-guruko, eager for alms.egging: Mv iii.184.17 (prose) māṣa aparasya puruṣasya sakāśāto yācanakaṃ (mss. vāc°, but em. certain) labdhaṃ; Śikṣ 145.2 °ka-guruko, eager for alms.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yāmalokika (12474) + ((yAmalokika, yAmalokika) … (yAmalokika, yAmalokika) yāmalokika¦ (only Gv 75.23) or °laukika, adj. (cf. yama°; to Skt. yamaloka plus -ika), of Yama's world: with sattva, pl., creatures of…, Mv ii.301.7; Gv 75.23; with pretāḥ Śikṣ 130.17; after nārakaḥ tairyagyonikaḥ Bbh 295.23; °kāni duḥkhāni Gv 376.5..301.7; Gv 75.23; with pretāḥ Śikṣ 130.17; after nārakaḥ tairyagyonikaḥ Bbh 295.23; °kāni duḥkhāni Gv 376.5.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/-yānika, -yānīya (12464) + ((yAnika, -yAnika, -yAnIya) <b& … (yAnika, -yAnika, -yAnIya) -yānika, -yānīya¦, adj. (cf. Pali yānika, yāniya, not in this sense; from yāna plus -ika, -īya), one who adheres to (one of the three Buddhist) yāna; the two forms seem quite interchangeable, and both are common; note esp. śrāvakayānīyasya vā mahāyānikasya vā Bbh 180.24; śrāvaka-pratyekabuddha-yānīya (Kashgar rec. °yānika) SP 137.5, śrāvaka-yānīya 6 (no v.l. cited); 234.1 (Kashgar rec. °nika); °nika (no v.l.) 2; śrāvaka-, pratyekabuddha-, and bodhisattva-yānika SP 183.8 and Śikṣ 314.9, but same with yānīya SP 224.3--4; śrāvaka-pratyekabuddha- yānika Gv 141.5; Laṅk 171.18; mahāyānika-pratyeka- buddhayānika-śrāvakayānikeṣu SP 132.1; śrāvaka-yānīya Śikṣ 7.8; KP 13.2; pratyekabuddhayānīya KP 13.3; mahāyānika Śikṣ 13.8; 43.2; bodhisattvayānīya SP 312.12; RP 34.1; °yānika LV 5.21; 439.2; Śikṣ 92.5.yānika Śikṣ 13.8; 43.2; bodhisattvayānīya SP 312.12; RP 34.1; °yānika LV 5.21; 439.2; Śikṣ 92.5.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yātaka (?), yātuka, yāttaka (12454) + ((yAtaka, yAtaka (?), yAtuka, yAttaka)yātaka (?), yātuka, yāttaka¦, f. °ikā, and acc. to mss. yāntaka (q.v.), = yattaka, q.v.; cf. the like equiva- lents of tattaka; yāttika, f. pl., correl. with tāttaka, Samādh 19.16 (vs); read yāttika gaṅgavālikā Samādh p. 24 line 19 (vs; text yānti kagaṅga°); yātuka Śikṣ 328.11, 12; 339.10, 346.16 (vss); in Gv 487.17 (vs) yātakā (pl.)… tātuko (sg.), but 18 (vs) yātukā…tātukā (both pl.); but 2d ed. yātukā in 17; I have noted no other case of yātaka, but tātaka is recorded at least in the Kashgar rec. of SP.tukā in 17; I have noted no other case of yātaka, but tātaka is recorded at least in the Kashgar rec. of SP.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yāvad-eva (12485) + ((yAvadeva, yAvad-eva) yā … (yAvadeva, yAvad-eva) yāvad-eva¦, adv. (= Pali id., PTSD s.v. yāva), merely, just simply: LV 58.10 (the king gave all sorts of gifts) yāvad eva bodhisattvasya pūjākarmaṇe, just simply to do honor to the Bodhisattva; in Śikṣ repeatedly after anyatra (1, q.v.) following a negative expression: 127.18 na raktaḥ paribhuṅkte…anyatra yāvad eva kāyasya sthitaye, he does not eat greedily…on the con- trary, merely to keep the body alive (cf. Pali yāvad-eva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā MN i.10.10 etc.); 252.9 anyatra yāvad eva sa puruṣo…syāt, on the contrary, this man would simply be…; 254.6, 19.itiyā MN i.10.10 etc.); 252.9 anyatra yāvad eva sa puruṣo…syāt, on the contrary, this man would simply be…; 254.6, 19.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yāvat, yāva, (1) (12479) + ((yAvat, yAvat, yAva) yāv … (yAvat, yAvat, yAva) yāvat, yāva, (1)¦ (= Pali yāva, Vin. ii.196.5 yāva pāpo ayaṃ Devadatto; see also Childers s.v.), how (ex- clamatory)…! Skt. would use an interrog., not rel.; the origin of the idiom may be seen in such a sentence as: āścaryam adbhutam idaṃ paśyatha yāvat mahard- dhikaḥ śāstā Mv i.206.11 = ii.10.5 (vs), see this wonder and marvel, the extent to which the Teacher is…!; aho yāva kalyāṇā…dhārmikā ca Mv i.350.7; so also i.301.16; 303.8 (acc. to Senart; I am not certain of this); 365.7; ii.10.7; iii.412.10; see yādṛśa, once used similarly; (2) as far as, indicating omission of part of a quoted or repeated passage, which is to be supplied (this usage seems not recorded): yāva Mv i.52.9; ii.428.14 (v.l. yāvad); yāvad Mv i.339.7, 12; Śikṣ 6.1 etc., very common here. Differs from peyālaṃ and equivalents in that yāva(t) is always followed by the concluding word(s) of the passage, while peyālaṃ need not be; (3) yāvac ca…yāvac ca (spatially) from…to (this usage not noted elsewhere); the nouns are in acc., nom., rarely abl.; after the second, the phrase may (but need not) be concluded by atrāntare, in the space between (Mv ii.150.2; MSV ii.74.15; Divy 574.28), atrāntarā (Av i.107.10--11), antarāt (q.v., Divy 386.9--10), tasminn antare (LV 273.9--10), etad antaram (Divy 250.7); the ca after the first yāvat is rarely omitted (so in the first ex.): yāvad rājakulaṃ yāvac ca udyānabhūmiṃ atrāntare Mv ii.150.2; so, yāva(c) ca…yāva(c) ca, withs accs., ii.150.7; 151.19; 153.14; 156.6; yāvac ca Mathurāṃ yāvac ca Pāṭaliputram Divy 386.9--10; veṇuvanaṃ… rājagṛham Av i.107.10--11; with noms., MSV ii.74.15; yāva(c) ca bodhi (or bodhir) yāva(c) ca Vārāṇasī (v.l. °sīṃ, once °sīyo), from the bodhi-tree to Benares, Mv iii. 323.10, 14; 324.3; vihāro…nagaram Divy 250.7; gṛhaṃ …nadī, from the house to the river, Divy 574.28; with abl., yāvac ca nadyā Nairañjanāyā yāvac ca bodhimaṇ- ḍādes (vv.ll. °maṇḍād, °maṇḍas) LV 273.9, from the river N. to the bodhi-tree. See also yāvatā, yāvad etto (s.v. etto), yāvad eva.t;, Divy 574.28; with abl., yāvac ca nadyā Nairañjanāyā yāvac ca bodhimaṇ- ḍādes (vv.ll. °maṇḍād, °maṇḍas) LV 273.9, from the river N. to the bodhi-tree. See also yāvatā, yāvad etto (s.v. etto), yāvad eva.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/Yaśas (12433) + ((yaSas, yaSas) Yaśas< … (yaSas, yaSas) Yaśas¦, also (even in prose of Divy and Sukh) Yaśa, (1) n. of a Buddhist elder (sthavira): MSV i.188.8 ff.; in the time of Aśoka, but possibly meant as identical with Pali 1 Yasa Thera of DPPN (see Yaśoda, Yaśodeva), disciple of the Buddha (see Piṇḍola Bharadvāja, whom Yaśa introduces to Aśoka), sthavira-Yaśasam Divy 381.12, °śasā 16; Yaśo (n. sg.) 385.2; 399.26; 404.11; 406.21; 423.11; is this personage, or Pali Yasa (2) of DPPN, meant by the (Sthavira-)Yaśas of MSV i.196.6 ff.?; (2) n. [Page445-b+ 71] of a minister of Aśoka: Yaśo (v.l. Yaśā) nāma Divy 382.6; Yaśāmātya, the minister Y., 382.11, 16; (3) n. of a Tathā- gata: Yaśasā Śikṣ 9.2; (4) n. of a Tathāgata in the nadir: Yaśo (n. sg.) nāma Sukh 98.7 (prose); (5) n. of two Bodhi- sattvas in the same list: Yaśaso, °saḥ (gen.) Gv 441.26; 442.21.a Tathāgata in the nadir: Yaśo (n. sg.) nāma Sukh 98.7 (prose); (5) n. of two Bodhi- sattvas in the same list: Yaśaso, °saḥ (gen.) Gv 441.26; 442.21.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yathāpi, (1) (12381) + ((yaTApi, yaTApi) yathāpi … (yaTApi, yaTApi) yathāpi, (1)¦ (in this sense unparalleled so far as I know) alone, or esp. followed by idam (yathāpīdam), also by tat, and rarely by nāma, because of course, because obviously, in giving a (more or less evident) reason for what has just been said: tat kasya hetoh? yathāpīdam bāla- bhāvatvāt SP 73.11, and why? because, you see, of the fact that they were (foolish) children; in same context, yathāpi bālā(ḥ) SP 86.6 (vs); yathāpi…(without idaṃ or the like) 90.4 (vs); yathāpi (so Kashgar rec.; Nep. tathāpi; WT em. tathā hi, perh. supported by Tib. ḥdi ltar) buddhena adhiṣṭhitatvāt 238.2 (vs), since, of course, they are inspired by the Buddha; yathāpīdaṃ, in this same mg., SP 38.14; 110.10; 210.2; (tat kasya) hetoḥ? yathāpīdaṃ sukhasthānasthitatvāt 283.2; yathāpīdaṃ rūkṣapradhā- naṃ prahitātmanaḥ LV 255.3, of course because (there was) harsh exertion; similarly, yathāpīdaṃ adṛṣṭapūrvaṃ dṛśyate Mv iii.210.18, of course because a previously unseen thing was seen; yathāpīdaṃ anuttare upadhisaṃkṣaye samyaksuvimuktacitto Mv iii.282.6, because, of course, he had his mind…; repeated 12; 283.2; and, only in 283.8, otherwise same phrase and situation, sayyathāpīdaṃ, which is an otherwise unknown use of the form sayyathāpi, see under 2 below; in the same mg., more rarely, with nāma for idam: tat kasya hetoḥ? yathāpi nāma vayaṃ tathāgatasya bhūtāḥ putrā(ḥ) SP 110.4; yathāpi nāma… [Page443-a+ 71] Śikṣ 40.12; also with tat for idaṃ (or nāma): yathāpi tac cittavaśavartitvād LV 244.22, of course because he was in control of his thoughts; yathāpi tat (mss.; ed. wrongly em. tataḥ) sphuṭo Māreṇa pāpīyasā (referring back to same words in lines 21--22) Divy 201.23, of course (you see) because…; yathāpi tad 230.16; MSV i.51.21; also read in LV 256.6, with v.l. incl. best ms. A, (śubhavar- ṇatanutā) sāpy antaradhād, yathāpi (Lefm. tad yathāpi, but this tad should surely not be in the text) tad rūkṣapra- dhāna-prahitātmakatvāt (cf. above, LV 255.3); (2) tad yathāpi nāma, and (only Mv) sayyathāpi nāma (very rarely the word nāma is omitted, Mv ii.124.12, in a clause of comparison ending bhavati); mss. of Mv also tayyathā°, sadyathā°; saṃyadhāpi nāma (! cf. saṃyathīdaṃ) balavān puruṣaḥ…bāhuṃ prasārayet Mmk 3.25 (= Pali seyyathāpi, with or without nāma, very rarely sayathāpi, Therag. 412; = Skt. tad yathā, also in Pali as taṃ yathā; note Mv i.55.13 and 56.8 tad yathā, repeating 54.13 tad yathāpi nāma, balavān puruṣaḥ…, same clause as in Mmk 3.25 above, a cliché in which Mv elsewhere has sayyathāpi nāma), just as (followed by nominal phrase or verbal clause), or just as if (followed by hypothetical clause, or series of clauses, or, esp. in SP, by an entire long parable, which may fill most of a chapter): sayyathāpi (so Senart but mss. tayyathā° or tad yathā°) nāma kalam- bukā (just like k's), evaṃ varṇapratibhāsāpi abhū Mv i.341.5; in 7 below Senart with mss. tad yathāpi nāma kṣudraṃ madhum anelakaṃ (or °ḍakaṃ, mss.), evam- āsvādā; tad yathāpi nāma…etāni buddhakṣetrāṇi saṃdṛśyante SP 20.10, just as these b° appear; tad yathāpi nāma…udumbarapuṣpaṃ kadācit karhicit saṃdṛśyate, evaṃ…SP 39.8, just as an ud° fruit rarely appears, so…; introducing rather long parables, SP 101.11; 121.11, etc.; the range of usage is sufficiently indicated by these quota- tions; tad yathāpi nāma very often, e.g. LV 246.17; 247.17; 251.9, 17; Mv i.194.13; 341.7; iii.229.3; 425.15, 21 (and in mss. as v.l. for sayyathā°, below); both in one sentence, (imasmiṃ ca pṛthivīyaṃ unmajjana-nimajjanaṃ karoti) sayyathāpi nāma udake pi abhidyamāno (mss. °nā) gacchati, tad yathāpi nāma pṛthivīyaṃ Mv iii.410.2, (he plunges up and down in this earth,) just as if he were going in water unbroken, just as if on land (awkwardly expressed, but the mg. is certain in my opinion); tad yathāpi nāma, also Sukh 19.16 et al.; Śikṣ 21.17 et al.; Gv 20.1 et al.; Dbh 7.23; RP 40.1; in RP 40.20 and 42.1 read tad (for text syād) yathāpi nāma; sayyathāpi nāma, only Mv, often with vv.ll. tad ya° (not here recorded) and others, i.339.8 (twice); 340.12, 13, 15; 345.12; ii.121.7; 124.5; 125.3, 12, 13, 16, etc.; ii.270.3 ff. (repeatedly, with v.l. sadyathā°); 282.10; 313.16, 17; 412.8; iii.103.14, 17, 20; 108.7; 180.16; 181.7; 226.18; 282.8, 14; 283.5; 318.5; 325.16; 329.5, 13 (the last four corresp. to LV 400.3; 405.10; 408.8; 409.19, all reading tad yathā°); 379.16; (3) sayyathāpi, very rarely (like Pali seyyathāpi, see Childers 468, column 2, lines 10, 13, etc.) = sayyathīdaṃ, q.v., namely, to wit, viz.: (evaṃrūpehi) śabdehi, sayyathāpi (no v.l.) hastiśabdehi rathaśabdehi (etc.) Mv i.196.12..l. sadyathā°); 282.10; 313.16, 17; 412.8; iii.103.14, 17, 20; 108.7; 180.16; 181.7; 226.18; 282.8, 14; 283.5; 318.5; 325.16; 329.5, 13 (the last four corresp. to LV 400.3; 405.10; 408.8; 409.19, all reading tad yathā°); 379.16; (3) sayyathāpi, very rarely (like Pali seyyathāpi, see Childers 468, column 2, lines 10, 13, etc.) = sayyathīdaṃ, q.v., namely, to wit, viz.: (evaṃrūpehi) śabdehi, sayyathāpi (no v.l.) hastiśabdehi rathaśabdehi (etc.) Mv i.196.12.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yathāvādi-tathākāri(n) (12384) + ((yaTAvAditaTAkAri, yaTAvAdi-taTAkAri(n)< … (yaTAvAditaTAkAri, yaTAvAdi-taTAkAri(n) yathāvādi-tathākāri(n)¦, adj. and °ri-tā, °tva, subst. (also as two separate adj., yathāvādī tathākārī Mvy 2408; so clearly in Pali, the two separated by other words, DN ii.224.3; Itiv. 122.2 ff.; in Sn 357 yathāvādī (v.l. °di-) tathākārī, possibly as single cpd.), acting as one speaks, according to one's word: °kāry-avitatha-vāk-karma-samudā- hārakasya LV 8.7; yathāvādī-(! prob. read °di-)-tathākāri- cittaṃ Gv 367.13 (prose); abstract nouns in -tā, -tva, yathāvādi-tathākāri-tāṃ (acc.) LV 440.3; RP 8.11; °ri-tayā (instr.) RP 10.7; Dbh 14.1; °ri-tvena Śikṣ 22.16; yathā- vāditā-tathākāritā (read as one word) ŚsP 1460.11; in Mv occur, in the mss., forms ending in °taṃ for both members (kept by Senart for the second member, while he em. the first to °ta-), also with reversed order of the two parts (as in Pali ll.cc. above): yathākāritaṃ tathāvāditam anuprāpnuvanti (one ms. adds, yathāvāditaṃ tathākāri- taṃ anuprāp°, so surely read) Mv ii.260.13--14; in 261.15 both mss. invert the order, yathāvāditaṃ tathāk° anu°, yathāk° tathāv° anu°. If the ending °taṃ is textually sound, it can only represent °tām with MIndic shortening of the vowel; perh. it should be em. to °tāṃ or °tvaṃ.nly represent °tām with MIndic shortening of the vowel; perh. it should be em. to °tāṃ or °tvaṃ.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yogācāra (12508) + ((yogAcAra, yogAcAra) yog … (yogAcAra, yogAcAra) yogācāra¦, m., (1) (AMg. jogāyāra; rare in Skt., not in Pali, where yogāvacara seems to correspond), practice of spiritual discipline: Mvy 1638; Śikṣ 55.17 (°cāra-bhūmy- anukūlāni khādanīya-bhojanīyāni); (2) as Bhvr., = °cārin, one who is characterized by yogācāra (1): °cāro (or read °cārī?) bhikṣur KP 108.4; (3) n. of a samādhi: Kv 83.10; (4) pl., adherents of the Buddhist school of this name; social relations with them cause or constitute backsliding for Bodhisattvas: Mv i.120.9. Cf. foll. items.l., adherents of the Buddhist school of this name; social relations with them cause or constitute backsliding for Bodhisattvas: Mv i.120.9. Cf. foll. items.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/Yogācārabhūmi (12509) + ((yogAcAraBUmi, yogAcAraBUmi) Yogācārabhūmi¦ (see yogācāra 1), n. of the work of which Bbh is a part: Wogihara, Preface to Bbh, page i.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yogācārin (12510) + ((yogAcArin, yogAcArin) yogācārin¦, (a monk) who engages in yogācāra (1): Śikṣ 55.13 ff.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/yojanika (12515) + ((yojanika, yojanika) yoj … (yojanika, yojanika) yojanika¦, adj. (= Pali id.; in Skt. recorded only in comp. with prec. numeral, so also here, e.g. Śikṣ 247.14 dvi-yoj° etc.), measuring a yojana: °kāni (khaṇḍāni) Mv i.42.2 = 230.9 = 240.18 (prose; in the last mss. °naka); °kam (parikṣayaṃ, of water) Śikṣ 247.13.prose; in the last mss. °naka); °kam (parikṣayaṃ, of water) Śikṣ 247.13.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/Yugaṃdhara (12496) + ((yugaMDara, yugaMDara) Y … (yugaMDara, yugaMDara) Yugaṃdhara¦ (once °dhāraḥ?), (1) n. of an ancient king (identical with Skt. id.?): Mv ii.146.19; (2) n. of one of (usually 7 or with Sumeru 8) major mountains or mountain-ranges (cf. Skt. id., n. of a mountain; also Pali, and see Kirfel, Kosm. 186): Mv ii.300.18 (seven); Mvy 4145 (°dhāraḥ, but Mironov °dharaḥ, no v.l.); Dhar- mas 125 (eight); Divy 217.14, 16; Dbh 96.4; pl. Śikṣ 246.4.but Mironov °dharaḥ, no v.l.); Dhar- mas 125 (eight); Divy 217.14, 16; Dbh 96.4; pl. Śikṣ 246.4.)

Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/Adhyāśayasaṃcodana-sūtra (503) + ((aDyASayasaMcodanasUtra, aDyASayasaMcodana-sUtra) Adhyāśayasaṃcodana-sūtra¦, n. of a work: Śikṣ 15.13; 97.19; 104.9; 351.1.)

Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ābhāsa (2803) + ((ABAsa, ABAsa) ābhāsa< … (ABAsa, ABAsa) ābhāsa¦, m. (in Pali only in the Skt. meaning of light, radiance; so also in BHS, e.g. Mv i.83.5), appearance and hence range, scope, of sense organs: Mv iii.66.4 ff., where each of the external (bāhirāṇi) āyatanāni (i.e. the objects of sense) comes into the range of the corresponding internal (ādhyātmikāni) āyatanāni (i.e. the sense organs or powers), e.g. rūpo ca bāhiraṃ āyatanaṃ cakṣuṣaḥ ābhāsam āgataṃ bhavati.In a similar Pali passage, MN i.190.21 ff., āpātha takes the place of our ābhāsa. Similarly Mv i.6.3 manuṣ- yāṇāṃ śrotābhāsam āgacchati, comes within the range of men's hearing; Śikṣ 128.13 cakṣuṣa ābhāsam āgacchanti; [Page099-a+ 71] 129.3 santy anābhāsagatāḥ (see anābhāsa) sattvā ye mama cakṣuṣa ābhāsaṃ nāgacchanti; 151.10 śrotendriya- syābhāsam āgacchanti; Sukh 55.2 cakṣuṣa ābhāsam āgacchati.In same mg. avabhāsa, q.v. 2.ttvā ye mama cakṣuṣa ābhāsaṃ nāgacchanti; 151.10 śrotendriya- syābhāsam āgacchanti; Sukh 55.2 cakṣuṣa ābhāsam āgacchati.In same mg. avabhāsa, q.v. 2.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ābhimānika (2809) + ((ABimAnika, ABimAnika) ā … (ABimAnika, ABimAnika) ābhimānika¦, adj. (= abhi° 1; once in Skt. in different mg., pw 7.318), proud: SP 38.12 and 39.4 (prose; both times v.l. ādhi° or adhi°); 43.13 (prose, no v.l.); Śikṣ 126.8 (prose) °ka-vyākaraṇa-vacanā; KP 1.6 (prose) °kaś ca bhavaty ātmotkarṣī. Śikṣ 126.8 (prose) °ka-vyākaraṇa-vacanā; KP 1.6 (prose) °kaś ca bhavaty ātmotkarṣī.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ābhoga (2816) + ((ABoga, ABoga) ābhoga< … (ABoga, ABoga) ābhoga¦, m. (derived by Leumann, Das nordarische Lehrgedicht des Buddhismus, AKM 20.1, p. 68, from bhuj bend, as Anbiegung = Anlehnung; an-ā°, ohne Anlehnung d.h. ohne Rückhalt oder Stützpunkt. Some Pali interpreters also derive from this root, see PTSD. Whatever the ety- mology, the primary mg. in BHS is clearly effort; so some Skt. lexx., = yatna. This also fits at least many Pali occurrences of ābhoga, but in Pali the word needs more study; dict. definitions are all unsatisfactory; it is often bracketed or equated with manasikāra, esp. with cetaso or cittassa, DN comm. i.122.6--7, perhaps as (mental) effort, e.g. Miln. 97.10), effort, earnest application (directed towards, loc.): Mvy 2092 = Tib. sgrim pa, ḥjug pa, bzo (gzo) ba, endeavor; setting about; work; śīle ābhogaṃ kṛtvāna, having made effort for (in regard to) morality Mv ii.358.7; 360.9; ekāntaśukleṣv eva karmasv ābhogaḥ kara- ṇīyaḥ, one must strive for… Divy 23.30--24.1; 55.12; 193.15; 289.23; sarvābhogavigato 'nābhogadharmatāprāptaḥ kāya- vākcittautsukyāpagataḥ Dbh 64.15--16, rid of all (inter- ested) effort, arrived at a state of effortless (impassive, see anābhoga) condition, free of bodily, vocal, mental desires (said of the Bodhisattva); in Dharmas 118, list of six ‘hindrances’ (āvaraṇa) to samādhi: kausīdya, māna, śāṭhya, auddhatya, anābhoga, satyābhoga; here anābhoga lack of effort has a bad sense, not a good one as in Dbh 64.16; satyābhoga is obscure (saty-ābhoga, effort directed towards something concretely existing as distinguished from abstract goals? if satya-ābhoga, as cpd., I do not understand what it could mean as a hindrance to samādhi). See anā- bhoga, sābhoga, both clearly supporting mg. effort.fort directed towards something concretely existing as distinguished from abstract goals? if satya-ābhoga, as cpd., I do not understand what it could mean as a hindrance to samādhi). See anā- bhoga, sābhoga, both clearly supporting mg. effort.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āchindana(-tā) (2596) + ((ACindana, ACindana(-tA) āchindana(-tā)¦, (cf. Pali acchindana), breaking, violation, in an-ā°, non-violation: Śikṣ 126.15 guruvaca- nānavamardanatayā paravacanānāchindanatayā cādeya- grāhyavacano bhavati.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādhāvana (2709) + ((ADAvana, ADAvana) ādhāv … (ADAvana, ADAvana) ādhāvana¦ (nt.; Pali id.), in comp. with following paridhāvana, running around, to and fro, this way and that: Śikṣ 268.(12--)13 lābhahetor lābhanidānam ādhāvana- paridhāvanaṃ dauḥśīlyasamudācaraṇaṃ ca. (In Pali the verbs ādhāvati and paridhāvati are frequently used to- gether in this sense.)ṃ ca. (In Pali the verbs ādhāvati and paridhāvati are frequently used to- gether in this sense.))
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādhipateya (2711) + ((ADipateya, ADipateya) ā … (ADipateya, ADipateya) ādhipateya¦, nt. (anomalously m. Mvy 7192 °yaḥ = Tib. bdaṅ du ḥgyur ba (or bya ba), so also Mironov; = Pali ādhipateyya, see below; from adhipati, roughly = Skt. ādhipatya, which is used in AbhidhK., see Index, in ways not closely parallel to the Pali usage), control, influence, mastery, prime motivation (lit. overlordship). In Pali esp. used of one of three influences leading to virtue, attādhi° (q.v. CPD), lokādhi°, dhammādhi°, see Childers s.v. ādhipateyya and Vism. i.14.1 ff. (the influence of oneself, i.e. conscience or self-respect; the influence of the world or public opinion; the influence of dhamma or regard for moral principles as authoritatively laid down). In BHS little evidence is found for the existence of these, tho Speyer (Transl. 114) renders Jm 80.14 (hrīvarṇa- pratisaṃyukteṣu) lokādhipateyeṣu ca (sc. upaneyam) by …the regard of public opinion, perhaps rightly. On the other hand, lokādhipateya-prāpta LV 425.5 can only mean arrived at the overlordship of the world; it is one of a long list of epithets of the Buddha as the one that has ‘turned the wheel of the Law’; it is preceded by lokagurur …lokārthakara…lokānuvartaka…lokavid ity ucyate, and it would be absurd to interpret it as under the control of public opinion. (See also LV 179.20--21 s.v. ādhipate- yatā.) Mv i.16.12 = 18.5, 15 = 19.5 = 20.10 (evaṃ khalu) punaḥ ādhipateya-mātram etaṃ tatropatteḥ, but this, of course, is only the principal cause (controlling influence) of rebirth there (viz. in one of various hells); Gv 19.8 na tad balaṃ na tad ādhipateyaṃ…(saṃvidyate), that (sort of) power or controlling influence (is not found); oftener at the end of Bhvr. cpds., Śikṣ 117.3 mahākaruṇ- ādhipateyaṃ, (any action of Bodhisattvas is…) controlled (influenced) by supreme compassion; Śikṣ 250.5 cakṣurin- driyādhipateyā rūpārambaṇaprativijñaptiḥ, recognition of the sense-object form, which (recognition) is controlled by (= dependent on) the sense of sight; Dbh 11.20 (tac cittam utpadyate bodhisattvānāṃ) mahākaruṇāpūrvamgamaṃ prajñājñānādhipateyaṃ…; Śikṣ 322.15 dharmādhipateya, of Buddhas. See next.n; Śikṣ 250.5 cakṣurin- driyādhipateyā rūpārambaṇaprativijñaptiḥ, recognition of the sense-object form, which (recognition) is controlled by (= dependent on) the sense of sight; Dbh 11.20 (tac cittam utpadyate bodhisattvānāṃ) mahākaruṇāpūrvamgamaṃ prajñājñānādhipateyaṃ…; Śikṣ 322.15 dharmādhipateya, of Buddhas. See next.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āghātayati (2582) + ((AGAtayati, AGAtayati) ā … (AGAtayati, AGAtayati) āghātayati¦ (°teti; denom. from āghāta, q.v.; = Pali āghāteti, with cittaṃ and loc.), with cittam, hardens one's heart against, cherishes hatred for, with loc.: Mv iii.56.3 mahākāśyape cittam āghātetvā; Śikṣ 188.9--10 cittaṃ nāghātayitavyam (no loc.).i>, with loc.: Mv iii.56.3 mahākāśyape cittam āghātetvā; Śikṣ 188.9--10 cittaṃ nāghātayitavyam (no loc.).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āgharate (2579) + ((AGarate, AGarate) āgharate¦ (Skt. Dhātup. only, gharati; Vedic jigharti, with ā- in different mg.), drips: Śikṣ 82.6 (vs) kakṣāsv āgharate svedo. Tib. cited as ḥdzag, drip.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āṇī-pratyāṇī-nirhāra-yoga (2633) + ((ARIpratyARInirhArayoga, ARI-pratyARI-nirh … (ARIpratyARInirhArayoga, ARI-pratyARI-nirhAra-yoga) āṇī-pratyāṇī-nirhāra-yoga¦, instr. °yogena, by homosexual procedure: Mvy 6865 = Tib. khye ḥus khye ḥu ḥbyuṅ baḥi tshul du, by way of the manner (lit. hap- pening, procedure) of boy with boy; similarly Chin. (The Index reads āṇi°.) From āṇī or (Skt.) āṇi, axle-pin, and pratyāṇī, otherwise unrecorded, that in which the axle-pin fits (both in obscene sense). For such practices and their punishments cf. Śikṣ 75.13 f.āṇī, otherwise unrecorded, that in which the axle-pin fits (both in obscene sense). For such practices and their punishments cf. Śikṣ 75.13 f.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āśvāsa-praśvāsa (3061) + ((ASvAsapraSvAsa, ASvAsa-praSvAsa) … (ASvAsapraSvAsa, ASvAsa-praSvAsa) āśvāsa-praśvāsa¦ (Pali assāsa-passāsa), m. dual or pl., breath; usually used without clear indication of dif- ference between the two terms, like ānāpāna, q.v.: LV 251.15--16 nāsikātaś cāśvāsapraśvāsāv uparuddhāv abhū- tāṃ; 252.3 °sā ūrdhvaṃ śiraḥkapālam upanighnanti sma; as separate words, 259.7 āśvāsaviprahīnaḥ praśvāsa- varjitu; Mv ii.124.10 (and ff.) mukhato nāsikāśrotrehi ca āśvāsapraśvāsā uparundhi (1 sg. aor.); Mv iii.179.19 °sehi tathāgataṃ upahanati; Śāl 78.3, 17 kāyasyāśvāsapraśvā- sakṛtyaṃ; Sādh 61.19 °sādikam; the verb uśvasati, q.v., [Page110-b+ 71] corresponds to āśvāsa in Mv ii.208.3--4 āśvāsapraśvāsā uparuddhā…no pi uśvasati na praśvasati (the two verbs repeated twice in lines 8, 9), cf. LV 189.12 ucchvasantaṃ praśvasantam, rendered by Tib. dbugs dbyuṅ zhiṅ rṅub breathing out and in, but in line 15 below praśvasantaḥ is rendered dbugs dbyuṅ, breathing out (implying that ucchvasantaṃ was understood as breathing in); ucchvāsa- praśvāso (sg.) also occurs, seemingly = āśvāsa-pra°, Śikṣ 42.5; in Sādh 146.17 ff. it is entirely certain that praśvāsa is understood as outbreathing and āśvāsa inbreath- ing, tadanu tan mithunaṃ praśvāsavāyurathārūḍhaṃ nāsikāvivareṇa niḥsṛtya…sattvānāṃ kāyavākcittāni vi- śodhya gṛhītvā ca punar āśvāsavāyum āruhya tenaiva pathā svahṛtkamalakarṇikāyāṃ praviśet; consistent with this is AMg. ussāsa (and relatives), which BHS usage would clearly have associated with āśvāsa, and which acc. to Ratnach. means breathing in; Pali tradition is indeter- minate, see Vism i.272.1 which states that Vin. comm. defines assāsa as outgoing, passāsa as incoming breath, but that in Sutta comms. (Suttantaṭṭhakathāsu) the reverse is taught (the passage is misunderstood by PTSD and Pe Maung Tin; uppaṭipāṭiyā = Pkt. upparivāḍi, inverted, transposed). Tib. regularly āśvasati = dbugs brṅubs (or cognate) breathe in Mvy 1173, 1175, etc., praśvasati = dbugs phyuṅ (or cognate) breathe out Mvy 1174, 1176, etc.; it therefore supports Sādh 146.17 ff., and incidentally the equation of āśvāsa with āna and praśvāsa with apāna (see ānāpāna). How old this interpretation is remains uncertain, esp. in view of the fact that in Pali the comms. differed; Buddhaghosa himself, in the Vism. passage cited, declines to arbitrate between the two opposing views. Whatever may have been the meaning of the two terms, it seems clear that the cpd. (like ānāpāna) was commonly used in the sense of breath, collectively and as a whole.ed; Buddhaghosa himself, in the Vism. passage cited, declines to arbitrate between the two opposing views. Whatever may have been the meaning of the two terms, it seems clear that the cpd. (like ānāpāna) was commonly used in the sense of breath, collectively and as a whole.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādīptaśiraścailopama (2692) + ((AdIptaSiraScElopama, AdIptaSiraScElopama) … (AdIptaSiraScElopama, AdIptaSiraScElopama) ādīptaśiraścailopama¦ (in Mvy °celop°), adj., and °ma-tā, subst., (state of being) like one whose head or clothes are on fire (i.e. who is in extreme danger and needs nirvāpaṇa, the putting out of the flames; applied to one leading a worldly life; in Pali ādittasīsa and ādittacela occur as separate cpds., AN iv.320.26, cf. also SN v.440.7): °maḥ Mvy 1802; Śikṣ 54.3--4 kusīdo 'haṃ bodhiś cādīpta- śiraścailopamena bahūn kalpān…samudānetavyā; 191.8--9 parākramasaṃpannatā ādīptaśiraścailopamatā jñānaparyeṣṭyā (here state of realizing, being aware, that one's head and clothes are on fire, and so in next); Gv 493.2 īdṛśyādīpta° °pamatayā (text separates īdṛśyā dīpta°) kalyāṇamitrājñānaṃ na vilomayanti.Bendall and Rouse in Śikṣ Transl. misunderstand the word.ext separates īdṛśyā dīpta°) kalyāṇamitrājñānaṃ na vilomayanti.Bendall and Rouse in Śikṣ Transl. misunderstand the word.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādeya-vacana (2697) + ((Adeyavacana, Adeya-vacana) ādeya-vacana¦, adj. Bhvr. (= Pali ādeyya-vacana, also -vāca Vin. ii.158.17; in PTSD defined as Karmadh., but actually Bhvr. in all citations traced [Jāt. vi.243 seems to be an error]); also °na-tā, abstr. state of being… (this); of welcome, acceptable, i.e. pleasing, agreeable speech: Bbh 29.(16--)17 satyavacano 'piśunāparuṣāsaṃ- bhinnapralāpābhyāsaḥ ādeyavacanatāyā hetuḥ; 31.15--17 °cano bodhisattvaḥ priyavāditayā arthacaryayā samānār- thatayā ca sattvāṃ saṃgṛhṇāti paripācayati, idam ādeyavacanatāyā…phalaṃ…; Mv i.270.6 °canā ca bhavanti kīrtanīyā ca bahujanasya (of devotees of Bud- dha); Suv 80.11; Śikṣ 351.7. Cf. next.alaṃ…; Mv i.270.6 °canā ca bhavanti kīrtanīyā ca bahujanasya (of devotees of Bud- dha); Suv 80.11; Śikṣ 351.7. Cf. next.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādi (2677) + ((Adi, Adi) ādi … (Adi, Adi) ādi¦, beginning (= Skt.): ādiṃ, acc. (= Pali ādiṃ katvā, with acc. object) and ādau, loc., with following kṛtvā, and preceding acc. (once gen.), lit. putting…first; so beginning with, starting with, from…on (the loc. ādau used precisely like the acc. ādiṃ; putting at the beginning = making the beginning; loc. only in Mv): tuṣitabhavanavāsam ādiṃ kṛtvā, beginning with (the Bodhisattva's) dwelling in the Tuṣita-heaven (= from then on) Śikṣ 292.5 = Dbh 14.21, cf. tuṣitabhavanam ādau kṛtvā sarveṣāṃ bodhi- sattvānāṃ…Mv i.147.15; āvīcim ādiṃ kṛtvā sarvanai- rayikāṇāṃ sattvānāṃ…LV 86.11, of all hell-inhabitants [Page093-b+ 71] from Āvīci on; mātuḥ kukṣim ādau kṛtvā bodhisattvānāṃ yāvat parinirvṛtā Mv i.145.2, beginning with the mother's womb, of Bodhisattvas, until they have entered complete nirvāṇa; bhartāraṃ ādau kṛtvā Mv i.147.8 (no man has any carnal desire for the destined mothers of Buddhas) from their husbands on; bodhisattvasya garbhāvakrāntim ādau kṛtvā Mv i.157.15; śākyamuniṃ samyaksaṃbuddhaṃ ādau kṛtvā ḍaśa bhūmayo deśitā Mv i.161.7, beginning from (the time of) Śākyamuni the Buddha, the Ten Stages have been taught (not before! so, I think, the parallels require us to interpret, contrary to Senart n. 506); with gen. of the dependent noun (rather than acc.), evidently construed as modifier of ādiṃ: tṛṣṇāyāḥ paunarbhavikyā ādiṃ kṛtvā Laṅk 180.10, beginning with (starting from; lit. making a beginning of) desire for rebirth. Cf. Mbh. Crit. ed. 2.52.17d saha strībhir draupadīm ādi-kṛtvā, along with the women, beginning with Draupadī (i.e. D. and the others). This seems to be unparalleled in Skt. See also s.v. ādīkaroti.>; lit. making a beginning of) desire for rebirth. Cf. Mbh. Crit. ed. 2.52.17d saha strībhir draupadīm ādi-kṛtvā, along with the women, beginning with Draupadī (i.e. D. and the others). This seems to be unparalleled in Skt. See also s.v. ādīkaroti.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādika (2678) + ((Adika, Adika) ādika¦, adj. (= Pali id., see Childers; Mahāvaṃsa 12.21 phalaṃ…ādikaṃ), first, initial: Śikṣ 356.6.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādikarmika (2679) + ((Adikarmika, Adikarmika) … (Adikarmika, Adikarmika) ādikarmika¦, adj. and subst. (= Pali ādikammika; cf. next; wrongly defined in pw 7.317 following Divy Index), beginner, (one who is) inexperienced: Mvy 387 (tathāgataḥ) sārthavāha ādikarmikāṇām; Divy 544.19--20 anāpattir ādikarmikasya, for a beginner, (the actions described are) not a sin; RP 5.1 navakair ādikarmikair acirapravrajitair (sc. bhikṣubhiḥ); Śikṣ 11.6 °ka-bodhisat- tvena (misprinted °tvane); 20.5--6 °ko mahāyāne, a be- ginner in the M.; 60.11 °kā mahāyānasaṃprasthitāḥ; Bbh 205.2 iha bodhisattvo na ādikarmika-tat-prathamakarmika- vīryeṇa samanvāgato bhavati; 205.7--8 °ka eva (while still a beginner) sa bodhisattvaḥ…; 394.24 (bodhisattvam) °kaṃ tatprathamakarmikaṃ (see this); 395.2; Gv 503.9 sarvādikarmika-bodhisattvasiṃhapotāḥ puṣyanti buddha- dharmaiḥ…; an-ādi°, not inexperienced, SP 66.7 °kāś ca te bodhisattvā bhaviṣyanti, ciracaritakuśalamūlā…attvasiṃhapotāḥ puṣyanti buddha- dharmaiḥ…; an-ādi°, not inexperienced, SP 66.7 °kāś ca te bodhisattvā bhaviṣyanti, ciracaritakuśalamūlā…)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādikarmin (2680) + ((Adikarmin, Adikarmin) ādikarmin¦, adj. and subst., = prec. (which replaces this two lines below): Śikṣ 60.9 °miṇāṃ mahāyānasaṃ- prasthitānāṃ kulaputrāṇāṃ…)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ādiyati (2687) + ((Adiyati, Adiyati) ādiya … (Adiyati, Adiyati) ādiyati¦, or ādīyati (formally looks like passive to ā-dā; = Pali ādiyati, only with short i; cf. upād°, paryād°, samād°; all these regularly used with active mg., except paryādīyante KP 5.2 [and this is uncertain; Śikṣ 148.9 cites it as parihīyante]; in Pali also active mg., except sometimes pariyādiyati, pass., PTSD; Geiger 175.1 calls these forms ‘passive with middle meaning’; I prefer the term ‘active’), takes; takes on, assumes: Mv i.346.10 (yaṃ nūnāhaṃ) adinnaṃ anyātakaṃ (q.v.) śālim ādiyeyaṃ (v.l. ādī°), opt., and (11) ādiyeya (v.l. °yaṃ, ādī°) 3 sg. pret., also (12) ādiyantaṃ (v.l. ādī°), acc. sg. pres. pple.; iii.93.16 (vs) puṣpaṃ tyajitvā phalam ādiyante (mss. °nta, to be kept as imperf.?); 217.17 (bhavān…) dhanam ādiyatu (v.l. ādī°); 218.12 (bhavān…) striyaḥ ādiyatu; 447.12 (yo imāṃ saṃskārāṃ) ādīyati (no v.l.) vā nikṣi- pati vā..l. ādī°); 218.12 (bhavān…) striyaḥ ādiyatu; 447.12 (yo imāṃ saṃskārāṃ) ādīyati (no v.l.) vā nikṣi- pati vā.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āgamya (2561) + ((Agamya, Agamya) āgamya& … (Agamya, Agamya) āgamya¦ (orig. ger. of ā-gam; = Pali āgamma, in both mgs.), with acc., with reference to, patnīm ā° Divy 269.16; (much more commonly) owing to, because of, on account of, thanks to, (kalyāṇamitrāṇy) ā° Mv i.243.13; kalyāṇamitram Av i.210.11; 211.14; Mālinīm Mv i.313.5; Bhagavantam Divy 95.10; 97.18; 309.29; -bodhisattvam Śikṣ 91.6; Devadattam SP 259.3, 6; tau śrāmaṇerāv Divy 404.25; tat sarvam imaṃ markaṭam āgamya Divy 350.17 all that is owing to this ape (so mss., ed. wrongly em. āgamyāt); yam Divy 173.16; 175.25; -svāgatam Divy 188.6; tam Divy 514.23; tvām Divy 129.25; 549.21; tava (as acc.!) Mv i.365.12; yuṣmākam (acc.) Divy 405.10; mamāgamya owing to me (mama, acc.) Av ii.96.8 (ms.); i.321.13 (ms.); in Av i.239.6 ms. haplog. māgamya, prob. intending mamāg° (Speyer em. mām āg°, which is of course possible); bhikṣākavṛttam ā° Bbh 194.17; tāṃ [Page088-b+ 71] protsāhanām āg° SP 350.3 owing to this instigation; MSV iii.22.14 (prose) corrupt, read perh., kiṃ mamāgamya? na tvayā-(as acc.)-m-āgamya, for my sake? not for your sake; ib. 24.5, read tvām (text tvam) āgamya, owing to you.as acc.)-m-āgamya, for my sake? not for your sake; ib. 24.5, read tvām (text tvam) āgamya, owing to you.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āgṛhīta (2569) + ((AgfhIta, AgfhIta) āgṛhī … (AgfhIta, AgfhIta) āgṛhīta¦ (= Pali aggahīta; cf. an-āg° and āgraha), held back = niggardly; āgṛhītena cetasā (cf. Pali anagga- hīta-citta) Divy 291.3; 298.11; Av i.173.12; 174.7; nāgṛhī- tacittatayāvasṛjan Śikṣ 28.7, releasing (gifts) without niggardliness of heart; āgṛhīta-pariṣkāra, having utensils held back, stingy with objects, Divy 302.3; Av i.250.16; and repeatedly in a cliché with matsarin and kuṭukuñcaka, see the latter for references.ack, stingy with objects, Divy 302.3; Av i.250.16; and repeatedly in a cliché with matsarin and kuṭukuñcaka, see the latter for references.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/āhrīkya (3113) + ((AhrIkya, AhrIkya) āhrīkya¦, nt. (cf. Pali ahirika, °īka, adj., and some- times nt. noun), immodesty, shamelessness; associated with anapatrāpya; Mvy 1971 °yam; stem °ya- Śikṣ 105.8; Bbh 14.25; 223.10, 11.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ājīvika, (1) (2606) + ((AjIvika, AjIvika) ājīvi … (AjIvika, AjIvika) ājīvika, (1)¦ m. (= Pali id.) = prec.: MSV ii.83.19; LV 380.12 (v.l. °aka); Divy 393.20; 427.7, 8 (here identified with nirgrantha, 9); ajīvika, with a- m.c., Śikṣ 332.1 (vs); (2) nt. (= Pali id., Skt. ājīva), (means of) livelihood, profession: °bhayam (= Pali id.), danger due to profession or means of livelihood, Dharmas 71; (3) °ikā, f. (= Pali id.) = (2): °bhaya- (as under prec.), Gv 264.9; Śikṣ 296.5; Dbh.g. 2(338).10 °kā-maraṇa-'kīrty (dvandva; -bhaya is understood from prec. line with all three items).ec.), Gv 264.9; Śikṣ 296.5; Dbh.g. 2(338).10 °kā-maraṇa-'kīrty (dvandva; -bhaya is understood from prec. line with all three items).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ājanya (2598) + ((Ajanya, Ajanya) ājanya& … (Ajanya, Ajanya) ājanya¦, also ājaniya, ājānya, ājāniya, ājāneya, adj. (= Pali ājañña, ājāniya, ājānīya, ājāneyya), of noble race, blooded, primarily of animals, esp. horses; by extension used of men, esp. Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, and very rarely (meaning noble) of other, inanimate entities. Tib. (e.g. Mvy 1080, 4769, etc.) regularly renders caṅ śes (pa), omniscient, falsely interpreting the word as derived from jñā know. In composition, the word in all its forms regu- larly (not always) follows the noun, e.g. aśvājāneya, a blooded horse (orig. perhaps a thoroughbred of a horse?), below. As separate word: of animals, yo aśvavaraṃ damayed ājāneyan (= °yaṃ) va saindhavaṃ Ud xix.7; ājāneyā hayottamāḥ Mv ii.487.20; iii.22.11; cf. yuktāni ājānyarathāni Mv iii.441.10 chariots of (drawn by) blooded (horses), all hitched up; ājāneyau dvau balīvardhāv LV 381.7; ājăniyo hastipoto Mv iii.130.7 (prose, no v.l.); of men, ājāneyānāṃ sattvānāṃ Gv 322.8; °neyaḥ Mvy 1080, of śrāvakas; °neya ity ucyate LV 425.19, of the Tathāgata; ājāneyo kahin ti nāma (so Senart em., mss. kāma) bhoti Mv iii.397.14, answered by…ājāneyo (v.l. °ya) tam (Senart em. ti tam) āhu bhūriprajñā (mss. °jño) 398.12; voc. ājanya, addressed to Buddha, namas te muktā- yājanya Mmk 4.22; cf. Divy 617.16 ājāneya-mānā, paying reverence to the Noble One (the Buddha); in KP 9.5 and 10.5 dāntājāneya-prāpta; 9.14; 10.17 and 20 ājanya- prāpta, all of Bodhisattvas (cf. 10.1 ājāneyā bodhisattvāḥ), become noble (steeds), see s.v. prāpta; the figure of a horse is surely intended here, since there is contrast with KP 9.1 bodhisattva-khaḍuṅkāḥ, the latter (q.v.) being a term pertaining in its literal sense to horses; here may also belong Mv ii.264.14 ājāneya-vikrāntaṃ vikramantam, said of the Bodhisattva, striding with the stride of a blooded horse, or of a noble person (cf. the next following mahāpuru- ṣavikrāntaṃ vikr°), but possibly striding with a noble stride (cf. the preceding aparājitavikrāntaṃ vikr°), as in the next example; as prior member of karmadhāraya cpds. or bahuvrīhis based on them, occasionally noble, distinguished, in application to other than animate beings: catasra imā…ājāneya-gatayo bodhisattvenānugantavyāḥ RP 14.13, noble procedures (listed as sugatipratilābha, guruśuśrūṣaṇā, prāntaśayyāsanābhirati, pratibhānapra- tilābha; is the literal meaning gaits of a blooded horse?); ājāneya-svaraḥ Mv iii.343.5 could, then, also be taken as having a noble sound (ep. of the Buddha's voice), but in view of the preceding vṛṣabhasvaraḥ and the following krauñcasvaraḥ it probably means having the sound of a blooded (horse) and belongs above; once, at least, this adj. precedes in composition the name of the animal to which it is applied, ājāneya-hasty-upetān Śikṣ 26.14; but regularly this order is reversed (as in such cpds. as nara-śārdūla) and we find aśvājāneya, m. (lit. thoroughbred of a horse) Mvy 4773 (misunderstood pw s.v. ājāneya); Divy 510.21, 22; 511.1 ff.; Mv ii.270.11 (mss.); Gv 400.13; Śikṣ 28.3 (ms. aśvāyāneyān); bhadrāśvājāneya- Sukh 60.8--9; hastyājāneya Mvy 4771; Gv 400.12; Śikṣ 27.21; siṃhājāneya Mvy 4769; and (cf. above, and Pali puri- sājāneyya) by extension puruṣājāneya (the corruptions puruṣăjāneya and °ṣajāna occur in mss. and sometimes in edd.) LV 350.11, corresponds to Mv i.229.8; Mv ii.133.8; 284.18; in Mv i.316.4 ed. em. puruṣājāniyam, mss. cor- [Page090-b+ 71] rupt, reading doubtful; puruṣājanya Mv iii.109.5 (vs); Bbh 50.6 (voc., to the Buddha).tyājāneya Mvy 4771; Gv 400.12; Śikṣ 27.21; siṃhājāneya Mvy 4769; and (cf. above, and Pali puri- sājāneyya) by extension puruṣājāneya (the corruptions puruṣăjāneya and °ṣajāna occur in mss. and sometimes in edd.) LV 350.11, corresponds to Mv i.229.8; Mv ii.133.8; 284.18; in Mv i.316.4 ed. em. puruṣājāniyam, mss. cor- [Page090-b+ 71] rupt, reading doubtful; puruṣājanya Mv iii.109.5 (vs); Bbh 50.6 (voc., to the Buddha).)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ākālika (2517) + ((AkAlika, AkAlika) ākāli … (AkAlika, AkAlika) ākālika¦, adj. (= BHS and Pali akālika; Skt. only adv. akālikam; so in Mbh.Cr. ed. 1.99.42 °kam for Calc. Bomb. °kaḥ), immediate, not dependent on any lapse of time, ep. of dharma: Mvy 1294; Śikṣ 323.6. In a like con- text ak° occurs. [Page087-a+ 71], ep. of dharma: Mvy 1294; Śikṣ 323.6. In a like con- text ak° occurs. [Page087-a+ 71])
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ākoṭayati (2543) + ((Akowayati, Akowayati) ā … (Akowayati, Akowayati) ākoṭayati¦ (= Pali ākoṭeti; cf. koṭayati), beats: a drum, LV 299.10 (ke cāgatā grahiya bheri yathaiva merur, so read) ākoṭyamānu (pres. pass. pple., n. sg. m., with merur) gagaṇe sumanojñaghoṣāṃ,…taking a drum, as if Mt. Meru (were) being beaten, (a drum) producing very pleasing sounds in the sky; Suv 22.2; a gong, gaṇḍir (gaṇḍy) ākoṭitā Divy 335.13; 336.11; 337.9; ākoṭyatāṃ gaṇḍī Av i.258.9, and similarly ii.87.2; Kv 13.8 (read dharmagaṇḍi- kām ākoṭayanti); 36.17 dharmagaṇḍī-m-ākoṭyamānā śrutā; hits, knocks on, a stick, Av i.18.8 yaṣṭim ākoṭaya; a door, Divy 117.26 dvāraṃ trir ākoṭayati (knocks; Index wrongly breaks); MSV ii.80.9 kapālam ākoṭya (cf. kapāla-koṭanī); beats (clothes, in washing, cf. Pali ākoṭita-paccākoṭita, of robes, misinterpreted PTSD), Prāt 491.8 (purāṇacī- varaṃ…) ākoṭayed (text ākoṭh°); suraktākoṭitaṃ (…paṭaṃ) Laṅk 363.9; Mvy 9260 ākoṭayet would beat (clothes, in washing; follows rañjayet would dye); beats or presses (earth) down hard (cf. Pali Jāt. i.264.20), Mmk 37.21 (pṛthivīpradeśaṃ…) pūrayitvā ca sv-ākoṭitaṃ samatalaṃ…kārayet; caulks (a ship), AsP 288.10 nāvam anākoṭitām aparikarmakṛtāṃ cirabandhanabaddhām, of an unseaworthy ship, that was not caulked or repaired, tied to its moorings a long time; 289.7 (nāvaṃ subaddhāṃ bandhayītvā) sv-ākoṭitām ākoṭayitvā, having caulked it so as to be well caulked; in Śikṣ 66.5 figuratively, of erring Bodhisattvas, te tatrākoṭitāḥ svanāmagrahaṇadarśanād bhayotpādanārthaṃ, they are then disciplined (perhaps originally physically beaten? then, punished; Bendall and Rouse, struck at) by seeing their names mentioned (publicly, in accusation), in order to make (them) afraid.g Bodhisattvas, te tatrākoṭitāḥ svanāmagrahaṇadarśanād bhayotpādanārthaṃ, they are then disciplined (perhaps originally physically beaten? then, punished; Bendall and Rouse, struck at) by seeing their names mentioned (publicly, in accusation), in order to make (them) afraid.)
Dictionaries/Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary/ālopa (2990) + ((Alopa, Alopa) ālopa< … (Alopa, Alopa) ālopa¦, m. (= Pali id.), mouthful (of food); cf. next: Mv i.339.13 ālopa-kāram (ger., see §§ 22.5; 35.3, 5) āhāram āharesi (sc with v.l.), and 16 ālopa-kārakam (ger.) āhāram āharetsuḥ, making a mouthful of it, took food; Mvy 5766; 8572; 8574--6; Prāt 533.1--6 (= Mvy 8572--6); Divy [Page107-a+ 71] 290.23 carama ālopas; 470.17; 481.9; Av i.341.13 °pam anuprayacchati; Śikṣ 84.3; 138.5; 215.16; Bbh 76.19 (na) cāvaśiṣṭaṃ bhavati yāvad dvitīyam ālopaṃ prakṣipati.; 138.5; 215.16; Bbh 76.19 (na) cāvaśiṣṭaṃ bhavati yāvad dvitīyam ālopaṃ prakṣipati.)

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