Investigation of Combination: Difference between revisions
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(return to list of '''''[[Contents & Translation of "Mulamadhyamakakarika: Verses from the Centre"]]''''') | (return to list of '''''[[Contents & Translation of "Mulamadhyamakakarika: Verses from the Centre"]]''''') | ||
'''20. Investigation of Combination''' | |||
'''Chapter 20. Investigation of Combination''' | |||
'''''(Combination)''''' | '''''(Combination)''''' | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀྱི།</span><br> | |||
1. gal te rgyu dang rkyen rnams kyi/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལས་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་ཞིང།</span><br> | ||
tshogs pa nyid las skye 'gyur zhing/<br> | |||
tshogs la 'bras bu yod na ni/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་ལ་འབྲས་བུ་ཡོད་ན་ནི།</span><br> | ||
ji ltar tshogs pa nyid las skye/ | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཇི་ལྟར་ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལས་སྐྱེ།།</span><br> | |||
1. /[[gal te]] [[rgyu dang rkyen]] [[rnams]] [[kyi]]/<br> | |||
/[[tshogs pa]] [[nyid las]] [[skye 'gyur]] [[zhing]]/<br> | |||
/[[tshogs]] [[la]] [['bras bu]] [[yod na]] [[ni]]/<br> | |||
/[[ji ltar]] [[tshogs pa]] [[nyid las]] [[skye]]// | |||
1. If a fruit is born from the combination of cause and conditions and exists in the combination, how can it be born from the combination itself? | 1. If a fruit is born from the combination of cause and conditions and exists in the combination, how can it be born from the combination itself? | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀྱི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལས་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་ཞིང།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་ལ་འབྲས་བུ་མེད་ན་ནི།</span><br> | |||
2. gal te rgyu dang rkyen rnams kyi/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།ཇི་ལྟར་ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལས་སྐྱེ།།</span><br> | ||
tshogs pa nyid las skye 'gyur zhing/<br> | |||
tshogs la 'bras bu med na ni/<br> | 2. /[[gal te]] [[rgyu dang rkyen]] [[rnams]] [[kyi]]/<br> | ||
ji ltar tshogs pa nyid las skye/ | /[[tshogs pa]] [[nyid las]] [[skye 'gyur]] [[zhing]]/<br> | ||
/[[tshogs]] [[la]] [['bras bu]] [[med na]] [[ni]]/<br> | |||
/[[ji ltar]] [[tshogs pa]] [[nyid las]] [[skye]]// | |||
2. If a fruit is born from the combination of cause and conditions and does not exist in the combination, how can it be born from the combination itself? | 2. If a fruit is born from the combination of cause and conditions and does not exist in the combination, how can it be born from the combination itself? | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀྱི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་ལ་འབྲས་བུ་ཡོད་ན་ནི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་ལ་གཟུང་དུ་ཡོད་རིགས་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལ་གཟུང་དུ་མེད།།</span><br> | |||
3. gal te rgyu dang rkyen rnams kyi/<br> | 3. /[[gal te]] [[rgyu dang rkyen]] [[rnams]] [[kyi]]/<br> | ||
tshogs la 'bras bu yod na ni/<br> | /[[tshogs]] [[la]] [['bras bu]] [[yod na]] [[ni]]/<br> | ||
tshogs la gzung du yod rigs na/<br> | /[[tshogs]] [[la]] [[gzung]] [[du yod]] [[rigs]] [[na]]/<br> | ||
tshogs pa nyid la gzung du med/ | /[[tshogs pa]] [[nyid]] [[la]] [[gzung du med]]// | ||
3. If the fruit exists in the combination of cause and conditions, it would be correct for it to be apprehendable in the combination but it is not apprehendable in the combination. | 3. If the fruit exists in the combination of cause and conditions, it would be correct for it to be apprehendable in the combination but it is not apprehendable in the combination. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀྱི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་ལ་འབྲས་བུ་མེད་ན་ནི།</span><br> | |||
4. gal te rgyu dang rkyen rnams kyi/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་རྣམས་དང་ནི་རྐྱེན་དག་ཀྱང།</span><br> | ||
tshogs la 'bras bu med na ni/<br> | |||
rgyu rnams dang ni rkyen dag kyang/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་རྐྱེན་མ་ཡིན་མཚུངས་པར་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | ||
rgyu rkyen ma yin mtshungs par 'gyur/ | |||
4. /[[gal te]] [[rgyu dang rkyen]] [[rnams]] [[kyi]]/<br> | |||
/[[tshogs]] [[la]] [['bras bu]] [[med na]] [[ni]]/<br> | |||
/[[rgyu]] [[rnams]] [[dang]] [[ni]] [[rkyen]] [[dag]] [[kyang]]/<br> | |||
/[[rgyu rkyen]] [[ma yin]] [[mtshungs par]] [['gyur]]// | |||
4. If the fruit does not exist in the combination of cause and conditions, the causes and conditions would be comparable to non-causes and conditions. | 4. If the fruit does not exist in the combination of cause and conditions, the causes and conditions would be comparable to non-causes and conditions. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུས་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ལ།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་བྱིན་ནས་ནི་འགག་འགྱུར་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།གང་བྱིན་པ་དང་གང་འགགས་པའི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་ཡི་བདག་ཉིད་གཉིས་སུ་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | |||
5. gal te rgyus ni 'bras bu la/<br> | 5. /[[gal te]] [[rgyus]] [[ni]] [['bras bu]] [[la]]/<br> | ||
rgyu byin nas ni 'gag 'gyur na/<br> | /[[rgyu]] [[byin nas]] [[ni]] [['gag 'gyur]] [[na]]/<br> | ||
gang byin pa dang gang 'gags pa'i/<br> | /[[gang]] [[byin pa]] [[dang]] [[gang]] [['gags pa]]'i/<br> | ||
rgyu yi bdag nyid gnyis su 'gyur/ | /[[rgyu]] [[yi]] [[bdag nyid]] [[gnyis su]] [['gyur]]// | ||
5. If the cause stops once it has given the cause to the fruit, there would be a double nature of the cause: one that gives and one that stops. | 5. If the cause stops once it has given the cause to the fruit, there would be a double nature of the cause: one that gives and one that stops. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུས་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ལ།</span><br> | |||
6. gal te rgyus ni 'bras bu la/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་མ་བྱིན་པར་འགག་འགྱུར་ན།</span><br> | ||
rgyu ma byin | |||
rgyu 'gags nas ni skyes pa yi/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་འགགས་ནས་ནི་སྐྱེས་པ་ཡི།</span><br> | ||
'bras bu de dag rgyu med 'gyur/ | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་དེ་དག་རྒྱུ་མེད་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | |||
6. /[[gal te]] [[rgyus]] [[ni]] [['bras bu]] [[la]]/<br> | |||
/[[rgyu ma]] [[byin pa]]r [['gag 'gyur]] [[na]]/<br> | |||
/[[rgyu 'gags]] [[nas]] [[ni]] [[skyes pa]] [[yi]]/<br> | |||
/[['bras bu]] [[de dag]] [[rgyu med]] [['gyur]]// | |||
6. If the cause stops without having given the cause to the fruit, those fruits which are born after the cause has stopped would be uncaused. | 6. If the cause stops without having given the cause to the fruit, those fruits which are born after the cause has stopped would be uncaused. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་ཚོགས་དང་ལྷན་ཅིག་ཏུ།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་ཡང་ནི་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་དང་བསྐྱེད་བྱ་གང།</span><br> | |||
7. gal te tshogs dang lhan cig tu/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།དུས་གཅིག་པར་ནི་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | ||
'bras bu yang ni skye 'gyur na/<br> | |||
skyed par byed dang bskyed bya gang/<br> | 7. /[[gal te]] [[tshogs]] [[dang]] [[lhan cig tu]]/<br> | ||
dus gcig par ni thal bar 'gyur/ | /[['bras bu]] [[yang]] [[ni]] [[skye 'gyur]] [[na]]/<br> | ||
/[[skyed par byed]] [[dang]] [[bskyed bya]] [[gang]]/<br> | |||
/[[dus gcig]] [[par]] [[ni]] [[thal bar 'gyur]]// | |||
7. If the fruit were also born at the same time as the combination, it would follow that the producer and the produced would be simultaneous. | 7. If the fruit were also born at the same time as the combination, it would follow that the producer and the produced would be simultaneous. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་ཚོགས་པའི་སྔ་རོལ་དུ།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེས་པར་གྱུར་ན་ནི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་མེད་པ་ཡི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་རྒྱུ་མེད་འབྱུང་བར་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | |||
8. gal te tshogs pa'i snga rol du/<br> | 8. /[[gal te]] [[tshogs pa]]'i [[snga rol du]]/<br> | ||
'bras bu skyes | /[['bras bu]] [[skyes pa]]r [[gyur na]] [[ni]]/<br> | ||
rgyu dang rkyen rnams med pa yi/<br> | /[[rgyu dang rkyen]] [[rnams]] [[med pa]] [[yi]]/<br> | ||
'bras bu rgyu med 'byung bar 'gyur/ | /[['bras bu]] [[rgyu med]] [['byung bar 'gyur]]// | ||
8. If the fruit were born prior to the combination, there would occur an uncaused fruit which has no cause and conditions. | 8. If the fruit were born prior to the combination, there would occur an uncaused fruit which has no cause and conditions. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་འགགས་འབྲས་བུ་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་ནི་ཀུན་ཏུ་འཕོ་བར་འགྱུར།</span><br> | |||
9. gal te rgyu 'gags 'bras bu na/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།སྔོན་སྐྱེས་པ་ཡི་རྒྱུ་ཡང་ནི།</span><br> | ||
rgyu ni kun tu 'pho | |||
sngon skyes pa yi rgyu yang ni/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།ཡང་སྐྱེ་བར་ནི་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | ||
yang skye bar ni thal bar 'gyur/ | |||
9. /[[gal te]] [[rgyu 'gags]] [['bras bu]] [[na]]/<br> | |||
/[[rgyu]] [[ni]] [[kun tu]] [['pho ba]]r [['gyur]]/<br> | |||
/[[sngon skyes pa]] [[yi]] [[rgyu]] [[yang]] [[ni]]/<br> | |||
/[[yang]] [[skye bar]] [[ni]] [[thal bar 'gyur]]// | |||
9. If [when] a cause stops, it is forever transferred to the fruit, then it would follow that the cause which was born before would be born again. | 9. If [when] a cause stops, it is forever transferred to the fruit, then it would follow that the cause which was born before would be born again. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།འགགས་པ་ནུབ་པར་གྱུར་པ་ཡིས།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེས་པ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་དང་ནི་འབྲེལ་བའི་རྒྱུ།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།གནས་པས་ཀྱང་ནི་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད།།</span><br> | |||
10. 'gags pa nub par gyur pa yis/<br> | 10. /[['gags pa]] [[nub par gyur]] [[pa]] [[yis]]/<br> | ||
'bras bu skyes pa ji ltar skyed/<br> | /[['bras bu]] [[skyes pa]] [[ji ltar]] [[skyed]]/<br> | ||
'bras bu dang ni 'brel ba'i rgyu/<br> | /[['bras bu]] [[dang]] [[ni]] [['brel ba]]'i [[rgyu]]/<br> | ||
gnas pas kyang ni ji ltar skyed/ | /[[gnas pas]] [[kyang]] [[ni]] [[ji ltar]] [[skyed]]// | ||
10. How can the production of fruit be produced by the stopping and disappearing [of something]? Also how can fruit be produced by related causes which persist with it? | 10. How can the production of fruit be produced by the stopping and disappearing [of something]? Also how can fruit be produced by related causes which persist with it? | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།ཅི་སྟེ་རྒྱུ་འབྲས་མ་འབྲེལ་ན།</span><br> | |||
11. ci ste rgyu 'bras ma 'brel na/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་གང་ཞིག་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།</span><br> | ||
'bras bu gang zhig skyed par byed/<br> | |||
rgyus ni mthong dang ma mthong | <span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུས་ནི་མཐོང་དང་མ་མཐོང་བར།</span><br> | ||
'bras bu skyed | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེད་པར་མི་བྱེད་དོ།།</span><br> | |||
11. /[[ci ste]] [[rgyu 'bras]] [[ma 'brel]] [[na]]/<br> | |||
/[['bras bu]] [[gang zhig]] [[skyed par byed]]/<br> | |||
/[[rgyus]] [[ni]] [[mthong]] [[dang]] [[ma mthong ba]]r/<br> | |||
/[['bras bu skyed pa]]r [[mi byed]] [[do]]// | |||
11. If cause and fruit are not related, what fruit can be produced? Causes do not produce fruits they either see or don't see. | 11. If cause and fruit are not related, what fruit can be produced? Causes do not produce fruits they either see or don't see. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་འདས་པ་རྒྱུ་འདས་དང།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།མ་སྐྱེས་པ་དང་སྐྱེས་པ་དང།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ལྷན་ཅིག་ཕྲད་པར་འགྱུར་པ་ནི།</span><br> | |||
12. 'bras bu 'das pa rgyu 'das dang/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།ནམ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ།།</span><br> | ||
ma skyes pa dang skyes pa dang/<br> | |||
lhan cig phrad | 12. /[['bras bu]] [['das pa]] [[rgyu]] [['das]] [[dang]]/<br> | ||
nam yang yod pa ma yin no/ | /[[ma skyes pa]] [[dang]] [[skyes pa]] [[dang]]/<br> | ||
/[[lhan cig]] [[phrad pa]]r [['gyur]] [[pa]] [[ni]]/<br> | |||
/[[nam yang]] [[yod pa ma yin]] [[no]]// | |||
12. The simultaneous connection of a past fruit with a past, a future and a present cause never exists. | 12. The simultaneous connection of a past fruit with a past, a future and a present cause never exists. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེས་པ་རྒྱུ་མ་སྐྱེས།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འདས་པ་དང་ནི་སྐྱེས་པ་དང།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ལྷན་ཅིག་ཕྲད་པར་འགྱུར་པ་ནི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ནམ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ།།</span><br> | |||
13. 'bras bu skyes pa rgyu ma skyes/<br> | 13. /[['bras bu]] [[skyes pa]] [[rgyu ma]] [[skyes]]/<br> | ||
'das pa dang ni skyes pa dang/<br> | /[['das pa]] [[dang]] [[ni]] [[skyes pa]] [[dang]]/<br> | ||
lhan cig phrad | /[[lhan cig]] [[phrad pa]]r [['gyur]] [[pa]] [[ni]]/<br> | ||
nam yang yod pa ma yin no/ | /[[nam yang]] [[yod pa ma yin]] [[no]]// | ||
13. The simultaneous connection of a present fruit with a future, a past and a present cause never exists. | 13. The simultaneous connection of a present fruit with a future, a past and a present cause never exists. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་མ་སྐྱེས་རྒྱུ་སྐྱེས་དང།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།མ་སྐྱེས་པ་དང་འདས་པ་དང།</span><br> | |||
14. 'bras bu ma skyes rgyu skyes dang/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།ལྷན་ཅིག་ཕྲད་པར་འགྱུར་བ་ནི།</span><br> | ||
ma skyes pa dang 'das pa dang/<br> | |||
lhan cig phrad | <span class=TibUni18>།ནམ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ།།</span><br> | ||
nam yang yod pa ma yin no/ | |||
14. /[['bras bu]] [[ma skyes]] [[rgyu]] [[skyes]] [[dang]]/<br> | |||
/[[ma skyes pa]] [[dang]] [['das pa]] [[dang]]/<br> | |||
/[[lhan cig]] [[phrad pa]]r [['gyur ba]] [[ni]]/<br> | |||
/[[nam yang]] [[yod pa ma yin]] [[no]]// | |||
14. The simultaneous connection of a future fruit with a present, a future and a past cause never exists. | 14. The simultaneous connection of a future fruit with a present, a future and a past cause never exists. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།ཕྲད་པ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུས་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཕྲད་པ་ཡོད་པ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུས་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད།།</span><br> | |||
15. phrad pa yod pa ma yin na/<br> | 15. /[[phrad pa]] [[yod pa ma yin]] [[na]]/<br> | ||
rgyus ni 'bras bu ji ltar skyed/<br> | /[[rgyus]] [[ni]] [['bras bu]] [[ji ltar]] [[skyed]]/<br> | ||
phrad pa yod pa yin na yang/<br> | /[[phrad pa]] [[yod pa yin]] [[na yang]]/<br> | ||
rgyus ni 'bras bu ji ltar skyed/ | /[[rgyus]] [[ni]] [['bras bu]] [[ji ltar]] [[skyed]]// | ||
15. When there is no connection, how can a cause produce fruit? Even when there is connection, how can a cause produce fruit? | 15. When there is no connection, how can a cause produce fruit? Even when there is connection, how can a cause produce fruit? | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་འབྲས་བུས་སྟོང་པའི་རྒྱུས།</span><br> | |||
16. gal te 'bras bus stong pa'i rgyus/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།ཇི་ལྟར་འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།</span><br> | ||
ji ltar 'bras bu skyed | |||
gal te 'bras bus mi stong rgyus/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།གལ་ཏེ་འབྲས་བུས་མི་སྟོང་རྒྱུས།</span><br> | ||
ji ltar 'bras bu skyed | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཇི་ལྟར་འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།།</span><br> | |||
16. /[[gal te]] [['bras bus stong]] [[pa]]'i [[rgyus]]/<br> | |||
/[[ji ltar]] [['bras bu skyed pa]]r [[byed]]/<br> | |||
/[[gal te]] [['bras bus]] [[mi stong]] [[rgyus]]/<br> | |||
/[[ji ltar]] [['bras bu skyed pa]]r [[byed]]// | |||
16. If a cause is empty of fruit, how can it produce fruit? If a cause is not empty of fruit, how can it produce fruit? | 16. If a cause is empty of fruit, how can it produce fruit? If a cause is not empty of fruit, how can it produce fruit? | ||
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['''Ts.''' 353 appears to read stong in this context as simply "absent". This verse and 17-18 indicate N's fluid, non-dogmatic use of the term "empty".] | ['''Ts.''' 353 appears to read stong in this context as simply "absent". This verse and 17-18 indicate N's fluid, non-dogmatic use of the term "empty".] | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་མི་སྟོང་སྐྱེ་མི་འགྱུར།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།མི་སྟོང་འགག་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ།</span><br> | |||
17. 'bras bu mi stong skye mi 'gyur/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།མི་སྟོང་དེ་ནི་མ་འགགས་དང།</span><br> | ||
mi stong 'gag | |||
mi stong de ni ma 'gags dang/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།མ་སྐྱེས་པར་ཡང་འགྱུར་བ་ཡིན།།</span><br> | ||
ma skyes | |||
17. /[['bras bu]] [[mi stong]] [[skye]] [[mi 'gyur]]/<br> | |||
/[[mi stong]] [['gag pa]]r [[mi 'gyur ro]]/<br> | |||
/[[mi stong]] [[de ni]] [[ma 'gags]] [[dang]]/<br> | |||
/[[ma skyes pa]]r [[yang]] [['gyur ba]] [[yin]]// | |||
17. Unempty fruit would not be produced; the unempty would not stop. That unempty is unstoppable and also unproducable. | 17. Unempty fruit would not be produced; the unempty would not stop. That unempty is unstoppable and also unproducable. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།སྟོང་པ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་ཞིང།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།སྟོང་པ་ཇི་ལྟར་འགག་པར་འགྱུར།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།སྟོང་པ་དེ་ཡང་མ་འགགས་དང།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།མ་སྐྱེས་པར་ཡང་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | |||
18. stong pa ji ltar skye 'gyur zhing/<br> | 18. /[[stong pa]] [[ji ltar]] [[skye 'gyur]] [[zhing]]/<br> | ||
stong pa ji ltar 'gag | /[[stong pa]] [[ji ltar]] [['gag pa]]r [['gyur]]/<br> | ||
stong pa de yang ma 'gags dang/<br> | /[[stong pa]] [[de yang]] [[ma 'gags]] [[dang]]/<br> | ||
ma skyes | /[[ma skyes pa]]r [[yang]] [[thal bar 'gyur]]// | ||
18. How would empty [fruit] be produced? And how would the empty stop? It follows that that empty too is unstoppable and also unproducable. | 18. How would empty [fruit] be produced? And how would the empty stop? It follows that that empty too is unstoppable and also unproducable. | ||
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[ '''Ts.''' 354 gets round this by saying: "How would fruit which is empty of inherent existence be intrinsically produced? And how would it stop by its own nature?" This adds something that is not there in Nagarjuna in order to conform to Ts's insistence that stong pa ALWAYS means rang bzhin gyis stong pa.] | [ '''Ts.''' 354 gets round this by saying: "How would fruit which is empty of inherent existence be intrinsically produced? And how would it stop by its own nature?" This adds something that is not there in Nagarjuna in order to conform to Ts's insistence that stong pa ALWAYS means rang bzhin gyis stong pa.] | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་གཅིག་ཉིད་དུ།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ནམ་ཡང་འཐད་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་གཞན་ཉིད་དུ།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ནམ་ཡང་འཐད་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ།།</span><br> | |||
19. rgyu dang 'bras bu gcig nyid du/<br> | 19. /[[rgyu dang 'bras bu]] [[gcig nyid]] [[du]]/<br> | ||
nam yang 'thad | /[[nam yang]] [['thad pa]]r [[mi 'gyur ro]]/<br> | ||
rgyu dang 'bras bu gzhan nyid du/<br> | /[[rgyu dang 'bras bu]] [[gzhan nyid]] [[du]]/<br> | ||
nam yang 'thad | /[[nam yang]] [['thad pa]]r [[mi 'gyur ro]]// | ||
19. It is never possible that cause and fruit are identical. It is never possible that cause and fruit are other. | 19. It is never possible that cause and fruit are identical. It is never possible that cause and fruit are other. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་གཅིག་ཉིད་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།བསྐྱེད་བྱ་སྐྱེད་བྱེད་གཅིག་ཏུ་འགྱུར།</span><br> | |||
20. rgyu dang 'bras bu gcig nyid na/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་གཞན་ཉིད་ན།</span><br> | ||
bskyed bya skyed byed gcig tu 'gyur/<br> | |||
rgyu dang 'bras bu gzhan nyid na/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་དང་རྒྱུ་མིན་མཚུངས་པར་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | ||
rgyu dang rgyu min mtshungs par 'gyur/ | |||
20. /[[rgyu dang 'bras bu]] [[gcig nyid]] [[na]]/<br> | |||
/[[bskyed bya]] [[skyed byed]] [[gcig tu 'gyur]]/<br> | |||
/[[rgyu dang 'bras bu]] [[gzhan nyid]] [[na]]/<br> | |||
/[[rgyu]] [[dang]] [[rgyu min]] [[mtshungs par]] [['gyur]]// | |||
20. If cause and fruit were identical, produce and producer would be identical. If cause and fruit were other, cause and non-cause would be similar. | 20. If cause and fruit were identical, produce and producer would be identical. If cause and fruit were other, cause and non-cause would be similar. | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་ཡོད་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུས་ནི་ཅི་ཞིག་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་མེད་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུས་ནི་ཅི་ཞིག་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།།</span><br> | |||
21. 'bras bu ngo bo nyid yod na/<br> | 21. /[['bras bu]] [[ngo bo nyid]] [[yod na]]/<br> | ||
rgyus ni ci zhig skyed par byed/<br> | /[[rgyus]] [[ni]] [[ci zhig]] [[skyed par byed]]/<br> | ||
'bras bu ngo bo nyid med na/<br> | /[['bras bu]] [[ngo bo nyid med]] [[na]]/<br> | ||
rgyus ni ci zhig skyed par byed/ | /[[rgyus]] [[ni]] [[ci zhig]] [[skyed par byed]]// | ||
21. If fruit existed essentially, what would a cause produce? If fruit did not exist essentially, what would a cause produce? | 21. If fruit existed essentially, what would a cause produce? If fruit did not exist essentially, what would a cause produce? | ||
['''Ts.''' 354-5 has the same difficulty as in 16-18 with l. c-d. He explains that a non-inherently existing fruit would not be produced by a cause in the sense that non-inherently existence things are also non-inherently existent. This is another example of '''Ts.''' forcing | ['''Ts.''' 354-5 has the same difficulty as in 16-18 with l. c-d. He explains that a non-inherently existing fruit would not be produced by a cause in the sense that non-inherently existence things are also non-inherently existent. This is another example of '''Ts.''' forcing Nagarjuna into his interpretative scheme. It also shows '''Ts.''' as somewhat "incurable". G. 266 also fudges this difficulty: "from the ultimate standpoint it does not arise."] | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་ཉིད་འཐད་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་ཉིད་འཐད་པ་ཡོད་མིན་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་གང་གི་ཡིན་པར་འགྱུར།།</span><br> | |||
22. skyed par byed pa ma yin na/<br> | 22. /[[skyed par byed pa]] [[ma yin na]]/<br> | ||
rgyu nyid 'thad | /[[rgyu nyid]] [['thad pa]]r [[mi 'gyur ro]]/<br> | ||
rgyu nyid 'thad pa yod min na/<br> | /[[rgyu nyid]] [['thad pa]] [[yod min]] [[na]]/<br> | ||
'bras bu gang gi yin par 'gyur/ | /[['bras bu]] [[gang gi]] [[yin par]] [['gyur]]// | ||
22. If it were not productive, the cause itself would be impossible. If the cause itself were impossible, whose would the fruit be? | 22. If it were not productive, the cause itself would be impossible. If the cause itself were impossible, whose would the fruit be? | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།རྒྱུ་རྣམས་དང་ནི་རྐྱེན་དག་གི།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་པ་གང་ཡིན་དེ་ཡིས་ནི།</span><br> | |||
23. rgyu rnams dang ni rkyen dag gi/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།བདག་གིས་བདག་ཉིད་མི་སྐྱེད་ན།</span><br> | ||
tshogs pa gang yin de yis ni/<br> | |||
bdag gis bdag nyid mi skyed na/<br> | <span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།།</span><br> | ||
'bras bu ji ltar skyed par byed/ | |||
23. /[[rgyu]] [[rnams]] [[dang]] [[ni]] [[rkyen]] [[dag]] [[gi]]/<br> | |||
/[[tshogs pa]] [[gang yin]] [[de]] [[yis]] [[ni]]/<br> | |||
/[[bdag gis]] [[bdag nyid]] [[mi]] [[skyed]] [[na]]/<br> | |||
/[['bras bu]] [[ji ltar]] [[skyed par byed]]// | |||
23. If whatever is a combination of causes and conditions does not produce itself by itself, how could it produce fruit? | 23. If whatever is a combination of causes and conditions does not produce itself by itself, how could it produce fruit? | ||
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<span class=TibUni18>།དེ་ཕྱིར་ཚོགས་པས་བྱས་པ་མེད།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་མིན་བྱས་པའི་འབྲས་བུ་མེད།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།འབྲས་བུ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན།</span><br> | |||
<span class=TibUni18>།རྐྱེན་གྱི་ཚོགས་པ་ག་ལ་ཡོད།།</span><br> | |||
24. de phyir tshogs | 24. /[[de phyir]] [[tshogs pa]]s [[byas pa]] [[med]]/<br> | ||
tshogs min byas pa'i 'bras bu med/<br> | /[[tshogs]] [[min]] [[byas pa]]'i [['bras bu]] [[med]]/<br> | ||
'bras bu yod pa ma yin na/<br> | /[['bras bu yod pa]] [[ma yin na]]/<br> | ||
rkyen gyi tshogs pa ga la yod/ | /[[rkyen]] [[gyi]] [[tshogs pa]] [[ga la yod]]// | ||
24. Therefore, there is no fruit which has been made by combination [or] made by non-combination. If fruit does not exist, where can a combination of conditions exist? | 24. Therefore, there is no fruit which has been made by combination [or] made by non-combination. If fruit does not exist, where can a combination of conditions exist? | ||
tshogs pa brtag pa zhes bya ba ste rab tu byed pa nyi shu pa'o// | _________________________________________ | ||
<span class=TibUni18>།ཚོགས་པ་བརྟག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་སྟེ་རབ་ཏུ་བྱེད་པ་ཉི་ཤུ་པའོ།།</span><br> | |||
/[[tshogs pa]] [[brtag pa]] [[zhes bya ba]] [[ste]] [[rab tu byed pa]] [[nyi shu pa]][['o]]// | |||
[[Category:I]] [[Category:Teachings]] [[Category:Key Terms]] | |||
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Chapter 20. Investigation of Combination
(Combination)
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།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀྱི།
།ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལས་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་ཞིང།
།ཚོགས་ལ་འབྲས་བུ་ཡོད་ན་ནི།
།ཇི་ལྟར་ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལས་སྐྱེ།།
1. /gal te rgyu dang rkyen rnams kyi/
/tshogs pa nyid las skye 'gyur zhing/
/tshogs la 'bras bu yod na ni/
/ji ltar tshogs pa nyid las skye//
1. If a fruit is born from the combination of cause and conditions and exists in the combination, how can it be born from the combination itself?
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།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀྱི།
།ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལས་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་ཞིང།
།ཚོགས་ལ་འབྲས་བུ་མེད་ན་ནི།
།ཇི་ལྟར་ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལས་སྐྱེ།།
2. /gal te rgyu dang rkyen rnams kyi/
/tshogs pa nyid las skye 'gyur zhing/
/tshogs la 'bras bu med na ni/
/ji ltar tshogs pa nyid las skye//
2. If a fruit is born from the combination of cause and conditions and does not exist in the combination, how can it be born from the combination itself?
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།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀྱི།
།ཚོགས་ལ་འབྲས་བུ་ཡོད་ན་ནི།
།ཚོགས་ལ་གཟུང་དུ་ཡོད་རིགས་ན།
།ཚོགས་པ་ཉིད་ལ་གཟུང་དུ་མེད།།
3. /gal te rgyu dang rkyen rnams kyi/
/tshogs la 'bras bu yod na ni/
/tshogs la gzung du yod rigs na/
/tshogs pa nyid la gzung du med//
3. If the fruit exists in the combination of cause and conditions, it would be correct for it to be apprehendable in the combination but it is not apprehendable in the combination.
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།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀྱི།
།ཚོགས་ལ་འབྲས་བུ་མེད་ན་ནི།
།རྒྱུ་རྣམས་དང་ནི་རྐྱེན་དག་ཀྱང།
།རྒྱུ་རྐྱེན་མ་ཡིན་མཚུངས་པར་འགྱུར།།
4. /gal te rgyu dang rkyen rnams kyi/
/tshogs la 'bras bu med na ni/
/rgyu rnams dang ni rkyen dag kyang/
/rgyu rkyen ma yin mtshungs par 'gyur//
4. If the fruit does not exist in the combination of cause and conditions, the causes and conditions would be comparable to non-causes and conditions.
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།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུས་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ལ།
།རྒྱུ་བྱིན་ནས་ནི་འགག་འགྱུར་ན།
།གང་བྱིན་པ་དང་གང་འགགས་པའི།
།རྒྱུ་ཡི་བདག་ཉིད་གཉིས་སུ་འགྱུར།།
5. /gal te rgyus ni 'bras bu la/
/rgyu byin nas ni 'gag 'gyur na/
/gang byin pa dang gang 'gags pa'i/
/rgyu yi bdag nyid gnyis su 'gyur//
5. If the cause stops once it has given the cause to the fruit, there would be a double nature of the cause: one that gives and one that stops.
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།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུས་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ལ།
།རྒྱུ་མ་བྱིན་པར་འགག་འགྱུར་ན།
།རྒྱུ་འགགས་ནས་ནི་སྐྱེས་པ་ཡི།
།འབྲས་བུ་དེ་དག་རྒྱུ་མེད་འགྱུར།།
6. /gal te rgyus ni 'bras bu la/
/rgyu ma byin par 'gag 'gyur na/
/rgyu 'gags nas ni skyes pa yi/
/'bras bu de dag rgyu med 'gyur//
6. If the cause stops without having given the cause to the fruit, those fruits which are born after the cause has stopped would be uncaused.
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།གལ་ཏེ་ཚོགས་དང་ལྷན་ཅིག་ཏུ།
།འབྲས་བུ་ཡང་ནི་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་ན།
།སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་དང་བསྐྱེད་བྱ་གང།
།དུས་གཅིག་པར་ནི་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར།།
7. /gal te tshogs dang lhan cig tu/
/'bras bu yang ni skye 'gyur na/
/skyed par byed dang bskyed bya gang/
/dus gcig par ni thal bar 'gyur//
7. If the fruit were also born at the same time as the combination, it would follow that the producer and the produced would be simultaneous.
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།གལ་ཏེ་ཚོགས་པའི་སྔ་རོལ་དུ།
།འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེས་པར་གྱུར་ན་ནི།
།རྒྱུ་དང་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་མེད་པ་ཡི།
།འབྲས་བུ་རྒྱུ་མེད་འབྱུང་བར་འགྱུར།།
8. /gal te tshogs pa'i snga rol du/
/'bras bu skyes par gyur na ni/
/rgyu dang rkyen rnams med pa yi/
/'bras bu rgyu med 'byung bar 'gyur//
8. If the fruit were born prior to the combination, there would occur an uncaused fruit which has no cause and conditions.
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།གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་འགགས་འབྲས་བུ་ན།
།རྒྱུ་ནི་ཀུན་ཏུ་འཕོ་བར་འགྱུར།
།སྔོན་སྐྱེས་པ་ཡི་རྒྱུ་ཡང་ནི།
།ཡང་སྐྱེ་བར་ནི་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར།།
9. /gal te rgyu 'gags 'bras bu na/
/rgyu ni kun tu 'pho bar 'gyur/
/sngon skyes pa yi rgyu yang ni/
/yang skye bar ni thal bar 'gyur//
9. If [when] a cause stops, it is forever transferred to the fruit, then it would follow that the cause which was born before would be born again.
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།འགགས་པ་ནུབ་པར་གྱུར་པ་ཡིས།
།འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེས་པ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད།
།འབྲས་བུ་དང་ནི་འབྲེལ་བའི་རྒྱུ།
།གནས་པས་ཀྱང་ནི་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད།།
10. /'gags pa nub par gyur pa yis/
/'bras bu skyes pa ji ltar skyed/
/'bras bu dang ni 'brel ba'i rgyu/
/gnas pas kyang ni ji ltar skyed//
10. How can the production of fruit be produced by the stopping and disappearing [of something]? Also how can fruit be produced by related causes which persist with it?
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།ཅི་སྟེ་རྒྱུ་འབྲས་མ་འབྲེལ་ན།
།འབྲས་བུ་གང་ཞིག་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།
།རྒྱུས་ནི་མཐོང་དང་མ་མཐོང་བར།
།འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེད་པར་མི་བྱེད་དོ།།
11. /ci ste rgyu 'bras ma 'brel na/
/'bras bu gang zhig skyed par byed/
/rgyus ni mthong dang ma mthong bar/
/'bras bu skyed par mi byed do//
11. If cause and fruit are not related, what fruit can be produced? Causes do not produce fruits they either see or don't see.
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།འབྲས་བུ་འདས་པ་རྒྱུ་འདས་དང།
།མ་སྐྱེས་པ་དང་སྐྱེས་པ་དང།
།ལྷན་ཅིག་ཕྲད་པར་འགྱུར་པ་ནི།
།ནམ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ།།
12. /'bras bu 'das pa rgyu 'das dang/
/ma skyes pa dang skyes pa dang/
/lhan cig phrad par 'gyur pa ni/
/nam yang yod pa ma yin no//
12. The simultaneous connection of a past fruit with a past, a future and a present cause never exists.
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།འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེས་པ་རྒྱུ་མ་སྐྱེས།
།འདས་པ་དང་ནི་སྐྱེས་པ་དང།
།ལྷན་ཅིག་ཕྲད་པར་འགྱུར་པ་ནི།
།ནམ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ།།
13. /'bras bu skyes pa rgyu ma skyes/
/'das pa dang ni skyes pa dang/
/lhan cig phrad par 'gyur pa ni/
/nam yang yod pa ma yin no//
13. The simultaneous connection of a present fruit with a future, a past and a present cause never exists.
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།འབྲས་བུ་མ་སྐྱེས་རྒྱུ་སྐྱེས་དང།
།མ་སྐྱེས་པ་དང་འདས་པ་དང།
།ལྷན་ཅིག་ཕྲད་པར་འགྱུར་བ་ནི།
།ནམ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ།།
14. /'bras bu ma skyes rgyu skyes dang/
/ma skyes pa dang 'das pa dang/
/lhan cig phrad par 'gyur ba ni/
/nam yang yod pa ma yin no//
14. The simultaneous connection of a future fruit with a present, a future and a past cause never exists.
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།ཕྲད་པ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན།
།རྒྱུས་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད།
།ཕྲད་པ་ཡོད་པ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང།
།རྒྱུས་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད།།
15. /phrad pa yod pa ma yin na/
/rgyus ni 'bras bu ji ltar skyed/
/phrad pa yod pa yin na yang/
/rgyus ni 'bras bu ji ltar skyed//
15. When there is no connection, how can a cause produce fruit? Even when there is connection, how can a cause produce fruit?
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།གལ་ཏེ་འབྲས་བུས་སྟོང་པའི་རྒྱུས།
།ཇི་ལྟར་འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།
།གལ་ཏེ་འབྲས་བུས་མི་སྟོང་རྒྱུས།
།ཇི་ལྟར་འབྲས་བུ་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།།
16. /gal te 'bras bus stong pa'i rgyus/
/ji ltar 'bras bu skyed par byed/
/gal te 'bras bus mi stong rgyus/
/ji ltar 'bras bu skyed par byed//
16. If a cause is empty of fruit, how can it produce fruit? If a cause is not empty of fruit, how can it produce fruit?
[Ts. 353 appears to read stong in this context as simply "absent". This verse and 17-18 indicate N's fluid, non-dogmatic use of the term "empty".]
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།འབྲས་བུ་མི་སྟོང་སྐྱེ་མི་འགྱུར།
།མི་སྟོང་འགག་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ།
།མི་སྟོང་དེ་ནི་མ་འགགས་དང།
།མ་སྐྱེས་པར་ཡང་འགྱུར་བ་ཡིན།།
17. /'bras bu mi stong skye mi 'gyur/
/mi stong 'gag par mi 'gyur ro/
/mi stong de ni ma 'gags dang/
/ma skyes par yang 'gyur ba yin//
17. Unempty fruit would not be produced; the unempty would not stop. That unempty is unstoppable and also unproducable.
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།སྟོང་པ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་ཞིང།
།སྟོང་པ་ཇི་ལྟར་འགག་པར་འགྱུར།
།སྟོང་པ་དེ་ཡང་མ་འགགས་དང།
།མ་སྐྱེས་པར་ཡང་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར།།
18. /stong pa ji ltar skye 'gyur zhing/
/stong pa ji ltar 'gag par 'gyur/
/stong pa de yang ma 'gags dang/
/ma skyes par yang thal bar 'gyur//
18. How would empty [fruit] be produced? And how would the empty stop? It follows that that empty too is unstoppable and also unproducable.
[ Ts. 354 gets round this by saying: "How would fruit which is empty of inherent existence be intrinsically produced? And how would it stop by its own nature?" This adds something that is not there in Nagarjuna in order to conform to Ts's insistence that stong pa ALWAYS means rang bzhin gyis stong pa.]
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།རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་གཅིག་ཉིད་དུ།
།ནམ་ཡང་འཐད་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ།
།རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་གཞན་ཉིད་དུ།
།ནམ་ཡང་འཐད་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ།།
19. /rgyu dang 'bras bu gcig nyid du/
/nam yang 'thad par mi 'gyur ro/
/rgyu dang 'bras bu gzhan nyid du/
/nam yang 'thad par mi 'gyur ro//
19. It is never possible that cause and fruit are identical. It is never possible that cause and fruit are other.
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།རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་གཅིག་ཉིད་ན།
།བསྐྱེད་བྱ་སྐྱེད་བྱེད་གཅིག་ཏུ་འགྱུར།
།རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་གཞན་ཉིད་ན།
།རྒྱུ་དང་རྒྱུ་མིན་མཚུངས་པར་འགྱུར།།
20. /rgyu dang 'bras bu gcig nyid na/
/bskyed bya skyed byed gcig tu 'gyur/
/rgyu dang 'bras bu gzhan nyid na/
/rgyu dang rgyu min mtshungs par 'gyur//
20. If cause and fruit were identical, produce and producer would be identical. If cause and fruit were other, cause and non-cause would be similar.
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།འབྲས་བུ་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་ཡོད་ན།
།རྒྱུས་ནི་ཅི་ཞིག་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།
།འབྲས་བུ་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་མེད་ན།
།རྒྱུས་ནི་ཅི་ཞིག་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།།
21. /'bras bu ngo bo nyid yod na/
/rgyus ni ci zhig skyed par byed/
/'bras bu ngo bo nyid med na/
/rgyus ni ci zhig skyed par byed//
21. If fruit existed essentially, what would a cause produce? If fruit did not exist essentially, what would a cause produce?
[Ts. 354-5 has the same difficulty as in 16-18 with l. c-d. He explains that a non-inherently existing fruit would not be produced by a cause in the sense that non-inherently existence things are also non-inherently existent. This is another example of Ts. forcing Nagarjuna into his interpretative scheme. It also shows Ts. as somewhat "incurable". G. 266 also fudges this difficulty: "from the ultimate standpoint it does not arise."]
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།སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན།
།རྒྱུ་ཉིད་འཐད་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ།
།རྒྱུ་ཉིད་འཐད་པ་ཡོད་མིན་ན།
།འབྲས་བུ་གང་གི་ཡིན་པར་འགྱུར།།
22. /skyed par byed pa ma yin na/
/rgyu nyid 'thad par mi 'gyur ro/
/rgyu nyid 'thad pa yod min na/
/'bras bu gang gi yin par 'gyur//
22. If it were not productive, the cause itself would be impossible. If the cause itself were impossible, whose would the fruit be?
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།རྒྱུ་རྣམས་དང་ནི་རྐྱེན་དག་གི།
།ཚོགས་པ་གང་ཡིན་དེ་ཡིས་ནི།
།བདག་གིས་བདག་ཉིད་མི་སྐྱེད་ན།
།འབྲས་བུ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད།།
23. /rgyu rnams dang ni rkyen dag gi/
/tshogs pa gang yin de yis ni/
/bdag gis bdag nyid mi skyed na/
/'bras bu ji ltar skyed par byed//
23. If whatever is a combination of causes and conditions does not produce itself by itself, how could it produce fruit?
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།དེ་ཕྱིར་ཚོགས་པས་བྱས་པ་མེད།
།ཚོགས་མིན་བྱས་པའི་འབྲས་བུ་མེད།
།འབྲས་བུ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན།
།རྐྱེན་གྱི་ཚོགས་པ་ག་ལ་ཡོད།།
24. /de phyir tshogs pas byas pa med/
/tshogs min byas pa'i 'bras bu med/
/'bras bu yod pa ma yin na/
/rkyen gyi tshogs pa ga la yod//
24. Therefore, there is no fruit which has been made by combination [or] made by non-combination. If fruit does not exist, where can a combination of conditions exist?
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།ཚོགས་པ་བརྟག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་སྟེ་རབ་ཏུ་བྱེད་པ་ཉི་ཤུ་པའོ།།
/tshogs pa brtag pa zhes bya ba ste rab tu byed pa nyi shu pa'o//