Empty Luminosity

Definitions and contextual references:

ku bzhi - the four bodies of a buddha [1) {ngo bo nyid sku} natural truth body 2) {ye shes chos sku}-wisdom truth body 3) {longs sku} complete enjoyment body 4) {sprul sku}-emanation body] [IW]

kun mkhyen kun gzigs - omniscient and all-seeing, referring to the attributes of a buddha or bodhisattva [JV]

kun mkhyen nyi ma'i gnyen - epithet of gautama buddha [JV]

kun tu snang ba - contemplation which is everywhere manifest, gsal ba, snying rje, longs sku, chos nyid bar do, sun, a buddha, all-illumined, all-enlightened, all-illuminating [JV]

kun tu gzigs pa - 1) all seeing; 2) Avalokiteshvara; 3) a buddha [IW]

kun tu bzang po - Samantabhadra. The 'Ever-excellent One.' 1) The primordial dharmakaya buddha. 2) The bodhisattva Samantabhadra used as the example for the perfection of increasing an offering infinitely [RY]

kun tu bzang mo - Ever-Excellent Lady, Skt. Samantabhadri. The All-good, the mother of all the buddhas of the three times; the female counterpart / consort of Samantabhadra, the dharmakaya buddha. She symbolizes emptiness and dharmadhatu [RY]

kun nas lta na sdug pa'i dpe byad - the minor mark of being thoroughly lovely to behold [one of {dpe byad bzang po brgyad cu} 80 minor marks by being more beautiful than anything in samsara, all who see a buddha find him incomparably beautiful] [IW]

kun snang - 1) illuminating, shining; rays of the sun (lit. all-illuminating). 2) abbr. of {kun tu snang ba'i ting nge 'dzin}. 2) n. of a buddha [RY]

kun rig rnam par snang mdzad - Vairochana; 1) n. of a buddha. 2) n. of a yoga tantra [RY]

kun las rgyal ba - 1) victorious over all others; 2) name of a buddha [IW]

dka' thub chen po - 1) great tolerance of hardships; 2) name of a buddha [IW]

bka' brgyud - Kagyü. The lineage of teachings brought to Tibet by Lord Marpa, received from the dharmakaya buddha Vajradhara by the Indian siddha Tilopa, Saraha, and others. Transmitted by Naropa and Maitripa to the Tibetan translator Marpa, the lineage was passed on to Milarepa, Gampopa, Karmapa and others. The main emphasis is on the path of means which is the Six doctrines of Naropa, and the path of liberation which is the Mahamudra instructions of Maitripa [RY]

sku gnyis - the two kayas/ bodies of a buddha [1] {gzugs sku} [rupak ya] Form body 2] the body of reality {chos sku} [dharmak ya], Truth body] [IW]

sku rdzu 'phrul gyi cho 'phrul - the miraculous display of body, {sangs rgyas kyi cho 'phrul gsum} physical miraculous activity 1 of the three miraculous activities by which a buddha tames sentient beings [IW]

sku gsum lam 'khyer - Taking the three bodies of a buddha as paths [IW]

bskal pa ngan pa - an evil aeon / period [without a buddha]. Syn {mun nag gi bskal pa} [RY]

bskal pa bzang po - good kalpa [Auspicious/fortunate/ kalpa, bhadrakalpa, [our present world period blessed by the appearance of a buddha, a golden age [that has 1000 buddhas], the kalpa of light {sgron me'i bskal pa}, happy times] [IW]

kha sbyor gyi yan lag bdun - the seven aspects of union [of a sambhogakaya buddha ]. 1) {longs spyod rdzogs pa} complete enjoyment. 2) {kha sbyor} union. 3) {bde ba chen po} great bliss. 4) {rang bzhin med pa} no self-nature. 5) {snying rjes yongs su gang ba} completely filled with compassion. 6) {rgyun mi chad pa} uninterrupted. 7) {'gog pa med pa} unceasing [RY]

kha sbyor yan lag - the seven qualities of a sambhogakaya buddha (complete enjoyment, union, great bliss, absence of a self-nature, presence of compassion, being uninterrupted, being unceasing) [JV]

kha sbyor yan lag bdun - Seven aspects of union. The seven qualities of a sambhogakaya buddha: complete enjoyment, union, great bliss, absence of a self-nature, presence of compassion, being uninterrupted, and being unceasing [RY]

khams rnams dang mi ldan pa - not endowed with the dhatus. [One of the qualities of a buddha] [RY]

khams sna tshogs mkhyen pa'i stobs - the power of knowing the various dispositions [one of the {stobs bcu} the 10 powers of a buddha] [IW]

khengs med - 1) without pride, humble, modest; 2) a buddha, epithet of the Buddha [IW]

khrid chen brgyad - the 8 great transmissions (of the Gelugpa tradition) or {phyag chen khrid chen brgyad} the 8 great transmissions on the great seal [: 1) {bla ma sku gsum gyi khrid - teaching on guru and the three bodies of a buddha 2) {byams snying rje'i khrid} teaching on love and compassion 3) {rgyu 'bras rten 'brel gyi khrid} teaching on causality and dependent origination 4) {lnga ldan bdud rtsi thigs pa'i khrid} the drop-of-nectar-like five fold teachings on the great seal 5) {lhan cig skyes sbyor gyi khrid} teaching on simultaneous unification 6) {na' ro chos drug gi khrid} teaching on six yogas of naropa {na ro chos drug} 7) {chos brgyad mgo snyoms kyi grid} teaching on subduing the 8 worldly concerns (see {'jig rten chos brgyad} 8) {gsang spyod ldog sgom gyi khrid} teaching on the reversed method of meditation on secret mantra doctrin b) {lam rim khrid chen brgyad} the 8 great texts on the graded path {lam rim}: 1) {lam rim chen mo} the great 2) {lam rim 'bring} the medium 3) {lam rim chung ngu nyams mgur} the abbreviated texts of tshong khapa 4) {lam rim gser zhun ma} refined gold by the third dalai lama, sonal gyatso (1543-1588) 5) {lam rim 'jam dpal zhal lung} the instruction from Manjushri by the fifth dalai lama ngawang lobsang gyatso (1617-1682) 6) {lam rim bde lam} -the convenient path by the first panchen lama, lobsang chögyan (1570-1662) 7) {lam rim myar lam} the quick path by the second panchen lama, lobsang yeshe (1663-1737) 8} -lamrim legs gsung nying khu} -the essence of elegant sayings by dakpo ngawang dakpa) [IW]

'khor nges pa - Certainty of disciples [a sambhogakaya buddha only teaches bodhisattva disciples] [IW]

'khor du skye ba - to be born within the following of [a buddha] [RY]

'khor lo'i dbyen - a schism in the circle of a buddha. Syn {dge bdun 'khor lo'i dbyen} [RY]

'khor lo'i rtsod pa zhi byed - to pacify, reconcile a schism in the circle of a buddha [RY]

'khyer so gsum gyi rnal 'byor - the yogic practice of the three modes [(1 {snang ba sku'i 'khyer so} the yoga of taking all appearances as the body of a buddha; 2) {sgra grags gsung gi 'khyer so} the yoga of taking all sounds as the speech of a buddha; 3) {dran rtog thugs kyi 'khyer so} the yoga of taking all thoughts as the mind of a buddha] [IW]

'khrul pa mi mnga' ba - have no delusion/ confusion {1 of {sangs rgyas kyi chos ma 'dres bco brgyad} the 18 unshared dharmas of a buddha] [IW]

gang chen mtsho - Immense Ocean, [n. of a sambhogakaya buddha]. See also {rnam snang gang chen mtsho}, {gangs chen mtsho} [RY]

gang zag chen po - great personage, an individual with the 32 major and 80 minor marks of a buddha [JV]

grib sel - removal of defilement, one in whom there is no contamination, name of a buddha, removing of pollution or defilement of anything by religious rites [JV]

gru 'dzin - Potalaka buddhafield of Avalokiteshvara*, rudder [that which can direct, "hold" the boat] sail and engine] Potala Island [on the coast of CH [IW]

rgyal ba - Jina, 'Conqueror'. Victorious One. Same as a buddha; one who has conquered over the four maras [RY]

rgyal ba longs spyod rdzogs pa'i sku - Sambhogakaya buddha [RY]

rgyal ba'i ring bsrel - from the funeral pyre of a buddha little bone lumps, can be almost jewel like [IW]

rgyal sras - prince, sons of the victorious ones, son of a king or prince or chief, son of a buddha, bodhisattva, prince, jinaputra [JV]

sgrub thabs - Sadhana. 'Means of accomplishment.' Tantric liturgy and procedure for practice usually emphasizing the development stage. The typical sadhana structure involves a preliminary part including the taking refuge and arousing bodhichitta, a main part involving visualization of a buddha and recitation of the mantra, and a concluding part with dedication of merit to all sentient beings [RY]

bsgrub bya'i sangs rgyas - a buddhahood to be attained [RY]

dngos sangs rgyas snang - who appeared as a buddha in person. Syn {sangs rgyas dngos snang} [RY]

mngon par dga' ba - a buddha realm [JV]

cho 'phrul gsum - Three kinds of miraculous powers. The perfect deeds of a nirmanakaya buddha enacted through his body, speech and mind [RY]

cho 'phrul gsum ldan - having the three types of miraculous ability {sku rdzu 'phrul gyi cho 'phrul}, body miraculous manifestations {gsung nges su bstan pa'i cho 'phrul}, speech miraculous display of the doctrine {thugs kun brjod pa'i cho 'phrul}, = mind miraculous communication name of a buddha] [IW]

chos kyi stobs - 1) power of dharma; 2) name of a buddha [IW]

chos kyi dung - the conch of Dharma, [the throat of a buddha].{gsung chos kyi dung} [RY]

chos kyi yon tan - 1) beneficial qualities of the path of cessation or, special dharmas; 2) name of a buddha; 3) the qualities of dharma[s] [IW]

mchog sprul - reincarnated lama/ tulku, supreme emanation, nirmanakaya buddha [IW]

'chi 'pho ba dang skye ba mkhyen pa'i stobs - the power of knowing death transmigration and rebirth [knowing where and when sentient beings will die and be reborn in future 1 of the ten powers of a buddha.] [IW]

'jam dpal rnga sgra - a buddha [JV]

nye tshe'i sangs rgyas - SA rang sangs rgyas, pratyekabuddha [JV]

tog dkar - name of gautama buddha in tusita heaven before his last incarnation [JV]

gter chen po'i bum - wishing-pot, 1 of 8 auspicious symbols, inexhaustible treasure vase (symbol of the innumerable qualities of a buddha's body) [JV]

rten 'brel bsgom - epithet for a pratyeka buddha, SA rang sangs rgyas [JV]

lteng ka - SA ltang, name of a buddha, pool, pond, a disciple of buddha [JV]

lteng rgyas - name of a buddha [JV]

stobs bcu pa - 1) One indowed with the ten powers, a buddha; 2) the 10th power [IW]

stobs sogs sangs rgyas chos rnams - the powers and so forth the dharmas of a buddha [IW]

thub pa rab mchog - a buddha, pravara muni, a tathagata [JV]

dag snang - pure perception. The Vajrayana principle of regarding the environment as a buddhafield, self and others as deities, sounds as mantras, and thoughts as the display of wisdom [RY]

dal ba brgyad - Mipham Rinpoche: {ngan song gsum dang 'du shes med pa'i lha ste mi ma yin pa'i mi khoms pa'i gnas bzhi, mtha' 'khob kla klo, log lta can gyi rigs, sangs rgyas ma byon pa'i zhing, dbang shes blun lkug brda mi 'jal ba ste mi'i mi khoms pa bzhi ste, brgyad po bral ba'i dal ba brgyad} To dwell within the three lower realms or among the perceptionless gods are the 'four nonhuman unfree states'. To belong to a primitive border tribe, to hold wrong views, to dwell in a realm where a buddha has not appeared, or to possess defective faculties or mental capacity, such as being imbecilic, inept or incapable of communicating, are the 'four human unfree states'. To be free from these eight are the 'eight freedoms'. [RY]

de bzhin gshegs pa - tath'agata [dwelling in the extremes neither of samsara or nirvana, relying on the path of suchness, having gone to the manifestation of great enlightenment. Tathagatas lit 1 who has gone thus to nirvana, a buddha - 'the thus-gone'] [IW]

de bzhin gshegs pa - 1) the Tathagata, (Syn. the Buddha), 2) tathagata, 'thus-gone', one gone to suchness; one who has gone thus [to nirvana], a buddha [RY]

de bzhin gshegs pa dri med zla 'od - name of a buddha [IW]

des ni zad byas rgyal ba - the victorious ones who had exhausted that, as for Suraha buddha the exhaustion producing victorious one [IW]

des pa - my lord, Suraha buddha, fine, brave, noble, chaste, peaceful, gentle one, great gentleness, of excellent nature [IW]

des pa 'dren pa - lead gently the leader Suraha buddha [IW]

dri med zla - stainless moon, Vimalacandra buddha [IW]

gdul zhing - realm/doman/ field of influence/ those to be tamed / conversion [of a buddha or like {mi mjed 'jig rten gyi zhing} Saha world of fortitude] [IW]

bde bar gshegs pa - 1) sugata. lit. blissfully-gone one who has gone to bliss, a buddha, 2) the Sugata, the Buddha (Syn. Tathagata, Buddha) [RY]

bde smon - rnam dag bde chen zhing gi smon lam; prayer (pranidhana) to be reborn in the Sukhavati paradise of Amitabha buddha; by {karma chags med mkhas grub r'a ga a syas} (17th cent) [RY]

'das pa'i sangs rgyas - buddhas of the past, past buddha, epithet of dipankara buddha [JV]

'do chen po - Mahaprabha buddha [IW]

rdo rje 'chang - Vajradhara. 'Vajra-holder.' The dharmakaya buddha of the Sarma Schools. Can also refer to one's personal teacher of Vajrayana or to the all-embracing buddha nature [RY]

rdo rje nyi ma - sun, a sutra, a buddha [JV]

rdo rje sems dpa' - Vajrasattva. A sambhogakaya buddha who embodies all of the five or hundred buddha families. He is also a support for purification practices [RY]

rnam par snang mdzad sangs rgyas - Vairochana buddha, light maker, buddha family [IW]

snang gzigs - x {longs sku'i zhing snang gzigs} you saw sambhogakaya buddhafields appear [RY]

pad ma drwa ba - Lotus Net, [a buddha field] [RY]

pad ma rigs - the lotus/ padma buddha family [IW]

dpal dang ldan pa'i zhing khams - the Glorious/ {dpal dang ldan pa buddha field [IW]

dpal ldan brtsegs pa - a buddha realm [JV]

dpe byad brgyad cu - a buddha's 80 minor marks [IW]

sprul sku - Tulku. Literally, 'apparitional body.' Can refer to an incarnated bodhisattva who works for the welfare of sentient beings, or to the nirmanakaya manifested by a buddha [RY]

phing dkar ba - 1) white felt; 2) place; 3) name of a buddha image in phing dkar ba [IW]

phyed sprul longs sku - a half nirmanakaya, half sambhogakaya buddhafield; semi-nirmana-sambhogakaya, {gzugs brnyan longs sku} [RY]

phrin las gnyis - the two activities, [qualities of a buddha's action], {lhun gyis grub pa} spontaneous, {rgyun mi chad pa} uninterrupted]. two qualities of a Buddha's action [RY]

phrin las gnyis - the two activities, (qualities of a buddha's action) {lhun gyis grub pa - spontaneous, {rgyun mi chad pa - uninterrupted) [IW]

phrin las gnyis - the two activities, (qualities of a buddha's action [IW]

'pho ba - Phowa. Ejection of consciousness to a buddhafield at the moment of death [RY]

bu ram shing pa - iksvaku (1st king of solar dynasty), progenitor of solar race, epithet of sakya simha buddha [JV]

dbur gtsug tor ldan pa'i mtshan bzang - the major mark of the ushnisha, tuft of hair at the crown of a buddha [IW]

'bad med lhun grub tu mdzad pa gsum - the threefold effortless and spontaneous action [of a buddha] [RY]

'bad med lhun grub tu mdzad pa gsum - the 3-fold effortless and spontaneous action of a buddha [IW]

'byor pa bcu - the ten freedoms [the five freedoms pertaining to oneself are: be a human being, be born in a central country, have sound faclties, have performed no extreme evil deeds, having faith in the teachings of the buddha. the five freedoms pertaiing to others: a buddhaa has come, he has taught the dharma his techings still remain, the teachings are followed, mthun rkyen spiritual friends exist] [IW]

'byor pa bcu - ten riches; Mipham Rinpoche: {rang mir gyur, dbang po tshang, chos dar ba'i yul dbus skyes, las kyi mtha' ma log pa, dad pa yod pa ste rang 'byor lnga, sangs rgyas 'jig rten du byon, chos gsung, bstan pa gnas, de la 'jug pa yod, chos ston pa yod pa ste gzhan 'byor lnga bcas, 'byor pa bcu'o} The 'five riches from oneself' are to be a human being, to possess intact faculties, to have been born in a central land where the teachings flourish, to engage in unmistaken activities, and to possess faith. The 'five riches from others' are that a buddha appeared in the world, that he taught the Dharma, that the doctrine remains, that there are people who follow it and that there are Dharma teachers. [RY]

'byor ba bcu - Ten riches. The five riches from others are: a buddha appears, teaches the Dharma, the teachings remain, there are followers, and there are teachers with the kindness to teach. The five riches from oneself are: Being a human, born in a central country, having the physical and mental faculties intact, not having a perverted livelihood, and having trust in the Three Jewels [RY]

'byor ba bcu - the ten favorable conditions,; {rang 'byor lnga}, {gzhan 'byor lnga} Ten endowments the five which concern oneself are: human birth, in a land where the doctrine prevails, with pure sense faculties, no contradictory karma, and with faith. The five which concern others are: a buddha has appeared, he has taught the doctrine, which continues to exist, is entered, and a spiritual benefactor is sought] [IW]

ma 'dres pa bco brgyad - the 18 unshared/ unique dharmas [of a buddha] [IW]

ma 'dres pa bco brgyad - the 18 unique qualities of a buddha. unshared, unmixed; eighteen unassociated qualities (unassociated with any unenlightened qualities); also {sangs rgyas kyi chos ma 'dres pa bco brgyad} (See Eighteen Distinct Doctrines of the Buddhas [RY]

Eighteen Distinct Doctrines of the Buddhas. 18 distinct dharmas/qualities of the buddhas [IW]

Eighteen Distinct Doctrines of the Buddhas. The tathagatas are without bewilderment 'khrul pa med pa, they are noiseless ca co med pa, they are without forgetfulness bsnyel ba med pa, they are without an unbalanced mind sems mnyam par ma gzhag pa med pa, they are without diverse cognitions tha dad pa'i 'du shes med pa, they are without the equanimity which does not make distinction so sor ma rtogs pa'i btang snyoms med pa, they do not degenerate in their devotion 'dun pa nyams pa med pa, nor in their perseverance brtson 'grus nyams pa med pa, nor in their recollection dran pa nyams pa med pa, nor in their contemplation ting 'dzin nyams pa med pa, nor in their discriminative awareness shes rab nyams pa med pa, nor in their liberation rnam grol nyams pa med pa, all the activities of their bodies are preceded by pristine cognition and pursue pristine cognition lus kyi ... [6 missing?]; [TRS 49-5] [RY]

eighteen distinctive qualities/ factors/ features unique to buddhas and unshared [with ordinary beings] (See Eighteen Distinct Doctrines of the Buddhas) [RB]

mi lus rin po che - precious human body. Comprised of the eight freedoms and ten riches. The freedoms are: to avoid rebirth in the eight unfree states: 1-3) three lower realms, 4) a long-living god, 5) having wrong views, 6) a savage, 7) a mute, or 8) born in an age without buddhas. The riches are five from oneself and five from others. The five riches from oneself are: 1) to be a human, 2) centrally born, 3) with intact sense powers, 4) having unperverted livelihood and 5) faith in the right place. The five riches from others are: 1) a buddha appeared and 2) he taught the Dharma, 3) the teachings remain and 4) have followers and 5) (teachers) who compassionately benefit others [RY]

mi'i mi khoms pa bzhi - {mtha' 'khob kla klo, log lta can gyi rigs, sangs rgyas ma byon pa'i zhing, dbang shes blun lkug brda mi 'jal ba ste mi'i mi khoms pa bzhi} To belong to a primitive border tribe, to hold wrong views, to dwell in a realm where a buddha has not appeared, or to possess defective faculties or mental capacity, such as being imbecilic, inept or incapable of communicating, are the 'four human unfree states'. [RY]

me ri 'bar ba - a buddha realm [JV]

mya ngan las 'das pa - Nirvana. The extinguishing of the causes for samsaric existence. The lesser nirvana refers to the liberation from cyclic existence attained by a Hinayana practitioner. When referring to a buddha, 'nirvana' is the great non-dwelling state of enlightenment which falls neither into the extreme of samsaric existence nor into the passive state of cessation attained by an arhat [RY]

gtsug tor - at the crown of the head protuberance of flesh or imitation in bound hair, cowl. ushnisha, tuft of hair on head [of a buddha] [IW]

gtsug tor - ushnisha/ prominence above the crown of the head; [tuft of hair / fleshy protuberance on the top of a buddha's head]; cowl. protuberance on head of a buddha, one of thirty-two major marks [RY]

gtsug tor - at the crown of the head protruberance of flesh or imitation in bound hair, cowl. u n a, tuft of hair on head [of a buddha] [one of the 32 major marks] [IW]

gtsug tor - ushnisha/ prominence on the crown of a buddha's head [RB]

gtsug thor - Ushnika A protuberance which raises infinitely into space from the top of a buddha's head. It can be seen only by a bodhisattva who attained the first bhumi [RY]

rtsa ba'i rgyan brgyad - the eight principal ornaments [of a peaceful sambhogakaya buddha], {dbu rgyan} crown, snyan rgyan - earrings, {mgul rgyan} throat ornament, phyag rgyan - bracelets, {do shal} long necklace, {se mo do} necklace, {'og pag} belt, {zhabs gdub} anklets. Syn {rin po che'i rgyan brgyad} [RY]

rtsa ba'i rgyan brgyad - the 8 principal ornaments [of a peaceful sambhogakaya buddha], {dbu rgyan - crown, snyan rgyan- earrings, {mgul rgyan - throat ornament, phyag rgyan- bracelets, {do shal - long necklace, {se mo do - necklace, {'og pag - belt, {zhabs gdub - anklets, syn {rin po che'i rgyan brgyad} [IW]

tshva tshva - Tsa-tsa. A small clay image of a buddha stamped from a mold [RY]

tshangs pa'i dbyangs - Brahma-like voice. The voice endowed with the sixteen perfect qualities of Brahma, the king of the gods. A common description of a buddha's speech [RY]

mtshan dpe - marks, characteristics, attributes (major and minor auspicious marks or attributes of a buddha), marks & characteristics [JV]

mtshan dpe - Major and minor marks. The thirty-two major and eighty minor marks of excellence that characterize the perfect physical form of a nirmanakaya or sambhogakaya buddha. A universal ruler is also said to possess a resemblance of these marks. Marks and signs. A perfect buddha's 32 major and 80 minor marks of excellence [RY]

mtshan gsum bcu so gnyis - Thirty-two major marks. The perfect marks of a buddha [RY]

mdzod spu - circle of hair between the eyebrows. one of the {skyes bu chen po'i mtshan sum bcu rtsa gnyis} the thirty marks of a great being. Urna [buddha]. hair-tuft. psychic aperture. urnakesha. hair ringlet between eyebrows of a buddha, one of the thirty-two major marks [RY]

rdzogs pa'i skyil krung - the posture of perfection of a buddha [JV]

zhabs zung gi 'khor lo 'god pa - resided, lit. "placed the chakra of both his feet", one of the marks of a buddha [RY]

zhing smon - prayer to be reborn in the Sukhavati paradise of Amitabha buddha Amitabha; {rnam dag bde chen zhing gi smon lam} work by {kar-ma chags med} [RY]

gzhan 'byor lnga - {sangs rgyas 'jig rten du byon, chos gsung, bstan pa gnas, de la 'jug pa yod, chos ston pa yod pa ste gzhan 'byor lnga} The 'five riches from others' are that a buddha appeared in the world, that he taught the Dharma, that the doctrine remains, that there are people who follow it and that there are Dharma teachers. [RY]

gzugs mchog - 1) gzugs bzang po mchog tu gyur pa; 2) sambhogakaya; 3) name of a buddha [IW]

bzod mnga' ba - enduring much, name of a buddha [JV]

'og min - Akanishtha. The 'highest;' the realm of Vajradhara, the enlightened sphere the dharmakaya buddha. Often used as a synonym for 'dharmadhatu.' [RY]

'od mi 'gyur ba - (the dharmakaya buddha of Changeless Light [IW]

'od mi 'gyur ba - [the dharmakaya buddha of] Changeless Light [RY]

yongs su mya ngan las 'das pa - parinirvana. 'Completely passing beyond suffering.' 1) The final entry into nirvana. 2) Honorific term for the passing away of a buddha or a fully accomplished master [RY]

rang rgyal - Pratyekabuddha, {rang sangs rgyas}. 'Solitarily Enlightened One.' A Hinayana Arhat who attains Nirvana chiefly through contemplation on the twelve links of dependent origination in reverse order, without needing teachings in that lifetime. He lacks the complete realization of a buddha and so cannot benefit limitless sentient beings as a buddha does [RY]

rang stobs gshen rab - class of bon who aim at resembling buddhist pratyeka buddhas [JV]

rang sangs rgyas - those who are content with being independent, solitary realizer, pratyeka buddha (bse ru lta bu, tshogs dang spyod), Solitary Buddhas, solitary sage, solitary sage [JV]

rin po che yi rgyan brgyad - eight jewel ornaments [of a sambhogakaya buddha] [RY]

las rab grub pa - a buddha realm [JV]

lus med thul - a buddha [IW]

shar phyogs rin chen bkod pa'i zhing khams - rin chen bkod pa buddha field in the E [IW]

bshes gnyen chen po - 1) great spiritual friend; 2) name of a buddha [IW]

bshes gnyen bzang po - 1) good [spiritual] friend; 2) dharma teacher; 3) name of a buddha [IW]

sangs rgyas kyi sku - the kayas of buddhahood, the body of a buddha [h] [IW]

sangs rgyas kyi dpe byad bzang po brgyad cu - the 80 minor marks of a buddha [IW]

sangs rgyas kyi mtshan dpe - major and minor marks of a buddha [RY]

sangs rgyas kyi mtshan bzang so gnyis - the 32 major marks of a buddha CHN [IW]

sangs rgyas kho nas mkhyen pa - the exclusive knowledge of a buddha [RY]

sangs rgyas 'jig rten du byon pa - a buddha appeared in the world [RY]

sangs rgyas thob pa - become a buddha, attain buddhahood [JV]

sangs rgyas byon dang des chos gsungs - a buddha has appeared and has preached the Dharma [RY]

sangs rgyas ma byon pa'i zhing - to dwell in a realm where a buddha has not appeared [RY]

sangs rgyas 'od srung - kasyapa buddha, he who immediately preceded buddha shakyamuni [JV]

sangs rgyas rab bdun - succession of 7 buddhas who preceded gautama buddha ('od srung, gser thub, 'khor ba 'jig) [JV]

sangs rgyas gsang ba - Acarya buddhaguhya [IW]

sems chen - 1) great courage/ mental/ spiritual power/contents; 2) mahasattva buddha son [IW]

gsal ldan - 1) learned; 2) Mercury; 3) mthing; 2) ka shi, gsal ldan; 3) name of a buddha] [IW]

gsung chos kyi dung - the conch of Dharma, the throat of a buddha [IW]

gso sbyong 'phags - ancestor of gautama buddha, uposadha [JV]

bse ru lta bu'i rang sangs rgyas - rhinoceros like pratyekabuddha [one of the {dge 'dun nyi shu}, pratyekabuddha arhat gang tshe rabs snga ma la nges 'byed cha mthun ma bskyed pa ste, the shravaka path {nyan thos kyi lam} sngon du ma btang zhing, without a buddha[hood] arising, sometimes it is said they occur in ages without buddhas, sometimes that they occur any time but are not enlghtened manifesting the path by themselves, staying alone like a rhino] [IW]

lha mo sgyu 'phrul ma - mother of gautama buddha [JV]

lhas byin - brother of ananda, cousin of gautama buddha, certain king of benares, Devadatta [JV]

lhums su 'jug pa - {/ zhugs pa} to enter a womb (honorific; one of twelve deeds of a buddha) [RB]

lhums su zhugs pa - {/ 'jug pa} to enter a womb (honorific; one of twelve deeds of a buddha) [RB]

u dum ba ra - ficus clomerata, fabulous lotus of immense size, flower which only appears and blossoms when a universal monarch or a buddha is born into the world [JV]