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Chronology of Buddhism by Matthieu Ricard




 
==Chronology of Buddhism==
==Chronology==


===India and others:===
===India and others:===
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* after the Buddha's parinirvana
* after the Buddha's parinirvana


*[[Rajagriha Council: 483 BCMauryan Empire: 320-187 BC, Buddhism flourishes throughout India, and upto Afghanistan.
*[[Rajagriha Council]]: 483 BCMauryan Empire: 320-187 BC, Buddhism flourishes throughout India, and upto Afghanistan.
*[[Reign of King Ashoka: 268-232 or 272-236 BC
*[[Reign of King Ashoka]]: 268-232 or 272-236 BC
*[[Second Council at Vaisali: 100 years after L. Buddha's parinirvana
*[[Second Council at Vaisali]]: 100 years after L. Buddha's parinirvana
*[[Nagasena: 200 ?
*[[Nagasena]]: 200 ?
*[[King Pusyamitra, of the Sunga dynasty, persecutes Buddhists: 187-? BC
*[[King Pusyamitra]], of the Sunga dynasty, persecutes Buddhists: 187-? BC
*[[Reign of Greek Buddhist King Menander]] ([[Milinda]]): 163-115 BC
*[[Reign of Greek Buddhist King Menander]] ([[Milinda]]): 163-115 BC
*[[King Kanishka's Council of the Sarvastivadins: 147 or 78 BC
*[[King Kanishka's Council of the Sarvastivadins: 147 or 78 BC
*[[Pali Tripitaka first written down: 80 BC
*[[Pali Tripitaka]] first written down: 80 BC
*[[Buddhism enters China: 1st century AD
*[[Buddhism enters China]]: 1st century AD
*[[Nagarjuna: some sources say he was born in 482 B.C, other in 212 B.C. According to mahayana scriptures he was born 1200 years after the Buddha's parinirvana.
*[[Nagarjuna]]: some sources say he was born in 482 B.C, other in 212 B.C. According to mahayana scriptures he was born 1200 years after the Buddha's parinirvana.
*[[Travels of Fa-Hsien: 399-414
*[[Travels of Fa-Hsien]]: 399-414
*[[King Nyatri Tsenpo ascends the throne as first King of Tibet: 374  
*[[King Nyatri Tsenpo]] ascends the throne as first King of Tibet: 374  
*[[Lhathori Nyentsen: 374-494  In 433, brings the first Buddhist scriptures to TibetBuddhism enters Japan: 550
*[[Lhathori Nyentsen]]: 374-494  In 433, brings the first Buddhist scriptures to Tibet Buddhism enters Japan: 550
*[[Boddhidharma: 526
*[[Boddhidharma]]: 526
*[[Asanga, Buddhapalita, Vasubandhu, Dignaga, Aryadeva: 5th century.
*[[Asanga]], [[Buddhapalita]], [[Vasubandhu]], [[Dignaga]], [[Aryadeva]]: 5th century.
*[[Silabhadra: 6th/7th cent.
*[[Silabhadra: 6th/7th cent.
*[[Dharmakirti: ca.600-ca.660
*[[Dharmakirti]]: ca.600-ca.660
*[[Chandrakirti, Vasumitra, Haribhadra, Chandragomin, Dandin: 7th century ?
*[[Chandrakirti]], [[Vasumitra]], [[Haribhadra]], [[Chandragomin]], [[Dandin]]: 7th century ?
*[[Thomi Sambhota goes to India:  632
*[[Thomi Sambhota]] goes to India:  632
*[[Hsuang-tsang's pilgrimage to India: 629-645
*[[Hsuang-tsang]]'s pilgrimage to India: 629-645
*[[I-Tsing's pilgrimage to India: 671-695
*[[I-Tsing]]'s pilgrimage to India: 671-695
*[[Shantideva]] ([[shi ba lha]]): 685-763 ?
*[[Shantideva]] ([[zhi ba lha]]): 685-763 ?
*[[Garab Dorje: 55 ?
*[[Garab Dorje]]: 55 ?
*[[Songtsen Gampo]] ([[srong btsan sgam po]]): 609/613-650]] ([[Richardson and Gendun Chöphel, see White Annals p.13, /Vitali, GS 617-649 /Tarthang 569-650.
*[[Songtsen Gampo]] ([[srong btsan sgam po]]): 609/613-650]] ([[Richardson and Gendun Chöphel]], see [[White Annals]] p.13, /Vitali, GS 617-649 /[[Tarthang]] 569-650.
*[[Songtsen founds the Rasa Trulnang Tsuklhagkhang: 641
*[[Songtsen]] founds the [[Rasa Trulnang Tsuklhagkhang]]: 641
*[[Queen Kongjo leaves for Tibet, in 641 and meets the King in 647.
*[[Queen Kongjo]] leaves for Tibet, in 641 and meets the King in 647.
*[[Ramoche founded: 641
*[[Ramoche]] founded: 641
*[[Gar]] ([['gar]]), Songtsen's minister: ?-667  
*[[Gar]] ([['gar]]), [[Songtsen]]'s minister: ?-667  
*[[Dusong Manpo]] ([['dus srong mang po rje]]): reigns 676-704
*[[Dusong Manpo]] ([['dus srong mang po rje]]): reigns 676-704
*[[King Me Agtsom]] ([[mes 'ag tshoms]]): reigns 704-755
*[[King Me Agtsom]] ([[mes 'ag tshoms]]): reigns 704-755
*[[Shantarakshita: 705-762  
*[[Shantarakshita]]: 705-762  
*[[Kamalashila: fl. 713-763
*[[Kamalashila]]: fl. 713-763
*[[Haribhadra: 9th cent.
*[[Haribhadra]]: 9th cent.


===Ngagyur Nyingma:===
===Ngagyur Nyingma:===
*[[Trisong Detsen]] ([[khri srong lde btsan]]): 790-844 /or 718]] ([[Butön]]) or 730]] ([[in Bee kar]]) /742-797, rules from 755]] ([[Ehrhard]]) 730]] ([[NH]])
*[[Trisong Detsen]] ([[khri srong lde btsan]]): 790-844 /or 718]] ([[Butön]]) or 730]] ([[in Bee kar]]) /742-797, rules from 755]] ([[Ehrhard]]) 730]] ([[NH]])
*[[Beginning of construction of Samye: 762
*[[Beginning of construction of Samye: 762
*[[Se]] ([[sad]]) mi, mi dun ordained: 767/ or 827]] ([[NS]])
*[[Se]] ([[bsad mi mi bdun]]) ordained: 767/ or 827]] ([[NS]])
*[[According to Khetsun's history:
*According to [[Khetsun's history]]:
*[[Khenpo Shantarakshita consecrates the ground: 797
*[[Khenpo Shantarakshita]] consecrates the ground: 797
*[[Khenpso lays the foundations: 798
*[[Khenpo]] lays the foundations: 798
*[[Guru Rinpoche leaves India: 802
*[[Guru Rinpoche]] leaves India: 802
*[[Guru Rinpoche reaches Samye: 809
*Guru Rinpoche reaches Samye: 809
*[[Guru Rinpoche reconsecrates the ground: 810
*Guru Rinpoche reconsecrates the ground: 810
*[[Guru Rinpoche lays again the foundation stone: 811
*Guru Rinpoche lays again the foundation stone: 811
*[[Completion of Samye: 814
*Completion of [[Samye]]: 814
*[[NS V.1, p.950
*NS V.1, p.950
*[[The seven "trial monks ordained as novices: 827
*The [[seven trial monks]] ordained as novices: 827
*[[Guru Padmasambhava depart to Ngayap Ling]] ([[Chamara]]): 864]] ([[NS]]) or 876]] ([[Patrul, Mipham]]).
*[[Guru Padmasambhava]] depart to [[Ngayap Ling]] ([[Chamara]]): 864]] ([[NS]]) or 876]] ([[Patrul]], [[Mipham]]).
 
*According to NS, Vol.2 p.95:
*[[According to NS, Vol.2 p.95:
*[[King Trisong]]: 730-
*[[King Trisong: 730-
*[[Samye founded]]: 750
*[[Samye founded: 750
*[[Guru Padmasambhava]] leaves Tibet: 804
*[[Guru Padmasambhava leaves Tibet: 804
*[[Tri Ralpachen]]: 806-836
*[[Tri Ralpachen: 806-836
*[[Persecution by Langdarma]] ([[glang dar ma]]): 841-846
*[[Persecution by Langdarma]] ([[glang dar ma]]): 841-846
*[[Assassination of Langdarma]] ([[glang dar ma]]): 846
*[[Assassination of Langdarma]] ([[glang dar ma]]): 846
*[[Yuthok Yonten Gonpo]] ([[g.yu thog yon tan mgon po]]): 729/768/785-  
*[[Yuthok Yonten Gonpo]] ([[g.yu thog yon tan mgon po]]): 729/768/785-  
*[[Samye debate: 792
*[[Samye debate]]: 792
*[[Mune Tsenpo]] ([[mu ne btsan po]]): reigns 797-800  
*[[Mune Tsenpo]] ([[mu ne btsan po]]): reigns 797-800  
*[[Lopon Nyima Senge]] ([[slop dpon nyi ma seng ge]]): 8th century  
*[[Lopon Nyima Senge]] ([[slop dpon nyi ma seng ge]]): 8th century  
*[[Senalek]] ([[sad na legs]]): reigns 804-814  
*[[Senalek]] ([[sad na legs]]): reigns 804-814  
*[[Jinamitra: 8th cent.
*[[Jinamitra]]: 8th cent.
*[[Guru Rinpoche comes to Tibet and begins the construction of Samye: 810]] ([[NS]])
*[[Guru Rinpoche comes to Tibet]] and begins the construction of Samye: 810]] ([[NS]])
*[[Ba Ratna]] ([[sba ratna]]), disciple of Shantarakshita: 9th cent.
*[[Ba Ratna]] ([[sba ratna]]), disciple of [[Shantarakshita]]: 9th cent.
*[[Nyang Ben Tingdzin Zangpo]] ([[nyang ban ting 'dzin bzang po]]): 9th cent.
*[[Nyang Ben Tingdzin Zangpo]] ([[nyang ban ting 'dzin bzang po]]): 9th cent.
*[[King Tri Ralpachen]] ([[ral pa can]]): 866-901]] ([[reign]]) /or 815-838   
*[[King Tri Ralpachen]] ([[ral pa can]]): 866-901]] ([[reign]]) /or 815-838   
*[[Langdarma]] ([[glang dar ma]]): 838-842?]] ([[reign]])  
*[[Langdarma]] ([[glang dar ma]]): 838-842?]] ([[reign]])  
*[[Lachen Gongpa Rabsel]] ([[dgongs pa rab gsal]]) : 892-975 or 832-915?
*[[Lachen Gongpa Rabsel]] ([[dgongs pa rab gsal]]) : 892-975 or 832-915?
*[[King Tride Tsenpo: 847-877
*[[King Tride Tsenpo]]: 847-877
*[[The kingdom of Tibet desintegrates owing to internal rebellions: 929
*[[The kingdom of Tibet desintegrates]] owing to internal rebellions: 929
*[[King Gesar: 993-1080,  1038-1124  
*[[King Gesar]]: 993-1080,  1038-1124  
*[[Nubchen Sangye Yeshe]] ([[gnubs chen sangs rgyas ye shes]]) : 841-?  /or: 767-915 or 880  
*[[Nubchen Sangye Yeshe]] ([[gnubs chen sangs rgyas ye shes]]) : 841-?  /or: 767-915 or 880  
*[[Changchup Drekol]] ([[byang chub 'bre bkol]]): 968-1076  
*[[Changchup Drekol]] ([[byang chub 'bre bkol]]): 968-1076  
Line 1,113: Line 1,112:


===Unknown:===
===Unknown:===
*[[chos skyabs dpal bzang,
*[[chos skyabs dpal bzang]] d:  1476-1565
*[[d:  1476-1565
*[[bsod nams blo gros, from dmar sgom from dol po: 1456-1521.
*[[bsod nams blo gros, from dmar sgom from dol po: 1456-1521.
*[[rdo dmar zhabs drung mi 'gyur rdo rje from gnya' nang: 1675-Hor Chöje I, Ngawang Phuntsok]] ([[hor chos rje ngag dbang phun tshogs]]): 1668-1746
*[[rdo dmar zhabs drung mi 'gyur rdo rje from gnya' nang: 1675-Hor Chöje I, Ngawang Phuntsok]] ([[hor chos rje ngag dbang phun tshogs]]): 1668-1746
Line 1,120: Line 1,118:
*[[Khamnyön Jigdral Chökyi Senge]] ([[khams smyon 'jigs bral chos kyi seng ge]]): postérieur à Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo?
*[[Khamnyön Jigdral Chökyi Senge]] ([[khams smyon 'jigs bral chos kyi seng ge]]): postérieur à Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo?


Category:Buddhist Masters
[[Category:Buddhist Masters]]

Revision as of 05:48, 10 January 2006

Chronology of Buddhism by Matthieu Ricard


Chronology of Buddhism

India and others:

  • Lord Buddha: 961-881 BC According to Buton]] (bu ston)
  • 624-544 According to Theravadin tradition
  • 403-483 Calculation based on the "dotted record" of
  • Vinaya texts.
  • 569-489 Assuming that King Ashoka reigned 100 years
  • after the Buddha's Parinirvana
  • 463-383 Japanese scholars' calculations based on
  • Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese texts
  • 451-371 Assuming that King Ashoka reigned 218 years
  • after the Buddha's parinirvana

Ngagyur Nyingma:

Kadam

Sakya:

Kagyu:

Shangpa Kagyu:

Kalachakra:

Orgyen Nyengyu:

Shiche-Chöd:

Jonang, Bodong:

Zhalu:

Geluk:

Bönpo

Phycisians, gramarians, .

General:

Sino-Tibetan relationships:

  • 1260-1360: Yuang Emperor, Kublai Khan (Mongolian)
  • 1360-1644: Ming (chinese)
  • 1644-1911: Manchu (Ching)
  • [[1644-1661: Shun-chih
  • [[1662-1722: K'ang-hsi
  • [[1723-1735: Yung-cheng
  • [[1736-1795: Ch'ien-lung
  • [[1796-1820: Chia-ch'ing
  • [[upto 1728: Amban has no power
  • [[1792-1895: Amban has some power
  • [[1811-1814: Amban Ahu Thuli
  • [[1814-1817: Amban Shiming
  • [[1817-1820: No 85 Amban Yuling
  • [[1819-1821: No 86 Amban Linghai
  • [[1820-1907: Kuang-hsu
  • 1820-1823: No 87 Weng'gan (Wenming)
  • [[1821: No 88 Nadanzhu
  • [[1821-1825: No: 90 Amban Baochang
  • [[1823-1827: No 91 Amban Songting
  • [[1895: 13th Dalai Lama, Amban becomes less powerful and in
  • [[1908-1911: Hsuan-t'ung
  • [[1912: The last Amban is expelled from Lhasa.
  • [[1913-1914 Conference of Simla. The Chinese refuse to sign the final agreement.

Unknown:

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