Longchen Nyingtik

ཀློང་ཆེན་སྙིང་ཐིག
klong chen snying thig
Heart Essence of the Vast Expanse

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Brief History

The Longchen Nyingthig is a Terma cycle revealed by the master Jigme Lingpa. Since its inception in the late 18th century, it has become one of the most widespread sets of teachings in the Nyingma tradition. It is particularly known and loved for its extensive commentarial literature, which includes practice manuals such as the famed Yeshe Lama.

These teachings were originally transmitted by the master Padmasambhava to King Trisong Deutsen, the Dakini Yeshe Tsogyal and the Lotsawa Vairochana at Samye Monastery in central Tibet. As the time for these teachings to spread was not yet right, they were then written in symbolic script by Yeshe Tsogyal, entrusted to the Dakinis, and hidden to be revealed at a later time. The king later reincarnated as the Treasure Revealer Jigme Lingpa, who recalled the teachings he had received and, recognizing the time was ripe for them to be practised, put them down in writing and began to teach.

Jigme Lingpa, the Terton who revealed this cycle of teachings, was a reincarnation of two important masters, Vimalamitra and King Trisong Deutsen. As the embodiment of these two figures, Tibet's two primary Dzogchen lineages were combined in Jigme Lingpa -- the Vima Nyingthig and Khandro Nyingthig, both of which are contained in the Nyingthig Yabshi. Hence, the Longchen Nyingthig terma cycle is considered a condensation of these profound teachings.

The texts that were revealed by Jigme Lingpa, in their present-day form, comprise three volumes, known as the Nyingthig Tsapod (snying thig rtsa pod). The numerous treatises, sadhanas and prayers it contains deal primarily with tantric practice, in particular the stages of Development Stage and Dzogchen.

Lineage

• The Present day lineages transmitted down from the many students of Rigdzin Jigme Lingpa have spread and are practice throughout every corner of this realm, however there where four main "Heart Sons" that became crucial to dissemination of the lineage, which created a number of lineages of transmission down to present masters.
  

The primary lineage is as follows

• • Samantabhadra - the Dharmakaya
    
  • Vajrasattva - the Sambhogakaya
    
  • Garab Dorje - the Nirmanakaya
    
  • Manjushrimitra
    
  • Shri Singha
    
  • Vimalamitra
    
  • Padmasambhava
    
  • Yeshe Tsogyal
    
  • Trisong Deutsen
    
  • Longchenpa
    
  • Jigme Lingpa
    

The Four Main Lineage Holders

• Jigme Lingpa's four primary students known as "The Four Jigmes"
  • Jigme Trinle Ozer
  • Jigme Gyalwey Nyugu
  • Jigme Kundrol Namgyal
  • Getse Jigme Ngotsar

From Jigme Lingpa's heart son Jigme Trinle Ozer to the present Dodrupchen Rinpoche

• • Dola Jigme Kalzang and Do Khyentse Yeshe Dorje
  • Gyalse Shenpen Thaye
    
  • Khenchen Pema Dorje
    
  • Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo
    
  • Dodrup Tenpey Nyima (3rd Dodrupchen Rinpoche)
    
  • Khenpo Kunpal
    
  • Thubten Trinle Palzang (4th Dodrupchen Rinpoche)
    

From Jigme Lingpa's heart son Jigme Gyalwe Nyugu to the present Chatral Rinpoche

• • Patrul Rinpoche
    
  • Lungtog Tenpe Nyima
    
  • Khenpo Ngagchung
    
  • Chatral Rinpoche
    

From Jigme Lingpa's heart son Jigme Gyalwe Nyugu to the present Penor Rinpoche

• • Patrul Rinpoche
    
  • Lungtog Tenpe Nyima
    
  • Khenpo Ngagchung [1879-1941]
    
  • Rigdzin Palchen Düpa [1887-1932] (2nd Drubwang Padma Norbu)
    
  • Thubten Chokyi Dawa (2nd Tarthang Choktrul Rinpoche)
    
  • Penor Rinpoche [b. 1932] (3rd Drubwang Padma Norbu)
    

Other Lineage Masters

• Mingyur Namkhai Dorje (the fourth Dzogchen Rinpoche)
  
• Onpo Tendzin Norbu
  
• Adzom Drukpa
  
• Rigdzin Palchen Düpa (second Pema Norbu Rinpoche)
  
• Thubten Chokyi Dorje (the fifth Dzogchen Rinpoche)
  
• Yukhok Chatralwa
  
• Jamyang Khyentse Chokyi Lodro
  
• Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche
  

Primary Sadhanas

The Longchen Nyingthig cycle relates primarily to the teachings of Dzogchen, particularly the Innermost Essence teachings. Though there are various practices and Sadhanas found in this tradition, such practices are often approached from this Dzogchen perspective. These practices include:

• Preliminary Practice (sngon 'gro):
  • The Excellent Path To Omniscience (rnam mkhyen lam bzang)
  • See also Longchen Nyingthig Ngondro

• Peaceful Male Vidyadhara Sadhanas:
  • Outer Guru Practice: Guru Yoga (bla ma'i rnal 'byor)
  • Inner Guru Practice: Rigdzin Dupa (rig 'dzin 'dus pa)
  • Secret Guru Practice: Dukngal Rangdrol (sdug bsngal rang grol)
  • Utmost Guru Secret Practice: Ladrup Thigle Gyachen (bla sgrub thig le'i rgya chen)

• Wrathful male Vidyadhara Sadhanas:
  • Palchen Dupa (dpal chen 'dus pa) and its related practices:
    • Yamantaka: Overpowering The Lord Of Death ('jam dpal gshin rje 'chi bdag zil gnon)
    • Hayagriva: Reveling In The Three Realms (rta mgrin khams gsum rol pa)
    • Visuddha: Union Of The Buddhas (yang dag sangs rgyas mnyam sbyor)
    • Vajrakilaya: Overpowering The Hordes Of Mara]] (phur pa bdud dpung zil gnon)
  • Takyung Barwa (rta khyung 'bar ba)
  • Secret Practice: Dukngal Rangdrol (sdug bsngal rang grol)
  • Utmost Secret Practice: Ladrup Thigle Gyachen (bla sgrub thig le'i rgya chen)

• Female Vidyadhara Sadhanas:
  • Yumkha Dechen Gyalmo (yum mkha' bde chen rgyal mo)
  • Senge Dongchen (seng nge'i gdong chen)

• Dharma Protector (gsol kha) Practices:
  • Protectress Magon Chamdrel (bka’ srung ma mgon lcam dral)
  • ProtectressThe Five Medicine Sisters (bka' srung sman btsun mched lnga)

• Other MiscellaneousPractices:
  • Cleansing The Lower Realms: The Peaceful And Wrathful Deities (zhi khro ngan song sbyong ba)
  • Chod Practice: The Bellowing Laugh of the Dakinis (mkha' 'gro gad rgyangs)
  • Purifying The Realm Of Complete Joy: A Guru Yoga On Vajrasattva (rdo rje sems dpa' la brten pa'i bla ma'i rnal 'byor mngon dga'i zhing sbyong)

Primary Texts

The main Tantras and Pith-instructions

• • Kuntuzangpo Yeshe Long Ki Gyu (kun tu bzang po ye she klong gi rgyud)
  • Gyu Chima (rgyud phyi ma)
  • Nesum Shenje (gnad gsum shan 'byed)
  • Neluk Dorje Tsik-kang (gnas lugs rdo rje tshig rkang)
  • Yeshe Lama (ye shes bla ma) and its supporting commentaries

Preliminary Practice Instructions

• • The Steps to Liberation (thun mong gi sngon 'gro sems sbyong rnam pa bdun gyi don khrid thar ba'i them skas thar ba'i them skas)
  • Establishing Practice (rdzogs pa chen po klong chen snying thig gi thun mong gi sngon 'gro khrid kyi lag len la 'debs lugs)
  • Establishing Mindfulness (rdzogs pa chen po klong chen snying thig gi thun mong ma yin pa'i sngon 'gro'i khrid yig dran pa nyer gzhag)

Development Stage Instructions

• • The Ladder to Akanishta ('og min bgrod pa’i them skas)bskyed rim lha’i khrid kyi rnam par gzhag pa)
  • The Advice of Palchen (yo ga gsum gyi spyi chings dpal chen zhal lung)

Completion Stage Instructions

• • A Wish-fulfilling Jewel: A Condensation of the Oral Lineage for Completion Stage, Bliss-emptiness Energy (bde stong rlung gi rdzogs rim snyan rgyud shog dril yid bzhin nor bu)
  • A Short Text on the Blazing and Dripping of Tummo (gtum mo'i 'bar 'dzag yig chung)

Prayers and Aspirations

• • bde can zhing bkod smon lam
  • gzhi lam 'bras bu'i smon lam
  • sku gsum zhing khams sbyong ba'i gsol 'debs smon lam; also known as (zhing sbyong smon lam)
  • bar do'i smon lam dgongs gcig rgya mtsho
  • zangs mdog dpal ri'i smon lam dpal ri'i gsang lam

Present Day Teachers of the Longchen Nyingthig

• Thubten Trinle Palzangpo (fourth Dodrupchen Rinpoche)
  
• Chatral Rinpoche
  
• Penor Rinpoche
  
• Trulshik Rinpoche
  
• Dzigar Kongtrul Rinpoche
  
• Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche
  
• Sogyal Rinpoche
  
• Pema Wangyal Rinpoche
  
• Shechen Rabjam Rinpoche
  
• Jigme Losel Wangpo (the seventh Dzogchen Rinpoche)
  
• The son of Adzom Druktrul (name unknown)
  
• Traktung Rinpoche
  
• Tulku Thondup

Longchen Nyingthig Literature in Translation

• Works on the Longchen Nyingthig Ngondro:
  • Patrul Rinpoche (1994). Words of My Perfect Teacher. Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group. San Francisco: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-1570624124
  • Ngawang Pelzang, Khenpo (2004). A Guide to the Words of My Perfect Teacher. Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group. Boston: Shambhala Publications. ISBN 978-1590300732
  • An Elucidation of The Path To Excellent Omniscience. Translated by the Vajravairochana Translation Committee. Halifax: Vajravairochana Translation Committee, 1996.
  • Thondup, Tulku (1982). Dzogchen: Innermost Essence Preliminary Practice. India: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives.

• Works on Development Stage:
  • Ladder to Akanishta. Included in Deity, Mantra and Wisdom. Translated by Dharmachakra Translation Committee.

• Works on Dzogchen:
  • Yeshe Lama. Translated by Sangye Khandro.
  • Van Schaik, Sam (2004). Approaching the Great Perfection. Boston: Wisdom Publications.

• Sadhana Practices:
  • The Queen of Great Bliss of Long-Chen Nying-Thig. Translated by Tulku Thondup. Sikkim: Published by Dodrup Chen Rinpoche, 1992. A translation of the Yumkha Dechen Gyalmo sadhana.
  • The Assemblage of Vidyadharas of Long-Chen Nying-Thig. Translated by Tulku Thondup. Sikkim: Published by Dodrup Chen Rinpoche, 1992. A translation of the Rigdzin Dupa sadhana.

Other References

• Thondup, Tulku (1996) Masters of Meditation and Miracles. Boston: Shambhala Publications. - The most complete reference on the lineages and practices of the Longchen Nyingthig in the English language.
• Gyatso, Janet (1998). Apparitions of the Self. Princeton: Princeton University Press. - Contains translations of two biographies of Jigme Lingpa.

Alternate Names and Spellings

• Heart Essence of the Vast Expanse
• Heart Essence of the Great Expanse
• Heart Essence of Longchenpa

External Links

• TBRC page on the Longchen Nyingthig
  
• TBRC listing of the treatises contained in the Longchen Nyingthig root texts
• The Tibetan versions of many of the Nyingtig prayers and sadhanas. The ones from [BL] are RTF also a very nice collection in TibDoc. [1]