Foundation

che la brjid pa big & majestic, large and majestic [JV]

ched du to this end, purposely, again, for, in order to, behalf, sake, for the purpose of, SA ched, purposive connective, before verbs, with intentionality, intentionally, deliberately, on purpose, on the occasion of, for the benefit, to [JV]

ches mang rather large, too many, so many [JV]

chod cut, chop off, decision, partition, wall, cutting, SA gcod pa, to suffice, resolved, severed [JV]

chos kun all that is, all that can be, all experiences, all phenomena, all events,, all dharmas, all the things [JV]

chos skor cycle of teachings, texts [JV]

chos 'chad explaining the doctrine, teaching the dharma [JV]

mched pa effulgence, spread of light, process of unfolding, increase, spread, gain ground, multiply, radiating, develop, increase [JV]

'chad spel cultivate, explain [JV]

'char gzhi intend, plan, plot, project, proposal, scheme, plan, basis, base of manifestation [JV]

'chi bdag bdud devil, lord of death, demon of the lord of death [JV]

ji ltar bya what shall I do?, what to do? [JV]

ji bzhin as regards, just as it is, as it is, how, like what, in its very being, exactly as it is, natural , exactly, in an authentic manner, precisely, just as if, precise, precisely, very precisely [JV]

ji bzhin du accordingly, precisely, correctly, authentic [JV]

ji bzhin rig pa precise knowledge of rigpa, precisely recognizes, authentic rigpa [JV]

je che je che grew larger and larger, more and more [JV]

mjal du 'gro go to visit, walking to meet, going to visit, going to see [JV]

mjug bskyangs continued, concluded with, to continue [JV]

'jam lhod peaceful and relaxed, silent [JV]

'jug sgo approach, entryway, gateway, entrance, lead towards [JV]

rje ba change, barter, give in exchange, take in exchange, shift, pass on, engendering [JV]

rjes 'gro emulate, follow according to [JV]

rjes med without leaving any traces, trackless, without leaving a trace behind, traceless [JV]

ljang skya greenish-white, light green, grayish-green [JV]

brjid pa shine, glitter, splendor, magnificent, majestic, elegant [JV]

brjod pa mention, quote, utter, it is called, speaking [JV]

nyams feeling-sentiment, failures, soul, thought, strength, state, experiences, deteriorate, faults, experiential sign of the development of practice, violation, conviction, transgressor, corruption, corrupted, humiliated, apprehension of ideas, soul, manner, extent, degree, condition, elegance, charm, dignity, meditative experience, mystical experience, corrupted, meditation-mood, meditative moods, moods, diminish, signs-experiences, sign experience, impairments [JV]

nyams chags transgression, corruption, decline, decrement, impairments & breaches [JV]

nyi ma shar sun has risen, sun shines east, sun arises [JV]

nyi ma'i 'od names of the sun's rays (nam mkha' 'jal, 'od chags snang ba, gdung byed, tsha zer, chu 'thung 'od, mtshan mo 'joms, 'od kyi char, kun snang 'bar pa), light of the sun [JV]

nye drung du phyin coming near, went in front of it [JV]

nye gnas male organ, disciple, place nearby, near [JV]

nye bar len pa take up, conflicting emotions, having to put up with what you have, grasping, seize eagerly, strive for earnestly, aspire to, SA nyer len, to grasp at, continually experiencing [JV]

nyes shortcomings, to beat, hit, to beat, hit, danger, faults [JV]

nyes pa wrong doing, blame, faults, crime, slander, evil, misfortune, injurious occurrence, moral fault, offence, commit an offence, punishment, disease, to be in danger of, negative consequences [JV]

nyon mongs bdud devils of passion, demon of emotions [JV]

gnyis med advaya, freedom from duality, formal identity, non-duality, not two, unity, not different, union, matchless, identical, inseparability, indivisible, non-dual, nondual, inseparable, beyond the duality of, where there is no duality, without any duality, without duality, no duality [JV]

gnyis 'dzin holding to two, doubt, unsteadiness, wavering, dualistic fixation, dualistic grasping, grasping at duality, dualistic thinking, tied to dualism, dualistic perception, duality, who are always in dualism, dualism [JV]

mnyam nyid absolute, sameness, equanimity, identity, integration, great equanimity, fundamental alikeness, very sameness, impartiality, evenness, equality, justice, state of absolute identity, 1 of ting 'dzin rnam bzhi, the state of identity, unity, total equality, absolute equality, condition of sameness, state of equality [JV]

mnyam par equally, in the state of equanimity [JV]

mnyam par bzhag steady placement, resting steadily, remain in balance, equipoise, settling down, remain in equanimous contemplation, equanimity of contemplation, remain composed, keep mind composed, remained in they equanimity of contemplation, remained in the equality of contemplation [JV]

mnyam bzhag immediate experience, knowledge by experience into which no concepts enter, transcending awareness of mystic, illumination, to continue in the state, composure, concentration, non-conceptual primordial awareness, period of contemplation, knowledge through immediate experience, concentrative composure, hand gesture of meditative equanimity, settle into naturalness, meditative equipoise, absorption, naturalness, contemplative equipoise, sessions of practice, (for males, back of right hand on left palm with thumbs touching), state of even contemplation, equipoise, evenly composed, equanimity, evenness, remain in the equanimity of contemplation, to settle in the state of the equanimity of contemplation, hands in meditation gesture, remain in contemplation, remain in the equanimity of contemplation [JV]

snyan 'jeb sweet, melodious [JV]

snyan pa'i gsung dbyangs sweet melody, sweet sounding tone [JV]

snyigs ma whetstone, impurity in food, poison in food, impure, sediment, member between two joints, degenerate, residue, sewage, impure, impurities [JV]

snying po byang chub kyi sems bodhicitta of the essence, Bodhichitta essence, essence-bodhichitta [JV]

snyom 'jug absorptions, meditative absorption [JV]

te (stop letter) (affix denoting the gerund, finite tense when followed by 'dug or yod, continuative particle), number 99, gerundive connective, in fact [JV]

gtang give, send, SA gtong ba, to take, reduced to [JV]

gtan med perishable, without duration, no continuation, without a reference point [JV]

gtan tshigs logical, indisputable evidence, syllogism, reason, argument, SA brten nas btags pa'i gtan tshigs, expression of fixed meaning, sign, not deviating from what has been first settled, proof, demonstrated conclusion, logical reason, logical reason, establishing, criteria by which objects of intellectual knowledge are evaluated, logical justification, logical motivations, axiom, line of reasoning [JV]

gtan la phab to explain on the basis of, reach conclusions, reach a conclusion, [JV]

gtan la phab pa decide a question, to settle something, to reach a conclusion, reach conclusions [JV]

gtan la phebs will be established, ascertain, is ascertained [JV]

gtan la phebs pa come to understand, become certain about, to establish certainty, is ascertained, ascertain, have been ascertained [JV]

gtan la 'bebs resolve conclusively, explained and understood, to ascertain, establish, is established [JV]

gtan la ma phebs not established, haven not ascertained that [JV]

gting gsal profound clarity, profound depth of clarity, innermost luminosity [JV]

gtor diffuse, scatter, be strewn, expel, SA 'thor pa, 'thor ba, to destroy, demolish, scattering [JV]

btab transfiguration, sewn, expel, throw, SA 'debs pa, past of 'debs, past of 'debs, splash, to add, expressed [JV]

btab pa mark, SA 'debs pa, 1 of zhing las, to pronounce, to recite, to recite, prayed, gave [JV]

btud bend, bow, SA 'dud pa, bow down [JV]

bton pa drawn from, extracted, to take out, to take off, is caused to manifest, sing [JV]

rten basis, support, object, representation, seat, dwelling place, reliance, base, shrine, sacred, temple, because of, due to, owing to, because, for, working basis (the most precious human body and mind with the 3 kinds of confidence), being-there and being-oneself, situation, substratum, relic in shape of stupa or god that originated from parts of the corpse during cremation, hold, locative case, that which holds or contains or supports a thing, outer abode [JV]

rten khyad par can special basis, special sacred support [JV]

rten 'brel pratityasamutpada, interdependent (causation, origination, causes), functional (correlation, dependence), mutual relationship, interrelation, relativity, dependent arising, relational existence, causal nexus, interconnection, auspicious conjunction of events, 12 links of conditioned co-production (ma rig pa, 'du byed, rnam par shes pa, ming dang gzugs, skye mched drug, reg pa, tshor ba, sred pa, nye bar len pa, srid pa, skye ba, rga zhi), mutually, contributory, omen, diagnosis, circumstances combining to found a judgment, coincidence, sign, auspicious, ceremony, favorable circumstances, auspicious circumstances, ceremony, celebration, omen, interdependence, interdependent conditions, interdependent factors [JV]

rten med houseless, bodiless, no abode, unsupported, which has no support [JV]

rtogs attainment, understanding, comprehensive understanding, intuition, experiential realization, full grasp, thorough comprehension, consider, SA rtog pa, discovers, is understood [JV]

lta rtog theory and examination, management, observation, surveillance, vigil, ward, considerations, examining, examined [JV]

lta ba'i gnad key point of the view, main point of the view, essence of the view [JV]

lta bu resembled, as if [JV]

lta bu be like, to be as, be equal to, likeness, reflected image, image, similar, like, as, is it not the case that, is it not true that, such as, in similar way to, like it had been, and so forth [JV]

lta byed eye, observer [JV]

lte ba'i gnas gzhi central seat, center, main seat [JV]

stabs yag fortunately, luckily, lucky, fortunate, this is fortunate [JV]

ste affix for the gerund, gerundive connective, this is when, that is [JV]

stong pa'i ngang open state, dimension of emptiness, essentiality of voidness, empty condition [JV]

stong phrag mang po hundreds, many thousands [JV]

stong gsal empty cognizance, empty luminosity, empty and cognizant, emptiness and cognizance, emptiness & clarity, empty yet lucid, empty and aware, empty & clear [JV]

stod gos overcoat, upper garment, upper garment of buddhist monks, jacket [JV]

ston pa po demonstrator, explainer, teacher [JV]

brtag pa examined, careful inquiry, minute investigation, inquire into, section, examination, conceptualizing [JV]

brtan stabilizing, 1 of 28 astrological terms for harmony of influence in the destiny of a person, beneficent, on the ground, stable [JV]

brten relations, keep, SA rten pa, because, with the dat-loc+_+nas = basing/based on, depending on, to comply with, by applying, through, is based on, touching, thanks to the [JV]

bstan grub pa have transmitted, having finished teaching [JV]

bstan pa teaching, religion, doctrine, doctrinal teaching, system of doctrines, point out, directed, facing, shown, the doctrine or teaching of the Buddha, demonstration, to treat, to show, reveal, to be indicated by, to disclose, to display, to face toward, to transmit, transmitted, it can be shown that [JV]

bstan pa dam pa supreme teaching, sacred teaching [JV]

bstun pa'i which tallies with, according to, in accordance to [JV]

tha snyad tsam mere stipulation, denotation, designation, proposition, interpretation, conversational counters, nominal sense, the very expressions, mere designations [JV]

tha dad pa distinction, separated, not mixed up together, manifold, difference [JV]

tha ma lower beings, last vile, inferior, poor, humble, last, lowest, uttermost, at the end, lesser type, end [JV]

tha mal original, ordinary, in my ordinary form [JV]

thag chod pa solve, settle, to decide something to be the case, decide, be certain, certainty, surety, evidence, SA thag gcod pa, definitive recognize, definitive recognition, to disperse doubts, become certain, resolve, settle decisively, definitely realize, having the certainty that, gain the certainty that [JV]

thar SA thar thor, to escape, to get free, released [JV]

thig phran small thigles, small circles [JV]

thugs rje karuna, energy, compassion, grace, favor, mercy, blessing, value, compassionate (responsiveness, expression), noble (purpose, heart), generosity, pity, commiseration, responsiveness, felt reality, resonance, omnipresent (compassion, power), potentiality of energy, potentiality of manifestation, potentiality of manifestation of energy (SA gdangs, rol pa, rtsal), 1 of chos gsum, innate compassionate responsiveness, potentiality of one's state, potentiality of compassionate energy, potentiality of compassion-energy, responsiveness, capacity, potentiality, energy-potentiality [JV]

thengs 'gar a few more times, a few times [JV]

thog tu phab pa to communicate the real meaning, inflict, bring down upon [JV]

thog babs thunder, directly as it is in that very moment [JV]

thog mar in the beginning, at first, before, at the beginning of, prima facie, initially, at the beginning, first, first of all [JV]

thogs pa med pa non-obstructive, unhindered, unobstructed, no difficulties, without material obstructions, unimpeded [JV]

thob inner glow, throw, exhortation, receive, SA 'debs pa, wo win, to get, obtain, will be obtained [JV]

thob pa attain, possess, gain control over, accept, get, gain, obtain, receive, suffer, win, acquisition, find, get, become, profit, that which has been obtained, the sum, result of gain, acquire, earn, fare, inherit, win, possession, acquired, to reach, gain, had received [JV]

mtha' grol unbounded, liberated from extremes, free from extremes, liberated from all limitations, limitations self-liberate [JV]

mtha' grol chen po great liberation from all limits, total liberation from limitations, total state in which all limitations self-liberate [JV]

mtha' dbus border & center, periphery and center [JV]

mtha' med without limitations, boundless, unlimited, without end, infinite [JV]

mtha' med pa endless, eternal, everlasting, endless [JV]

mtha' las 'das beyond limitations, beyond extremes, transcending all extremes [JV]

mthar beyond, to the limit, ultimately, finally, at last, in the end, lastly, finally, in conclusion, to the very last, wholly, altogether, after, behind, finally, at last, in the end, to conclude, finality, at the end, until finally [JV]

mthing kha deep blue, azure blue, light blue, blue, sky-blue [JV]

mthing sngon a blue stone used in medicine, lapis lazuli, blue [JV]

mthing zhun a place on the tibetan-chinese frontier, molten blue, molten azurite [JV]

mthing shog dark blue paper, sky-blue paper [JV]

mtho dman height, high & low, height, levels, higher and lower [JV]

mtho rim high level, university [JV]

da snga before, in the past, previously [JV]

da lta lam sang at once, now right away, right now [JV]

dang ldan pa possessed of, provided with, possessing, having, endowed with [JV]

dang 'brel related to, joined with, "together with" connective, connected to [JV]

dam chos noble doctrine, holy dharma, supreme teaching [JV]

dam pa true, pure, just right, together (bodily tactile), reliable, solid, decent, real, ultimately real, sublime, most excellent, worthy person, worthwhile, holy persons, learned, best, sacred, sanctity, excellent, superior, best, steady, firm, tight, holy, deceased, the late, holiness, the good, the late, the deceased, supreme state, authentic, elevated, supreme [JV]

dal cig once, a moment, a while, for awhile, for awhile [JV]

dud kha having the color of smoke, family, household, smoke-emitters, chimney, smoky brown, dark brown [JV]

dus chen festival, solar terms, season, fete, holiday, festival, holiday, occasion, anniversary [JV]

dus ston periodical feast, ceremony, festival, holiday, festival, anniversary [JV]

dus de tsam zhig na at that moment, at about the same time [JV]

dus babs appointed time, natural course of events, such a timely method, so timely, appropriate time [JV]

dus med no occasion, endless, time never arrives, never, will never [JV]

de ga that, that one, precisely so, just so, that itself, this itself [JV]

de sngon previously, in the past, before [JV]

de rjes su subsequently, then, it was followed by [JV]

de thog tu from the start, in that state itself, in that state [JV]

de nas secondly, then, after that, afterwards, from there, thence, then, after that, next, from that time onwards [JV]

de nas bzung since that time, from then onwards, from that point onwards [JV]

de bas na therefore, hence, thus, so then, accordingly, therefore, consequently, now then, so, for this reason [JV]

de tshe at that time, now, at this, at that moment, in that moment [JV]

de'i tshe at that time, then, at that point [JV]

der 'dus gathering there, assembled there [JV]

do dam pa supervisor, overseer, authorized person, manager, custodian [JV]

don rgya chen po immense benefit, immense benefit, enormous benefit [JV]

dwangs bcud luminous essence, luminescent nectar, pure essences [JV]

dwangs pa clean & polished glare, SA dwangs, revive spirit, become limpid, limpid [JV]

drag po acute, intense, cruel, ruthless, stern, severe, terrible, sharp, violent, radical, fierce, fearful, terrific deity, immediacy, ardent, subjugation, wrathful activity, drastic, enemy, intense wrath, wrathful, type of lha, fierce, harsh, strong, destroying, 1 of 4 'phrin las bzhi, ferocity, suppress with some force, strong, atrocious [JV]

dran tho bkod pa to write down notes, to write down notes, write down some notes [JV]

dran tho rags tsam brief notes, rough notes [JV]

dran gsos to remember, remembered, recognized [JV]

dri ma impure, smell, defilements, odor, scent, filth, excrement, manure, interlocutory month in the lunar calendar, impurities [JV]

dri med vimala, the stainless one (2nd level), immaculate, pure, without smell, odorless, bright, flawless [JV]

dris asked, an interrogation, ask, SA dri ba, past of 'dri, intimately bound up with [JV]

dha thim symbol's dissolved, esoteric utterance marking the end of a visionary revelation [JV]

dhar (not in DAS) [JV]

dhu (not in DAS) [JV]

dhu ti central life-vein in the human body, central channel, channels [JV]

dhu tir tshud enter the central channel [JV]

gdangs radiance, lustre, (primordial, inner, natural) glow, self-radiance, (ultimate, subtle) clarity, resonance, creativity, actuality, lucid manifestation, incessant creativity, SA mdangs, dwangs, luminous nature, inner ultimate, subtle force, profundity, chant (slow & formal with syllables extended), manifestation, open tune, tone or pitch of one's voice, music, harmony, melody, forehead, the very nature of energy, capacity of energy to manifest its own nature just as a crystal which is put into a colored cloth reveals the qualities by which it is characterized, past of gdang, primary energy of potentiality of manifestation, SA thugs rje, translucency, primal manifestation of energy, Dang energy, sound, Dang [JV]

gdung beam, pedigree, spiritual descent, bones, remains of deceased, person, family, descendants, 1 of 5 signs of attainment at death, pea-size white ones, colored pea-size to mustard-seed ones, large hard relics, exceptional remains of fully enlightened beings, funerary mounds, afflictions, legacy [JV]

gdong face, the front, clan, faces, facing [JV]

gdon issue, utter, evil spirit, demon causing disease, certainty, surety, possessed by, 360 demons, expel, SA 'don pa, negative spirits, negative energies, ghost, evil spirit, demon, SA 'byung po'i gdon, smyo byed kyi gdon, brjed byed kyi gdon, gza' yi gdon, klu'i gdon, provocations of energy in the sense of disturbances tied to the individual's psychoenergetic dimension, refers both to the classes of beings that cause disturbances and the disturbances themselves, to doubt, implies the process of the formation of doubt, negative provocations, provocations of negative energy, provocations of energy, energy-provocations [JV]

gdos bcas material, corporeal, materiality [JV]

bdag po lord, master, owner, proprietor, spouse, husband, companion for life, dominance, environment, boss, proprietor, owner, guardian, entity [JV]

bdag med anatman, without self, non-individuality, not-self, non-entitativeness, non-existence of an ontological principle, without any individuality of its own, (two aspects are chos kyi bdag med, gang zag gi bdag med), (realization that the constituting elements are unwarranted as ultimate entities and incapable of resisting criticism), voidity, emptiness, the quality of being not absolute, unowned, forlorn, friendless, vagabond, selflessness, (there is nothing that makes anything what it is), derelict, wild, devoid of identity, insubstantiality, absence of a self, without any self, no self-entity [JV]

bdag 'dzin belief in a pure ego, belief in self, grasping at a self, selfishness, clinging to the I, egotism, apprehended selfhood, apprehension of self, ego-clinging, ego, ego-fixation, self-grasping, sense of I, grasping at a self, grasping at the reality of, self-clinging [JV]

bde drod bliss-warmth, pleasure and heat [JV]

bde ba dam pa great happiness, supreme happiness [JV]

bde bar bsdad to sit at ease, sat down comfortably, comfortably sitting, sat down comfortably, sat down at ease [JV]

bden par zhen believe in the reality of, believe in their reality and being attached [JV]

mdun lcog table in front of deity, table in front [JV]

mdo sutra, discourse, axiom, rule, lower part of valley, crossroads, conjunction, meeting place, short sentence, text, 1 of 12 gsung rab yan lag, scripture, discourse, junction [JV]

'das pa surpass, overtake, surmount, exceed, after time has elapsed, transcend, bygone, past, past tense, 1 of dus gsum, to deviate from, to transcend, beyond [JV]

'di lta ste to wit, that is to say, for example, for instance, such as, in this way, like this, this is what was written, in the following way [JV]

'di bzhin du likewise, in this way [JV]

'dir here, here, here, at this, in our case, here instead, in a particular, so now, to this point, at this point, to this place [JV]

'du khang assembly hall, congregation hall, hall [JV]

'du gnas house, the world, place where many live huddled together, pen, fold, cattle enclosure, assembly hall, place [JV]

'du byed conditioned existence, formation, impulses, karmic formations, power of thought, volition aspects of being caught up in a situation, conditioned events, compositional factors, formation of karma, SA 'du byed pa, mental formations, formative action, impulses of mental action, functions, action, function [JV]

'du 'bral subtract from or add to, union or separation, come together or separate [JV]

'du 'bral med pa no union nor separation, beyond union or separation, nothing can be added or subtracted, non-fusability and inseparability, can't be constructed or taken apart [JV]

'debs throw, explain, establish, puncheon tool, to plant, sow, gave, giving [JV]

'doms induce, explain, private parts, SA 'dom pa, fathom [JV]

'dra ba corresponding to, similar to, likeness, seemingly, be like, resemble, it seems, as if, same, alike, resemble, like similar to, very near to, to be similar to, sort of, just like, something like a, such a, which looked as if, sort of a, what seemed to be, looked like [JV]

'dra ba zhig something like, it looked like, what seemed to be [JV]

'dra zhig byung I had the feeling that, it seemed like [JV]

rdul phra rab atoms, minute particle, indivisible particle, minute particles of matter, atomic particles [JV]

rdul bral salvation, emancipation, stainless [JV]

rdo rje snying po heart of enlightenment, place where Buddha attained enlightenment, vajra essences [JV]

rdo rje g.yu sgron ma Dorje Yudrîn, Dorje Yudronma [JV]

rdo la gser zhun pure gold extracted from ore, 1 of 5 earlier translated sems sde tantras, earlier translated sems sde tantra, Gold Refined from Ore, 1 of snga 'gyur lnga, 1 of 82 sems phran according to sog bzlog pa blo gros rgyal mtshan [JV]

rdol ba come forth, make its appearance, come up, be revealed, erupt, puncture, welling forth [JV]

lder bzo image, statue, figures modelled of clay, clay, statue made of clay [JV]

ldog pa differentiating attributes, revert, come back, return, go home, send back, change, turn away, reciprocal, mutual, each separately, isolate, reverse, different aspects, isolated factors, reverse order, contradict, absent, aspects [JV]

sdig scorpion, disservice, negativities, negativity [JV]

sdig pa bsags pa sinner, accumulation of negativities [JV]

sdig pa'i las evil deeds, negative actions [JV]

sdod khang residence, living place, dormitory, hostel, accommodation, domicile, villa, room [JV]

brda khrol decode, decipher the symbols [JV]

brda phyag sign of salutation, salutation [JV]

brdas SA 'ded, through the symbol [JV]

bsdad remain, sit, SA sdod pa, past of sdod, sat down, was sitting [JV]

bsdus pa abbreviated, gathered around, abridged, brief, summarized, encompassed, gathering [JV]

na bun bzhin like mist, just like mist [JV]

nag nyil blackish liquid, black fluid [JV]

nang bcud inner essence, beings inhabiting spyi snod, internally for beings, beings who are the inner contents [JV]

nang stong pa nyid nothingness with regard to the internal, inner emptiness [JV]

nang gsal inner (luminous clarity, clarity, luminosity, light), clear inside, lucid, elucidation, attired in colored cloth or woven silk, inner luminosity, internal luminosity, inner lucidity, manifesting inside [JV]

nan tan du earnestly, with all one's effort, intently [JV]

nam mkha' sky, heaven, space element, spaciousness, spaciality, space, (2 kinds (enclosed space like hole in nose, absolute space = asamskrita, not mathematical space), thread cross which harmonizes the energy of the five elements, ordinary space [JV]

nam tho rengs at dawn, in the early morning [JV]

nam yang langs dawn, the day had dawned [JV]

nam langs daybreak, 1 of 12 dus tshod, to be dawn, dawn, day breaks, the day was dawning [JV]

nus mthu supreme final potentiality, power, ability, experience,able, competent, very powerful, efficacious, species of amaranth, occult powers [JV]

gnad (main, key, essential, crucial) point, practice, essence, the most important decisive thing, the very nature, pith, heart, quintessence, technique, essential, way, the point is, fundamental points, specific points, methods, crucial importance, main point, main points, key point, key points, method, pith-instruction, crucial method [JV]

gnad kyi gdams pa key instruction, essential teaching [JV]

gnad don proper meaning, the pith of the matter, real meaning of the essential point, real meaning [JV]

gnad byang inner prophetic guide, main points [JV]

gnam gzer thunderbolt, lightning, decisive experience [JV]

gna' dus su in the past, in the past [JV]

gnas situation, stabilization, one's status, locale, sacred lands, site, home, abode, be at peace with, location, duration, stay, presence, place, chapter, keep, static, center of teaching, inherence, section, maintenance, (indicates some temporary stableness), abiding, come to rest, sacred ground, state, spot, locality, spot, piece of ground, swelling place, temporary lodging, holy place, place of pilgrimage, monastery, clerical dignity, religious personage, object, heading, point, division, sphere, province, 1 of gnas pa dgu, seat, repository, environments, dwelling place, remain, to dwell in, abide in, dwells in, dimension, dimension, area, dwells, remain [JV]

gnas khang dwelling, house, hall [JV]

gnas gyur transform, transformation, to change, changed [JV]

gnas pa place, stationary, remain, preoccupied with, to be established, calm state, continuity, dwell, stableness, subsistence, stabilization, maintain, stay with, exists, have existed as, exist, in, abide, being, contain, last, situated, subsist, tarry, sit, be placed, be in force, continue to exist, reside, stay, remain, continue, adhere to, persevere, religious exercise, monastic function, devotions, SA ldan pa, bstan pa, 1 of ting 'dzin rnam bzhi, state of calm, is contained in, to sustain, find oneself in the state of, state of calm, to be established, quiescent, to be based upon, to be perceived as, abide, live in, to depend upon, remain in that way, dwelling, confined to, endowed with, dwelling in a place [JV]

gnas med without an abode, not something, with no abode, beyond any concept of, without a place, no context for [JV]

gnas yul address, pilgrimage places, seats, dimension, quiet place, place [JV]

gnas lugs natural (situation, condition of things, state, state of all things), essential nature, mode of subsistence, mode of abiding, reality, being, real (disposition, being, existence), genuine (existence, deep-structuring), existential presence, circumstances, condition, situation, principle, truth, haeceity, presence, being-oneself, being-in-itself, primordial experience of being, the fact of being, blunt fact of existence, things as they are, SA dngos po'i gnas lugs, absolute nature, situation, condition, fundamental nature, actuality, enduring condition, true essence, natural state, true nature, way of abiding, real mode, real nature, real condition [JV]

gnas lugs don the thing-in-itself, bare haeceity of an object, authenticity, real nature [JV]

gnas su 'gyur ba come to a place, arrive at, changes [JV]

gnod byed those who inflict injury, those who cause harm, maleficent [JV]

mnal las sad to be woken up, woke up from the dream, was woken up, woke up, woke me up [JV]

mnal sad woke up, wake up [JV]

rnam rgyal sgar rdzogs chen 'dus sde in Australia, Namgyalgar [JV]

rnam dag impeccable, completely pure, nonconceptual, transformation, quite pure, most holy, state of purity, very pure, thoroughly cleansed, a chaitya on the site of which buddha cut off his locks to renounce world, total purity, original purity, to purify, totally purified, pure forms, utterly pure [JV]

rnam snang chos bdun 7 venerable sermons of vairocana, 7 point posture of vairocana (crossed legs, hands in fists or right over left or on knees, shoulders raised and slightly forward, spine straight, chin tucked slightly toward throat, tongue tip touching palate, eyes unblinking and unwavering 12 finger-breadths from tip of nose), seven dharmas of Vairocana, sevenfold posture of Vairochana (legs in full lotus, spine straight, shoulders broadened, neck slightly bent, hands in gesture of equanimity, the tip of tongue touching the palate, the gaze placed in the direction of the nose), Vairochana position with seven characteristics, seven-fold Vairochana posture [JV]

rnam par rgyal to be completely victorious, complete victory over, achieves complete victory over [JV]

rnal du dbab pa settle into the natural state, resting in naturalness, to bring into the natural state, relax in the natural condition [JV]

rnal 'byor zab mo deep yoga, profound yoga [JV]

sna drangs take the lead, having taken the lead of, leader, conductor, led by [JV]

snang ba abhasa, form, phenomenality, appearance, presentation, apparent, light, presence, impression, material vision, daylight, karmic vision, arise, make its presence felt, to appear, to manifest, what appears, experience, that which is experienced, that which is directly experienced, how things appear, to make itself felt, brightness, lustre, glare, objective appearance, thing seen, apparition, visual seeing, one's sight, faculty of vision, thought, idea, notion, conception, attainments, intellectual illumination, emit light, shine, be bright, be seen, be perceived, show oneself, apparent, conscious, regard, seem, visualization, how things appear, vision, manifestation, apparent phenomena, phenomena, perceptions, perceptual experience, displays, perceptions, appearing [JV]

snang ba cog bzhag 1 of cog bzhag, state of relaxation of the vision (visions of phenomenal reality are recognized in a state of presence and clarity beyond dualistic judgement), chogzhag of vision [JV]

snang ba mched pa increase of light, vision develops, develops vision [JV]

snang ba'i yul apparent object, appearing object, objects of vision, object of vision [JV]

snang tshul feeling, sense, phenomenon, outward appearance of landscape or scenery, appearance, manifestation, appearance, look, the way of appearing [JV]

snang yul (apparent, appearing,-) object, concretization of presence into an object, percept, things that appear, the thing which is apparent, sense objects which are perceived, appearance of objects, objects of vision, realm of appearance [JV]

snang srid all phenomenal existence, universe, the world of appearances and the fictions about it, appearances & existences, life forms & their experiences, beings and their worlds, appearances & beings, visible, external world appearance and existence, phenomenal world, animate and inanimate universe, universe and beings, all that appears and that exists, the universe and existence, world of appearances and possibilities, apparitional existence, worlds and beings, appearance and existence, phenomena & beings, universe [JV]

snang srid thams cad all phenomena of the animate and inanimate universe, all the inanimate and animate universe [JV]

snod bcud container world and the living beings in it, the world as vessel and the sentient beings as its content, universe and its inhabitants, material world and its inhabitants, environments & their inhabitants, world of inanimate and sentient beings, environment and inhabitants, animate and inanimate worlds, all the universe and beings, all the animate and inanimate world, vase & substance, universe, world and its beings, universe and its beings, dimensions and beings, universe of dimensions and beings, universe with its beings, the world as container and the beings as its contents [JV]

snod bcud thams cad animate and inanimate universe, all dimensions and beings [JV]

pas na because connective, since [JV]

dpa' mo heroine, a yaksha queen, Pamos [JV]

dpe snying ancient manuscript, ancient text [JV]

dpe don example and meaning, examples and meanings [JV]

dpe med beyond analogy, city in ancient india, incomparable [JV]

spyi gzhi common ground, universal base, universal basis, common basis [JV]

spyod lam morality, course of life, way of acting, deportment (walking, standing, sitting, lying down), behavior, daily activities, attitude [JV]

sprad past of sprod, gave, handed, offered, gave [JV]

spro bsdu emanate and resolve, proliferation and resolution [JV]

spros pa'i mtha' brgyad 8 limiting conceptual constructs, conceptually constructed limitations, eight conceptual limitations [JV]

spros bral nisprapanca, ineffability, beyond judgment, free from (mental proliferation, mental or verbal formulation, construction, intellectual elaboration, discursiveness, complexities), associated with mahashunya, non-conceptualization and non-verbalization, non-diffusion, non-concretization of things, undispersed spirituality, unconstructed, simplicity, unconditioned, free from extremes of elaboration, SA rnal 'byor rnam bzhi, transcend concepts, freedom from limiting constructs, free of concepts, free of conceptual elaborations, beyond conceptual limits, unformulated, non-conceptual, beyond conceptual constructs [JV]

pha rol tu next, beyond, outside, abroad, to the other side, on the other side [JV]

phar phar indirectly, eventually, later on, ahead [JV]

phar phar 'gro walk away from, walking ahead [JV]

phar phar phyin pa to start walking, went farther ahead [JV]

phar tsam na a short distance in front, a short distance away, across from, nearby [JV]

phar tsam na on the other side of, a little way off, on the other side of the place [JV]

phar tsam bslebs pa gone quite a way, went a little farther [JV]

phal cher mostly, near, probably, approximately, about, i am afraid, i think, roughly, nearly, almost, as if, seemingly, as a rule, generally, for the most part, majority of people, usually, many, majority, plenty, enough, likely, may, probably, almost, mainly, most of the, nearly all, almost all, perhaps, most probably, maybe [JV]

phug pa chen po big cave, big cave, large cave [JV]

phung khams aggregates and constituents, aggregates & sense constituents [JV]

phebs pa to attune, came to [JV]

phyag folding one's hands, hand, salutation, reverence, do homage, bow down, hands [JV]

phyag mchod salutation & worshipping, prostrations & offerings [JV]

phyag dbang zhus pa to request a hand blessing, asked him to bless us with his hands, asked to be blessed with his hand [JV]

phyi stong pa nyid nothingness with regard to the external, outer emptiness [JV]

phyi yul foreign land, outer objects [JV]

phyin pa pass, cross, go through, set out, go, reach, come to, arrive at, having reached [JV]

phyir thon projection, to come out from, to come out of, went out of [JV]

phyir phyogs having the face turned back, disinclined towards, regardless of, turn one's back on [JV]

phyis late, last, at the back, behind, to the rear, rag, scrap of cloth, be late, SA 'phyi ba, be wiped off, SA 'byi ba, to wipe, no more [JV]

phyogs contrast with, extreme, opposites, partial, directions, part, conducive to, logical form, set, aspect, respect, side, cardinal points, separate, orientations, base, side, outskirts, interests, benefits, party, about, lately, limits, surface, place, should be prepared, direction, "manner of" construction, part, limited aggregation, cycle, towards [JV]

phyogs kun tu in all directions, every part of [JV]

phyogs mtha' limitations, end of the world, ultimate aim, final use, limited views, from other countries [JV]

phyogs pa to turn to a side, to become partial, to be conducive to, go aside, diverge, turn, become visible, make evident, face, be evidently attached to, strongly turned towards, partisan, adherent, to turn towards, directed towards [JV]

phyogs lhung partiality, tendency, tend, limitations, SA chags sdang, partitions, biased, partialities [JV]

phyogs lhung bral ba without falling into limitations, beyond all partialities, beyond all limitations [JV]

phran little, trifle, trifling, part of the body, knives used in surgery, I, minor [JV]

'phel 1 of 28 astrological terms for harmony of influence in the destiny of a person, flourish, to increase, multiply, develop, expand, will increase, development [JV]

'phrad pa meet, touch, knock against, run into, come across, interview, meet together, confront, encounter, to discover, having contact with [JV]

'phral du at once, immediately, quickly, suddenly, "as soon as" clause connective, for use before verbs, at a given moment [JV]

'phro 'du projection and withdrawal, radiation and reabsorption, to send out and re-absorb light, radiation and re-absorption, expansion and re-absorption, expansion and absorption, spreading and reabsorbing [JV]

ban chung novice, pupil in a monastery, insignificant bande [JV]

babs occurrences, occurring, descend, taking, assuming, SA 'bab pa, babs pa, past of 'bab, to fall, land, come down, descend, in accordance with some verbal action, settled [JV]

bar ma intermediate, open possibility, middle tone in music, middle one of three things, dancing woman, waist zone of the body, (those for whom we have) neutral (feelings), neutral [JV]

bu children, son, offspring, boy, maiden, sonny, child, copy of any document, son, young boy, disciples, indicates male in modern Tibetan, but included both sexes in ancient times, followers, individual [JV]

bem stong impotent, nothingness, nihilistic, emptiness, inanimate substance, blank emptiness, mere vacuum [JV]

bod yig dbu can Tibetan uchen script, Tibetan Uchen characters [JV]

bor throw, SA 'bor ba, 'bor, to lose, past of 'bor, to cast aside, to cast away, abandon [JV]

bya btsal exertion,action and seeking [JV]

bya lam sky, bird's flight, bird flying in the sky, path of a bird [JV]

byang phyogs su northerly, facing north [JV]

byas na if, if it is done, when done, well then, if that is so [JV]

byin can magnificent, splendid, brilliant, powerful [JV]

byung gnas 'gro arrival, remaining and departure, arise, dwell & disappear [JV]

bye brag sna tshogs most varied forms, various and different kinds [JV]

byed pa move, act, get, work, handle, make, do, proceed, go ahead, go on, start work, touch, becomes, over-all effectiveness, initiative (aspect of basic cause situation), SA rgyu rkyen, make, manufacture, cause, force to do anything, bring about, perform, copulate, (emphasis for verbs), style, denominate, tell, mention, the person that does a thing, doer, performer, author, the doing, dealings, diagrams, render, actions, to embark upon, to act upon, what is considered, the consideration of [JV]

byed las function, activities, actions [JV]

byon pa SA 'byon pa, arise, manifested out of, had appeared [JV]

bla ma bka' drin gracious guru, kind lama [JV]

bla ma mchog chief lama, supreme guru [JV]

bla ma dam pa master, authentic teacher, sacred master [JV]

bla mtsho lake where gods and nagas live, Latso (lake in yid lhung in khams) [JV]

blo thag chod the matter is decided, deliberation is cut off, conviction, resolved [JV]

blo mthun comrade, having the same opinions, comrade, agreed, agreement [JV]

blo 'das transcendence, beyond mind, beyond the intellect, transcendence of concepts, nothingness, transcending conception by the intellect, beyond concepts, beyond conceptual mind [JV]

bha ?? where in dictionary, capable of carrying heavy burdens [JV]

bha ke ra kud town in country of tamal [JV]

bha ga vagina, SA dbyings, primordial source, womb [JV]

bha ga na fairy [JV]

bha dra la SA bha dra la'i phye ma [JV]

bha ra ta actor, stage player, king [JV]

bha ra na indian buddhist pandit about 61 Ad [JV]

bha len dra country varendra, north bengal [JV]

bhang ga la eastern bengal [JV]

bhang ba'i tung bar entreaty, application of perfumes [JV]

bhang ba'i tung bar byas invitation [JV]

bhan dha skull, cranium [JV]

bha' inspiration [JV]

bhu mixed [JV]

bhe ka toad [JV]

dbang gis because, for, therefore, so, by, by dint of, by means of, in virtue of, in consequence of, the causal connective, due to, according to whether, through the power of [JV]

dbang chen great initiation, indra, running water, god of water, epithet of paracu rama [JV]

dbang du gyur ba be subservient to, be obedient to, mastery of [JV]

dbu drangs at the beginning, on top [JV]

dbus center, midst, core, mid, middle, SA dkyil, name of central province of tibet, center, middle, at the center of, in the center of, central [JV]

'bur du dod pa carved in relief, carved in relief [JV]

'bru syllable, seed, letter, dig, chisel, examine, corn, grain, granule, grain of anything, particle, piece, characters [JV]

'brug sgra thundering, thunderclap [JV]

'brel "together with" clause connective, the "according to" clause connective, linked to, connecting [JV]

'brel ba connection, conjunction, agreement, contact, relation, relationship, related, adhere together, combine, become connected, meet together, alliance, communication, pertain, contact, linked to, combine with, consisting of [JV]

sba secret, hidden, SA sba wa, tu bury, hide [JV]

sbyong practice, purifications, dispelling [JV]

sbyong ba clean, remove by cleansing, clear away, take away, subtract, exercise, train, purify, refining away, to loosen, process of purification, purification, dispelling, purifications [JV]

ma grub not created, not made of anything, not to be found if inquired into, unproven, indefinable, is not something concrete, there is no, does not exist, cannot be deemed, cannot be defined as,, to be devoid of, not existent, has never existed, not concretely exist, there is no, could never be, nothing can be, it has no, there being no, does not exist as, do not exist, not to be found, no-existent [JV]

ma grub pa not existing, to be devoid of, not find anything concrete, has never existed, not comprised of, being free from, has never existed, not concretely exist, there is no, could never be, nothing can be, it has no, there being no, does not exist as, do not exist, not to be found [JV]

ma 'gags pa indestructibility, unbroken, unimpeded, incessant, unobstructed, uninterrupted, unceasing, anirodha, unconfined, unconfined, unobstructed, without interruption [JV]

ma bcad unshaken, uncut, unhappened, without any decision [JV]

ma bcos pa natural, dry ground, unaltered, not improved, not trying to correct, uncontrived, unmodified [JV]

ma gtogs pa except, besides, not belonging to, not included in [JV]

ma dag pa impure, inaccurate, incorrect, impurity [JV]

ma ning other beings, eunuch, hermaphrodite who is neither man nor woman, without sexual distinction, unable to beget, barren, childless, neutral, neutral (condition) [JV]

ma 'phros not to wander off, has never been created [JV]

ma 'ongs future (time), future tense, for the future [JV]

ma rig pa avidya, unknowing, ignorance, lack of rigpa, mibp 72, unawareness, imperceptive, extrinsic perception, dimmed intrinsic awareness, unenlightenment, deluded mind, nonrecognition of awareness, unawareness, not notice, to not recognize, not recognized [JV]

mak ti ka a kind of mercury used in the alchemical process [JV]

mak si sa a kind of mercury used in the alchemical process [JV]

mang great quantity, more, abundance [JV]

mang nyung quantity, quantity, amount, number, abundance and scarcity [JV]

man ngag secret method, upadesha, instruction, guidance, secret instruction, teaching, religious advice, direction, (rdzas, sngags, sman, bsgom pa, 'don pa, bzo byed), same as sngags for common people, esoteric instructions, texts which are derived from the experiences of the practice of the masters and which are transmitted secretly, oral instructions, secret oral instruction, direct transmission, pith instructions [JV]

mal nas langs got out of bed, got up [JV]

mi 'gyur unchangeable, steady, it would never happen, never become, does not become [JV]

mi 'gyur ba unchanging, continuous, unchangeable, SA chen po lnga, stable, immutable, not be deemed, it would never happen, never become, does not become [JV]

mi mngon pa king, ruler, could not be seen, invisible [JV]

mi gnyis not two, not dual, not separate from, non dual [JV]

mi 'da' not depart, not beyond [JV]

mi 'da' heaven, sky, gun, is not something beyond, not being beyond [JV]

mi 'da' ba to find oneself in, not passing over or beyond, not transgressing, to not forsake, to never separate from, never beyond, without departing from [JV]

mi 'dug haven't, not exist, unable [JV]

mi gnas pa vacillating, unsteady, fickle, evanescent, not remaining at a place steadily, unfixed, nonabiding, not dwelling on anything at all, not abide in any specific way, never dwelt anywhere, not dwelling in a place [JV]

mi snang ba invisible (-, referent), not (present, to be seen, be, have), vanish, vanishing, gone away, invisible, not appearing [JV]

mi 'phro stagnant, is not being created [JV]

mi dmigs pa non-objectifiable, non-referential, inconceivable, state free of concepts, beyond concepts, cannot be conceived, nothing can be conceived, not conceptually focusing [JV]

mi rtsol not dependent upon effort, absence of effort [JV]

mi tshad size of a full-grown man, not having enough, not resting satisfied, SA mi brtan po, ma zad, not enough, SA ma zad, human-sized [JV]

mi gzhan pa others, not different from [JV]

mi g.yo continuous, unshakable, that never moves, sky, unperturbed, is not moving, imperturbable, does not move, non-movement, never moves from [JV]

mi g.yo ba unswerving, unshaking, no tendency to ripple, the unmoved, unmoving, changeless, not agitated, mountain, not leaning toward one or the other, "the unshakable one" (8th level), steady, firm, unwavering stage, state of no disturbance, 1 of ting 'dzin rnam bzhi, imperturbability, unperturbed, unperturbed state, immutable, not waver from, non-movement, not moving, immovable [JV]

mi sems people's minds, not think, do not think that, one should not consider, one should not think that [JV]

mi slob pa not a pupil, arhat, not necessary to train again, already disciplined, not learning [JV]

mi gsal ba indistinct, blurred, obscured, unclear, lack of clarity [JV]

min pa except, be without, be not, not only in, negation [JV]

mug illegitimate children, impure condition of the birth of an illegitimate child, unhappy, famine, sadness [JV]

med snang paradox of a presence without anything present, SA med bzhin snang ba, that manifest even though they do not exist, clearly apparent without truly existing [JV]

med pa non-existent (nothing, not relation; 1 of 4 dam tshig), lack, be short, of no real existence, lack identity, nothing, without, devoid, negative of yod pa and red pa, be not, not to be, be without, not to have, devoid of any substance, non-being, cannot be reduced to, not something concrete, to be devoid of, absence, ineffability, nonexistence, nonexistent, is irrelevant [JV]

med pa gsal snang illusions, clearly apparent yet ineffable, non-existent clear appearance [JV]

med par 'gyur become nothing, to come to be without, to come into the state of not existing, disappear [JV]

med bzhin du snang ba appearance of the non-existent, appears although having no existence [JV]

mos ldan devoted, respectful, unflagging faith, interested [JV]

dmar ser disk of the sun, halo surrounding the sun, reddish-yellow, honey-colored, orange, orange-colored [JV]

dmigs intention, visualization, intention of the mind, see, visible, visualization, imagination, frame of mind, mind on one point, consciousness, idea, attainment, perception, acceptance, concentrating steadfastly, concepts, fixation, visualize [JV]

dmigs pa objective support, basis, reference, epistemological object, observations, in reference to, tends toward, refers to, the objective pole of the intentional structure, conception, imagination, visualization, frame of reference, sense objects, noema, thematizing cognition, contemplate, insight, awareness, projecting, conceiving, object of attention, focus, devote, fancy, imagine, project, speculate, fancy, imagine, construe in one's mind, thought, idea, conception, concentration, concept, attitude, to become a concept, object of concentration, (always presupposes a division into subject and object), to bring into focus, focussing on an object, imagination, to concentrate upon, construct, framework, frame of reference, concentrating, fixing on, conceptually focusing [JV]

dmigs pa gtad to direct the concentration, direct the concentration upon, to concentrate on, direct your visualization [JV]

dmigs 'dzin dependent, depending on a support, grasp through concepts [JV]

smon 'jug aspiration and application, aspiring and entering, wish and its accomplishment, intention and application [JV]

smon pa med pa apranihita, wishlessness, wishless, no yearning with respect to 'bras bu, 1 of rnam thar gsum, freedom from aspirations, SA rnam thar sgo gsum, passionless, not fixed on, absence of wishfulness, absence of speculation, without intention, absence of aspiration [JV]

smon lam pranidhana, aspiration, prayer, vow, commitment, resolution, good wishes, 1 of 10 stobs bcu, meditation, supplication, expression of noble aspiration, aspiration prayer, invocation, aspiration vow, wish [JV]

tsam gyis as soon as, by merely, simply [JV]

tsam nyid nas from the very moment, in the moment of [JV]

tsam pa roasted barley flour, about or of the size, flour from parched barley, country east of kashmir, ancient bhagalpur, ancient name of cambodia, the size of, tsampa flour, the size of, in size [JV]

tsam yang (with negative) not the least, with negatives, slightest [JV]

btsal search, seek, SA 'tshol ba, 'tshol, past of 'tshol, to search for, searched [JV]

btses pa SA 'tshe ba, under attack [JV]

rtsa chen dear, precious, noble, very great, divine, holiness, holy, sacred, sanctity, sacred [JV]

rtsal snang appearances of power, expression, vibrant display, expressions, manifestation of Tsal, Tsal vision [JV]

rtsal sprugs the most essential point of potentialities, internal movement of energy, to strive, to consume energy, the most essential point of potentialities, internal movement of energy [JV]

rtsi juice, complexion, fluid, paint, varnish, all fluids of a certain consistency, juice of some fruits, plants, substance [JV]

rtsi thog grass, plants, quitch-grass [JV]

rtsol bral beyond effort, to transcend effort, without effort, effortless [JV]

brtsams pa commenced, commencement, start to [JV]

brtsegs pa one above another, piled one upon another, masonry wall, heaped up [JV]

brtson energetic, practice, rouse, perseverance, engage in, must endeavor [JV]

brtson pa study hard, strive, aim at, exert oneself for, endeavour, effort, care, exertion, captive, diligent, assiduous, studious, to engage in, devote oneself to, engage in [JV]

bstsal ba to grant, given by [JV]

tshar gcig once, for the first time, one time [JV]

tshigs pa joints, burned [JV]

tshugs pa make up, form, constitute, plant, erect, stage, station, to do one harm, hurt, inflict, firm, steady, held [JV]

tshogs totality, group-patterns, functional cognitions, patterns, acquisitions, offerings, prerequisites (merits and knowledge), assemble, unite, SA 'tshogs pa, aggregates, collections, mass, accumulation, host, feast, band, bunch, fleet, gang, group, herd, swarm, assemblage, mass, accumulation, multitude, feast offering, past of 'tshogs, tantric offering feast, are present, clusters, aggregation [JV]

tshogs drug 6 functional cognitions, 6 types of perceptiveness, six collections, six aggregates of consciousness, six consciousness aggregates, six modes of consciousness, six senses, six sense impressions, six aggregates of consciousness [JV]

tshogs pa group, organization, hold a meeting, assemble, collection, aggregates, party, union, assemble together, set, people gathered there, aggregation, clusters [JV]

tshogs bsags pa accumulation of merits, accumulating [JV]

tshom bu focal points, bundle, SA tshom pa, grain, placing of precious stones and other things on top of a dkyil 'khor, clusters [JV]

tshol ba splinter, wood splinter, to pursue, seeking [JV]

mtshan nyid 'dzin pa retain attributes, retains its characteristics [JV]

mtshan ma med pa animitta, signlessness, unconditioned, (lack of any real enduring distinctive features with respect to rgyu), 1 of rnam thar gsum, characterless, nonconceptual, SA rnam thar sgo gsum, absence of ultimate defining characteristics, beyond material conceptual characteristics, absence of characteristic signs [JV]

mtshams gcod cessation, termination, end of the line, at the end of the line [JV]

mtshams bzhag stopped, took a break, stopped [JV]

mtshams bzhag pa halt, stopped, took a break [JV]

mtsho ma pham lake manasarowar, Manasarovar [JV]

mtshon pa set forth, indicate, express, mean, show, reflect, display, reveal, characterized by leader, showman, bring forward, quote, exhibit, sign, symbol, point, model, paradigm, denote, depict, portray, to be introduced to, to communicate the teachings, represent [JV]

'tshal to prostrate, to exist, "I beg", please, I request, offer [JV]

'tsher ba neigh, grieve, shine, glitter, apprehensive, quake, lazy, be weary of, brilliant, luminous [JV]

'dzin pa apprehending (act, agent), apprehension, apprehend, subject, interference, ego-centered, control, come under control, take up, hold to, lay hold of, uphold, hold, holding, seize, the seizing, he that seizes, comprehend, comprehension, believe, conceive, appropriate, gather, capture, catch, grab, clip, manipulate, grasp, master, remember, memorize, keep in mind, project, retention, endowed with, the apprehender, 1 of 27 coincidences in astrology, SA sbyor ba nyer bdun, support, realize, conceive, consider, estimate, capacity, he that occupies, dispenser, retain, maintain, to reify, fixation, belief, to cling to, to regard as, perceiving subject [JV]

'dzin med detached, non-subjectivity, not subjective, without holding on to it, non-grasping, not to grasp anything with concepts, without being fixated on, without clinging, without fixating, without grasping, no grasping [JV]

'dzoms po abundant, plentiful, perfect [JV]

rdzogs pa chen po great perfection, SA rdzogs chen , total perfection, Dzogpa Chenpo [JV]

wa ler vividness, directness, vividly clear [JV]

zhi quietude, nirvana, peaceful cessation, passive, subside, pacifying, 1 of 'phrin las bcu, at peace, will subside, peace of nirvana [JV]

zhig destroy, break, vanish, relax, one, fell apart, an, a, SA cig, 'jig pa, one, a, imperative particle, dissolves, break down [JV]

zhing flayed human skin, sphere, body, holy place, field, ground, soil, cultivation, realm, buddha (joins things on the same level; continuation particle), arable land, verbal conjunctive clause connective, with adjectives, sacred places, dimension [JV]

zhing khams dimensions, buddha-field, universe, realm, heavenly, paradise, holy sphere, spiritual sphere, country, pure dimension [JV]

zhu rgyu subject of a petition, will ask [JV]

zhugs pa join, attend, take part in, enter, cherish, converted to a religion, imbibe faith, be involved in, desire, to adopt, to espouse, entered [JV]

zhog place, renounce, cut, SA 'jog, SA 'jog pa, place in upper dbus e. of lhasa, let us, relax, to totally relax, maintain presence, remain, let go of [JV]

gzhag let it go on, place, SA 'jog pa, adopting [JV]

gzhan du otherwise, else, another, elsewhere, to another place, independently of, as something different, to other things, by anything else, for others, as something else, to be something other [JV]

gzhan med do not exist apart from, are not other than, there is no other, nothing exists other than, nothing but [JV]

gzhal ba weigh, SA 'jal ba, scrutinizing [JV]

gzhi lnga 5 basic topics, five bases [JV]

gzhi ji bzhin pa recluse, "who stays where he is", the base just as it is, authentic original condition [JV]

gzhi gdan foundation, background [JV]

gzhi gnas primordial state, abiding as the base, primordial basis, abiding in the Base, base [JV]

gzhi snang being presenting itself in its totality, appearances of the basis ground-manifestation, ground-appearance, ground manifestation, ground of being manifesting as appearances, vision of the base [JV]

gzhi dbyings continuum that is the ground, ultimate sphere at the basis, (no gaps in being; creates conditions and provides info for actualization of human potentials), ground of being as basic space, ground of being as basic space, Ying of the basis, Ying of the Base [JV]

gzhi med rtsa bral groundless and rootless, without a basis or root [JV]

gzhi rtsa foundations, bases, origin, primary cause, source, elementary, fundamental root, rudiment, basis, bases & roots, base [JV]

gzhi yi gnas lugs fundamental enduring condition, natural condition of the Base [JV]

gzhig pa make minute inquiry of every point, investigate, examine, destroy, SA bshigs, 'jig pa, to deconstruct, analyze [JV]

gzhu 'doms cord, fathom, thong or rope made of yak skin nine fathoms long, arm spans [JV]

gzhon 1 of 28 astrological terms for harmony of influence in the destiny of a person, fresh [JV]

gzhon nu ma ms., maiden, miss, virgin, youthful girl, 1 of lha mo bdun, young girl, young woman, young women, girl [JV]

gzhol set on, maintains, exercising, sowed, dedicate oneself to, apply, to enter into, devote yourself to, devote oneself to, practiced [JV]

gzhol ba train, trail, retinue, flow down, alight, dismount, remain fixed, absorbed in, be low, open out to, to apply a method, aim at, lead to, devote oneself to, devote yourself to [JV]

dzha (not in das) [JV]

bzhag summon, postulate, take as, propound, implant, composure, relax, set up, expound, place, inner parts of the body, SA 'jog pa, let go, inner parts of the body, past of 'jog, position, assertion, logical establishment of one's own view, to place attention, leave, remain, to place on, established, left (as it is) [JV]

bzhin i.e., that is, like, (continued state particle), as, according to, face, countenance, corresponds to, during, as in, just as, just like, accordingly [JV]

bzhin du according to, as, while, in, according to, in conformity with, present tense complement, "while", simultaneous with, even though, but at the same time, as though [JV]

bzhes pa take, receive, accept, seize, confiscate, food, meat, proclaimed, dressed with [JV]

zang thal direct, unobstructed, transparent, unimpeded, penetrating, directly penetrating, direct penetration, unhindered, unobstructed, immaterial, openness, wide-open, all-penetrating, which penetrates all without material obstacles, which penetrates all without material obstacles, directly penetrate [JV]

zang ma open, pure & simple [JV]

zad end, is to be used, send, SA 'dzad pa, exhaustion, it ends up that, basing oneself upon, to wear out, consumed, to come to an end, to extinguish, are nothing more than, is consumed [JV]

zad pa'i sa the level of extinction of existence, point of resolution [JV]

zab gnad profound key point, profound method, profound teaching, profound point [JV]

zab gnad kyi gdams profound teaching, profound essential teaching [JV]

zin capture, this ends, maintained, recognition, the "completed/finished" auxiliary verb, to recognize, already accomplished, earth element, 1 of spar kha brgyad, has been conquered, already accomplished, already perfect [JV]

zin pa already, come under control, (use past or perfect tense), completed, memorize, terminated, concluded, exhausted, consume, recognition, maintained, (commit to retain in, retentive) memory, learn, be at the end, be finished, (affix in older writings denoting that action is complete and finished), SA 'dzin pa, possessed, captured, accomplish, done, completed, to be afflicted by, to be governed by, to be conditioned by, to be caused by, to be dominated by, natural perfection, to embrace, already accomplished, already perfect [JV]

zil gyis gnon pa suppress with lustre, be inferior to, eclipsed [JV]

zug pa pain, building, erection, thrust into, SA 'dzugs pa, zug, pierce [JV]

zla thin, easy, pack, comparison [JV]

gzan khra multicolored shawl, striped (ed and white) shawl [JV]

gza' skar planet, planets & stars, constellations [JV]

gza' gtad grasp, concepts, conceptions, fixation on a concept, object-aiming, conceptual fixation [JV]

gzi brjid glorious, glory, honorable, honor, healthy appearance, prosperity, brightness, lustre, halo, light, radiance, brilliance, beauty, fair, healthy complexion, esteem, celebrity, confidence, dignity, splendor, full of splendor, grandeur, majesty, longest of 3 biographies of gshen rab mi bo che in 12 volumes, elegant [JV]

gzi brjid che ba great splendor, brilliancy, lustrous, very elegant [JV]

gzim khang house, bedroom, room [JV]

gzung yul apprehendable object, object to be dealt with, objects, external objects, perceivable objects [JV]

bzang ngan med beyond good and bad, no difference in quality [JV]

bzung remain, start, begin, dismiss, take up, held back, hold, seize, SA 'dzin pa, accept, past of 'dzin, embrace, to hold the breath, to keep, starting from, believe, believe something to be, perceived object, perceived [JV]

bzung ba lay hold, held, take, capture, SA 'dzin pa, to reify, grip, to be governed by, to visualize, to place upon, to embrace, to regard as, to hold the breath, perceived object [JV]

bzla ba SA zla ba, to overcome, totally transcended [JV]

bzlums pa SA bsdums pa, converging [JV]

'ang also, too, as well, but, yet, still, nevertheless, even if, even, even including, though, although, ever, soever, SA kyang, that [JV]

'o lags leader in conversation or in a deputation to a great man, mouth piece, yes sir, just so, Okay [JV]

'od kyi gong bu luminous spheres, sphere of light [JV]

'od thig light drop, sphere of light, thigle of light [JV]

'od snang visible light, visions like light, light, vision of the lights [JV]

'od rab gsal shining with the supreme light, luminous, supreme light shines [JV]

'od gsal ba primordial potentiality, luster, brightness, luminous clarity [JV]

ya mtshan pa amaze, marvel, surprise, wonder, astonishing, strange, amazing, marvelous [JV]

yang also, too, as well, but, yet, still, nevertheless, even (-, if, though, more), including, still, though, again, once more, but yet, and, further, then, too, although (on verb), both...and (with 2nd yang), SA kyang, once more, as for, even if, next, furthermore, moreover, lightness, even though, light [JV]

yang snying after all, actually, at last, to the end, real substance, principal object, essence, inner essence, core, ultimate essence, quintessence [JV]

yang thig even more essential, important system of rdzogs chen man ngag sde practices, ultimate essence, quintessence [JV]

yang dag right, positive, genuine, actual, real, the very, indeed, authentic, sublime, vajraheruka, completely, pure like space, pure [JV]

yang yang du quite often, again and again, many times, repeatedly [JV]

yi mug sadness, gloomy, despair, somber, unhappy [JV]

yig phreng line of a book, lines, verses [JV]

yig 'bru spell letters, syllables, letters [JV]

yid ches belief, confidence, faith, convinced, trust, proof, certainty, trust [JV]

yid smon wish, desire, prayer, aspire, aspiration or wish [JV]

yid la zungs bear in mind, remember, understand, retain it in mind [JV]

yin yes, be, existence, the linking verb "is", constitute [JV]

yin pa is (adjectival verb, not existential), (direct affirmation, often found in past sense, attribute connector without expressing existence, auxiliary verb for present or past), as the, the way of being, to entail, to constitute, what is going on, what is there, affirmation [JV]

yin lugs distorted description of the presence, the whole of empirical reality, being this or that, the state of existence of things, innate condition, natural state of existence, things as they are, mode of being, actual mode, real nature, way of being [JV]

yis instrumental particle, as, due to [JV]

yud tsam mere flash, a little while, in a moment, about a moment, awhile, moment, division of time (30 thang), short time, a moment, for awhile, for a brief moment, for an instant [JV]

yul rkyen support, objective condition [JV]

yul med improper, not in its place, nonexistent as an object, nonreferential, has no object, not exist as an object, without an object [JV]

ye stong chen po great primordial emptiness, total primordial emptiness [JV]

ye nas sangs rgyas primordial enlightenment, primordial Buddha [JV]

ye shes zang thal directly penetrating knowledge, unimpeded wisdom, all-penetrating wisdom [JV]

yengs med undisturbed, unswerving, without distraction, undistracted non-distraction, non-wandering, awareness, free from wandering, never be distracted, without being distracted [JV]

yongs bral ba completely overcome, completely beyond [JV]

yongs rdzogs all, completely, entirely, everybody, whole, total, altogether, absolute, utterly, all, entire, whole, totality, totally perfected, fully perfected, perfectly endowed with [JV]

yongs su 'das totally beyond, totally transcends [JV]

yongs su bral ba utterly transcend, completely beyond, totally beyond [JV]

yongs su rdzogs pa thus is concluded, in its entirety [JV]

yongs su rdzogs pa perfect fulfillment, fully perfected, completed, totality, completeness, finishing [JV]

yod 'dug pa was, there are [JV]

yon tan rdzogs perfected qualified, complete with all qualities [JV]

g.ya' dag pa freed from rust, clear, polish, to purify, pure [JV]

ra ba yard, courtyard, fence basin for water around the root of a tree, enclosure, fence, enclosed wall, barricade, enclosure, rail, ranch, (mountain) range [JV]

rak ta blood, red, saffron, minium, cinnabar, blood, 1 of bdud rtsi lnga [JV]

rak ta mar gyi rare tantra of anuyoga [JV]

rak ta dmar gyi rgyud anuyoga rare tantra [JV]

rang gis by virtue of its own inherent... , by one's own self, by ourselves [JV]

rang rgyud du in themselves, in practice, in one's mind, in oneself, in your state [JV]

rang rgyud pa svatantrikas, freedom, SA rnal 'byor spyod pa'i dbu ma rang rgyud pa, exist independently [JV]

rang ngo state, essence, very essence [JV]

rang ngo essence, self-essence, natural face, that very essence, one's own real nature, one's own face, one's own original face, one's state, in oneself, in themselves, our own state [JV]

rang ngo sprad pa introducing directly in oneself, directly introducing [JV]

rang ngo rang thog directly, directly in their own state [JV]

rang chas intrinsic, its own, naturally, one's natural possession [JV]

rang chas su as a natural possession, as one's natural possession [JV]

rang thog in themselves, in one's state, in oneself [JV]

rang thog tu in one's own condition, in one's own natural state, in one's condition, within oneself, in oneself, in one's state [JV]

rang thog tu ngo 'phrod pa to rediscover directly, to discover in one's state [JV]

rang gdangs manifestation, inherent radiance, natural profundity, natural clarity, inherent translucent radiance, Dang energy, natural Dang, natural radiance [JV]

rang gnas self-sustaining, self-abiding, self-existent, very condition of [JV]

rang snang self- (manifestation, presentation, appearances, display), appearance in itself, subjectivity, projections, self-appearances, one's vision, self-manifesting, naturally manifest, one's own manifestation, our vision, one's own vision, appear as one's vision, natural vision, one's vision [JV]

rang byas to progress simply, created by oneself [JV]

rang byung ye shes self-originated primal awareness, self-refreshing pristine awareness, self-arising wisdom, self-existing wakefulness, self-originated wisdom, naturally occurring timeless awareness [JV]

rang byon naturally appeared, miraculous & auspicious occurrence, epithet of brahma, self-evolved, self-grown, born of itself, as if spontaneously appeared in that way, self-appeared, self-arisen [JV]

rang rtsal self-potency, inherent potency, natural expression, manifestation, inherent potentiality, inherent energy, inherent creative energy, one's own potentiality, its tsal energy, natural Tsal energy, Tsal energy, one's Tsal [JV]

rang zhal (one's own, natural, innate) face, true face, face to face, own-face, natural face [JV]

rang gzhan oneself & others, buddhists and non-buddhists, yourself and others, self & other [JV]

rang bzhin 'od gsal natural clear light, natural luminous clarity [JV]

rang rig svasamvitti, (self-validating, non-referential, immediate, self-revealing, inherent, self-, one's own pure) awareness, noetic act, (accepted by sautrantikas and yogacara), pure sensation, self- (knowledge, awareness, knower, cognition, cognizance), one's own innate presence, natural intelligence, consciousness, one's own rig pa, apperception, self-disclosive awareness, apperception, self-knowing, one's rigpa, their own Rigpa [JV]

rang rig ye shes self-cognizant wisdom, wisdom of one's rigpa, wisdom of your rigpa [JV]

rang shar self- (rising, presence, arisen, originating, manifestation), arise spontaneously, arise out of oneself, to spontaneously arise, arises [JV]

ran certain time, kind of grass, shave-grass, equisetum arvense, "time to do" particle, average dimensions [JV]

rab gsal completely banish, clear away, very clear, illuminated, quite evident, small balcony or gallery, illumination, cheerfulness, a legendary king, fully manifest, supremely shines [JV]

ri rgyal very high mountain, mt. tise, mt. sumeru, king of mountains [JV]

ri bo cog bzhag 1 of cog bzhag, state of relaxation which is stable like a mountain, chogzhag of the mountain [JV]

rig perception, texts in which the teachings are verified and demonstrated in accordance with logical reasoning, logic, discovers, presence, is recognized [JV]

rig klong state of rigpa, dimension of rigpa [JV]

rig ngo essence of rigpa, state of rigpa [JV]

rig pa'i klong rigpa dimension, dimension of Rigpa [JV]

rig pa'i ye shes genuine awareness grounded in cognitive being, primal awareness of pure presence, primal cognition of awareness, awareness-wisdom, knowledge which is immediate awareness, knowledge of the state of Awareness, wisdom of Rigpa [JV]

rig 'dzin 'dus pa'i tshogs ganapuja of Rigdzin DÅpa [JV]

rigs kyi bu noble and honored sirs, noble son, noble offspring, son of a noble family [JV]

rigs drug six (realms, families) (chos sku as 6th), 6 lokas, six classes of beings [JV]

ring du song elongated, stretched, go far away from [JV]

rim pa layer, stratum, order, series, succession, separate order, method, degree, stage, time multiple, process, phase, category, course, respective, specification, ranked officials [JV]

rim bzhin du gradually, one after another, one after the other [JV]

rung ba serve as, suitable, proper, relevant, fit, capable for, right, deemed appropriate, practical, valid, to enable, potentially open to [JV]

reg pa sparsha, contact, total pattern, rapport, mibp 27, get in touch with, attain to, reach, touch, come in contact with, feel, perceive, connection, dab, to encounter, discerned [JV]

reg bya experience, touch, pressure, the tactile, touchable, tangible object, object of touch, what is felt or may be felt, palpable, tangible, sense of feeling, feeling of, tactile sensation [JV]

rogs cooperation, relief, companion, friend, associate, assistant, please help, please [JV]

rol pa merriment, playfulness, inside energy manifestation, internal manifestation, SA sprul pa, pleasures, enjoy, play, play of experience, excitement, display, manifestation, reflecting energy of potentiality of manifestation, SA thugs rje, to manifest, creative energy, display, Rolpa energy, Rolpa [JV]

rol rtsal manifest potency, Rolpa and Tsal [JV]

rlung dmigs visualization of the vital wind, breathing and concentration [JV]

la at, in, on, for, of, to, as to, into, up to, by, from, unto, among, under, hillside, mountain slope, towards, mountain pass, candle, taper, wax-light, figure 26, the dative-locative particle, conjunctive of adjectives ("as well *as"), as a clause connector, a mountain pass, can indicate "while something was going on", regarding, in front of, while [JV]

la brten through, thanks to [JV]

la zlo ba put limits to, settle finally, to overcome the limits of concepts [JV]

la bzla ba to transcend, go beyond conceptions, beyond concepts, to utterly transcend, to totally overthrow, total conquest, to accede to?, to totally overcome concepts, to arrive beyond, to attain a state beyond concepts, to get beyond, to find oneself beyond any concept whatsoever, to come to a decisive experience, to overcome the limits of concepts [JV]

lan tsha ornamental nepalese writing style, salt [JV]

lam brgyud transit, pathway, passing through the path [JV]

las ngan bad action, mean profession or work, evil action, wicked work, bad karmas, negative actions [JV]

las bzhi four actions, SA 'phrin las bzhi [JV]

lugs status, tradition, line of thought, order, systems of thought, SA yin lugs, mode, casting, founding, of metal, way, manner, fashion, mode, method, opinion, view, judgment, style of proceeding, established manner, custom, usage, rite, "manner" construction particle, principle, model, system [JV]

lung shastra, stamp, handle, tradition, precepts, (-, reading) transmission, instruction, permission, scripture, sacred story, epic, text, prophecy, scriptural (tradition, authority), behest, authorization from hearing text, read aloud, holder, carrying sling, bent handle, strap of a vessel, basket, injunction, spiritual exhortation, admonition, esoteric teachings, texts in which experiences of the masters are expressed with regard to the teachings, texts extracted from rgyud, sacred authority, agama, scriptural authorization, quotations, Lung scriptures [JV]

lung bstan predictions, prophecy, precept, injunction, teachings, revelation, message, to inform [JV]

lung ma bstan neutral (-, state, character), ethically neutral, indeterminate, undetermined, nondescript state of being, dull state of mind, not essentially compromised, neutrality, morally neutral, dull blank state of mind, neutral state, indeterminacy, absent-minded, oblivion, apathetic, neutral state [JV]

lus yang light body, the body is light, body will be light [JV]

legs nyes beautiful or ugly, good & bad [JV]

legs par zungs imprint well, keep it well [JV]

legs so very well, well done, it would be excellent, praises [JV]

len pa upadana, ascription-organization, self-identification, absorb, connect, join, catch, fetch, get, receive, accept, take, bring, carry, acceptance, latch onto, get, obtain, accept what is offered or given, seize, lay hold of, grasp, bear, suffer patiently with, put up with, place in pempo, adopt, exaction, accepting [JV]

log return, SA ldog pa side, to return, reversed, went back to [JV]

log pa return, come, go back, leave behind, avert, opposite, turn a somersault, tumble over, roll, return, come back, come again, turn round, be turned upside down, tumble down, reversed, inverted, irrational, wrong, SA ldog pa, distorted, to turn away from, to misunderstand, erroneous [JV]

longs spyod enjoyment, abundance, wealth, spiritual enrichment, joy of participating, scope of enjoyment, sense objects, sensuous and sensual enjoyments, wealth of sensuous enjoyments, prosperity, possessions, attainment, enjoyment, sensual pleasures, eating & drinking, plenty, abundance, fortune, qualification, enjoyments and riches, perfected qualifications, to perfectly enjoy, to perfectly enjoy, belongings, value [JV]

longs spyod ldan full enjoyment, prosperous, possessed of health & prosperity & happiness [JV]

shar east, into the flesh, direct, straight, east, appeared, manifests as, manifest in, manifests its, arise [JV]

shar grol arise & dissolve, liberation as soon as it arises, self-liberated as it arises, frees whatever arises, liberation at arising, simultaneous liberation-at-arising, liberation upon arising, liberation as soon as it arises, arising & liberating , arising & self-liberating [JV]

shar nub rising and setting, Orientals and Westerners [JV]

shar phyogs east, eastern direction or quarter, orient, Oriental [JV]

shing ko ki la ksa tree of cuckoo's eye [JV]

shing a ti muk ta tree called harimantha [JV]

shin tu che very big, very [JV]

shin tu zab pa extremely deep, very profound [JV]

shel gong crystal globe, crystal sphere [JV]

shel rdo rock crystal, crystal, crystal rock [JV]

shel 'od crystal lights, light of the crystal, the crystal and its light [JV]

shes consciousness principle so, thus, question marker,, when we realize, is known [JV]

shes rgyud knowledge, stream of consciousness, consciousness, minds [JV]

shes ldan one possessed of wisdom and learning, possessed of consciousness, all living beings, intelligent, intelligent persons [JV]

shes pa noeticness, cognition, cognize, awareness, consciousness, mind, mode of knowing, noetic capacity, cognitive (situation, capacity), conscious process, perceptive functions, comprehend, grasp, master, be aware of, come to understand, can, be able to, know, learn, to sense, perceive, apprehend, wisdom, intelligence, science, learning, knowledge (2 kinds are dbang shes pa, yid shes pa), (10 kinds are chos, pha rol gyi sems, rjes su rtogs pa, kun rdzog, sdug bsngal, kun byung, 'gog pa, lam, zad pa, mi skye ba), to recognize, feelings, attention, wakefulness, knowledge, is known as [JV]

shes bya'i sgrib pa intellectual obscurations, obscurations to (knowledge, omniscience), veil of primitive beliefs about reality, sin produced from the objects of cognition, obstructions to omniscience, cognitive obscuration, obscurations due to intellectual knowledge, conceptual obstacles, conceptual obscuration, obstacles to knowledge [JV]

shes rab kyi mig wisdom eye, eye of prajna [JV]

shes rig civilization, awareness, wisdom, awareness which knows, a knowing awareness, consciousness [JV]

gsham du below, at foot, under, below, beneath, in the following sections, followed by [JV]

gshis kyi gnas lugs natural state of how things are present, natural state, basic natural state, real nature [JV]

sa khul area, domain, locality, territory, region, zone, province [JV]

sar bsdad sit on the ground, sat down on the ground [JV]

su zhig what, which, who, somebody, someone, a certain, any of, whoever [JV]

sum mdo where several roads or rivers meet, junction of roads or rivers, chakra of fire at joint, junction of the three (channels) [JV]

sems kyis mentally, through the mind [JV]

sems ngo my own mind, essence of mind, mind-essence, mind essence [JV]

sems dpa' sattva, ethical impulse, heroes, brave mind, bodhisattva, SA byang chub sems dpa', sometimes an abbreviation of rdo rje sems dpa', heroic being [JV]

sems bzung concentrate, focused mind [JV]

song ba fall gone, passed, proceeded, reabsorb into, to fall into, depart, become, to join, dissolve into [JV]

srid worldliness, height, length, extension, dominion, government, till, during, world, phenomena, society, temporal, cosmic, "possible" auxiliary verb, it might be, may arise, is produced, may occur, produces the existence of, conditioned existence [JV]

srid na in the world, if there were to exist [JV]

srin bu insect, worm, vermin, firefly, silkworm [JV]

sla mo thin, easy, wife [JV]

slob pa teach, instruct, discipline, learner, learn, act of learning, teacher, instructor, pupil, student, to train oneself in, learning [JV]

gsal clarity, transparency, luminosity, lucidity, irradiance, lucency, illumination, effulgence, clear, luminous absorption, luminescence luminous, appear, consonants, visualize, resplendent, separate, distinct, expressed, pale, in verbal constructions, to manifest, will manifest, shone, manifests as, shine forth, shines, clear, manifests, sees [JV]

gsal cha (activity of stong pa), revealing and manifesting, clarity, vividness of awareness as well as the object in meditative practice, one the side of luminous clarity, clarity aspect [JV]

gsal dwangs cleared up, clear & limpid, clear [JV]

gsal la dwangs pa clear and bright, clear and limpid [JV]

gsal lam mer shar to shine brightly, vividly appeared, shone vividly clear [JV]

gsung chos discourse, religious discourse or sermon delivered orally, teaching [JV]

gsungs say, speak, SA gsung ba, past of gsung, to pronounce, read, recited, pronounced [JV]

bsang remove, recover, SA sang ba, consecrate, lift up, SA seng ba, purification, fumigation rite, SA bdud rtsi can gyi shing lnga, cleansing [JV]

bsam spyod attitude, thoughts & behaviors [JV]

bsil grib cool, grateful shade, cool shade [JV]

bsrung ba protection, guard against evil, guardian, watchman, sentinel, amulet, perform protections, to observe a commitment, observance [JV]

bsres mix, add, SA sre ba, to unify inseparably, unified, unify with, unifying [JV]

bslang help to rise, cause, SA slong, to intend to [JV]

bslebs pa gone, had reached, to reach, arrive back in, having arrived [JV]

ha cang dga' po very happy, so happy [JV]

lha 'dre gods and demons, deities & evil spirits [JV]

lha gsol offerings to divine spirits, place in dwag po, invocation and offerings to the local gods, pray to a deity [JV]

lhan cig simultaneous, innate, together with [JV]

lhan cig byed rkyen cooperative condition, cooperative condition, simultaneously occurring condition, concomitant factor [JV]

lhan du common together, with one another, with, together, combining also with, while at the same time, in the same moment, together with, with [JV]

lham mer clear, radiant, brightly, vividly [JV]

lhung SA ltung ba, to fall, falling into [JV]

lhungs (not in das), falling [JV]

lhun mass, bulk, spontaneous [JV]

lhun grub ye shes wisdom of self-perfection, wisdom of self-perfection [JV]

lhun chags elegant, unchanging, naturally arisen condition [JV]

lho phyogs south, southern direction, souther direction, southern [JV]

lhod der bzhugs to remain in a relaxed state, remained relaxed, sitting relaxed [JV]

a kha kha displeasure interjection, alas, what a pity! [JV]

a khu uncle, father's brother, uncle, paternal uncle [JV]

a thung upside down partial A triangle in navel, Athung [JV]

u rgyan crown, head ornament, SA o rgyan, or rgyan, Oddiyana, Oddiyana [JV]

e yin snyams think that it might be, thinking something might be the case, maybe it was for this reason, which could have been [JV]

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